Article
Physics, Applied
Huiquan Li, Wanting Hou, Zhiyuan Ye, Tianyu Yuan, Shangkun Shao, Jun Xiong, Tianxi Sun, Xuepeng Sun
Summary: Ghost imaging is a technique that uses a single-pixel detector and structured illumination for compressive and lens-free image formation. The resolution in most x-ray ghost imaging schemes is limited by the unit size of structured illumination. To overcome this limitation, we introduced polycapillary optics into x-ray ghost imaging, which improved the resolution by approximately 3 times.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Zhitian Shi, Konstantins Jefimovs, Lucia Romano, Joan Vila-Comamala, Marco Stampanoni
Summary: Fabricating fan-shaped G0 source gratings improves the imaging field of view in laboratory grating-based X-ray interferometry, enhancing both the uniformity and angular sensitivity.
Article
Physics, Applied
Zhijun Chi
Summary: A compact imaging configuration using X-ray polycapillary lens instead of a source grating is proposed and its feasibility is examined through Monte Carlo simulation. With a typical X-ray spectrum for diagnostic mammography, an accurate phase image of the phantom is successfully reconstructed.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Optics
Xin Liu, Lang Liu, Jianheng Huang, Yaohu Lei, Ji Li
Summary: In this paper, a single grating imaging system is proposed for X-ray phase-contrast imaging. The system uses a single-shot algorithm to retrieve attenuation and phase gradient distribution, achieving time-saving and detail preservation. By using a large-size X-ray detector, the system can be configured for both microscopic and large field-of-view imaging.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Uttam Pyakurel, Weiyuan Sun, Pikting Cheung, Desiree D'Moore, Xiaoyun Zhang, Carolyn A. MacDonald, Jonathan C. Petruccelli
Summary: This study developed a practical X-ray phase and dark-field imaging system using structured illumination with a wire mesh and polycapillary optics for coherence enhancement. Mesh-shifting algorithm and deblurring technique improved resolution and accuracy in phase and DF imaging. The system demonstrated significant potential for diagnostic imaging in a clinical setting.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Kai Pan, Tian-Cheng Yi, Zhao Wang, Mo Zhou, Yu-De Li, Zhi-Guo Liu, Xiao-Yan Lin, Tian-Xi Sun
Summary: This paper presents a new type of x-ray lens ASPXRL, which can provide smaller and brighter focus compared to conventional lenses, with potential applications in x-ray microscopy and analytical instruments.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
M. Prabodhi A. Nanayakkara, Qiao He, Arvydas Ruseckas, Anushanth Karalasingam, Lidija Matjacic, Mateus G. Masteghin, Laura Basirico, Ilaria Fratelli, Andrea Ciavatti, Rachel C. Kilbride, Sandra Jenatsch, Andrew J. Parnell, Beatrice Fraboni, Andrew Nisbet, Martin Heeney, K. D. G. Imalka Jayawardena, S. Ravi P. Silva
Summary: This article introduces a new strategy to achieve high-sensitivity performance for X-ray detectors by using high-Z heteroatoms modified organic semiconductors. X-ray detectors fabricated with selenium heteroatoms displayed superior performance in terms of sensitivity and showed efficient charge transfer and transport characteristics.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hsinhan Tsai, Shreetu Shrestha, Lei Pan, Hsin-Hsiang Huang, Joseph Strzalka, Darrick Williams, Leeyih Wang, Lei R. Cao, Wanyi Nie
Summary: The authors report a solution method to produce high-quality quasi-2D perovskite crystalline layers and detectors suitable for X-ray imaging. The photodiodes built with the quasi-2D layers exhibit low dark current and stable operation, and the detector shows a high sensitivity to X-ray. High-resolution images can be obtained using a single pixel device.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Xin Tu, Wansheng Xie, Zhenmin Chen, Ming-Feng Ge, Tianye Huang, Chaolong Song, H. Y. Fu
Summary: By utilizing deep neural networks and finite-difference time-domain solver, efficient design of silicon photonic devices can be achieved; the study shows that both forward and inverse design methods can result in high prediction accuracy for the coupler, reaching up to 91.7%.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Xuetong Zhou, Hon Ki Tsang
Summary: Using an optimized shift-pattern overlay method, a new high-efficiency silicon waveguide grating coupler operating at 1550 nm center wavelength was developed. The simulation predicted a coupling loss of 0.68 dB, and the experimentally measured loss was 0.89 dB. This achievement was obtained without the need for substrate bottom mirrors or electron beam lithography, using standard processes from a commercial foundry's multi-project wafer fabrication service.
IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Juergen Probst, Heike Loechel, Markus Thiel, Semfira Bjeoumikhova, Christoph Braig, Christian Seifert
Summary: This paper reports on the efficient collimation of soft X-rays with an energy of 277 eV using a halved polycapillary lens (PCL). Experimental results and simulations confirm that the PCL significantly reduces the angular divergence of the emitted beam and enhances the photon flux density. This finding is of great importance for the metrology of optical elements for soft X-rays.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xinyuan Du, Jiapu Li, Guangda Niu, Jun-Hui Yuan, Kan-Hao Xue, Mengling Xia, Weicheng Pan, Xiaofei Yang, Benpeng Zhu, Jiang Tang
Summary: Lead halide perovskites have shown promising applications in optoacoustic transducers with improved thermal properties and high performance. By optimizing the thermal properties of perovskites, the researchers achieved record values for bandwidth and conversion efficiency in optoacoustic transducers.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Martin C. Weisskopf, Paolo Soffitta, Luca Baldini, Brian D. Ramsey, Stephen L. O'Dell, Roger W. Romani, Giorgio Matt, William D. Deininger, Wayne H. Baumgartner, Ronaldo Bellazzini, Enrico Costa, Jeffery J. Kolodziejczak, Luca Latronico, Herman L. Marshall, Fabio Muleri, Stephen D. Bongiorno, Allyn Tennant, Niccolo Bucciantini, Michal Dovciak, Frederic Marin, Alan Marscher, Juri Poutanen, Pat Slane, Roberto Turolla, William Kalinowski, Alessandro Di Marco, Sergio Fabiani, Massimo Minuti, Fabio La Monaca, Michele Pinchera, John Rankin, Carmelo Sgro', Alessio Trois, Fei Xie, Cheryl Alexander, D. Zachery Allen, Fabrizio Amici, Jason Andersen, Angelo Antonelli, Spencer Antoniak, Primo Attina, Mattia Barbanera, Matteo Bachetti, Randy M. Baggett, Jeff Bladt, Alessandro Brez, Raffaella Bonino, Christopher Boree, Fabio Borotto, Shawn Breeding, Daniele Brienza, H. Kyle Bygott, Ciro Caporale, Claudia Cardelli, Rita Carpentiero, Simone Castellano, Marco Castronuovo, Luca Cavalli, Elisabetta Cavazzuti, Marco Ceccanti, Mauro Centrone, Saverio Citraro, Fabio D'Amico, Elisa D'Alba, Laura Di Gesu, Ettore Del Monte, Kurtis L. Dietz, Niccolo' Di Lalla, Giuseppe Di Persio, David Dolan, Immacolata Donnarumma, Yuri Evangelista, Kevin Ferrant, Riccardo Ferrazzoli, MacKenzie Ferrie, Joseph Footdale, Brent Forsyth, Michelle Foster, Benjamin Garelick, Shuichi Gunji, Eli Gurnee, Michael Head, Grant Hibbard, Samantha Johnson, Erik Kelly, Kiranmayee Kilaru, Carlo Lefevre, Shelley Le Roy, Pasqualino Loffredo, Paolo Lorenzi, Leonardo Lucchesi, Tyler Maddox, Guido Magazzu, Simone Maldera, Alberto Manfreda, Elio Mangraviti, Marco Marengo, Alessandra Marrocchesi, Francesco Massaro, David Mauger, Jeffrey McCracken, Michael McEachen, Rondal Mize, Paolo Mereu, Scott Mitchell, Ikuyuki Mitsuishi, Alfredo Morbidini, Federico Mosti, Hikmat Nasimi, Barbara Negri, Michela Negro, Toan Nguyen, Isaac Nitschke, Alessio Nuti, Mitch Onizuka, Chiara Oppedisano, Leonardo Orsini, Darren Osborne, Richard Pacheco, Alessandro Paggi, Will Painter, Steven D. Pavelitz, Christina Pentz, Raffaele Piazzolla, Matteo Perri, Melissa Pesce-Rollins, Colin Peterson, Maura Pilia, Alessandro Profeti, Simonetta Puccetti, Jaganathan Ranganathan, Ajay Ratheesh, Lee Reedy, Noah Root, Alda Rubini, Stephanie Ruswick, Javier Sanchez, Paolo Sarra, Francesco Santoli, Emanuele Scalise, Andrea Sciortino, Christopher Schroeder, Tim Seek, Kalie Sosdian, Gloria Spandre, Chet O. Speegle, Toru Tamagawa, Marcello Tardiola, Antonino Tobia, Nicholas E. Thomas, Robert Valerie, Marco Vimercati, Amy L. Walden, Bruce Weddendorf, Jeffrey Wedmore, David Welch, Davide Zanetti, Francesco Zanetti
Summary: The Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) is a collaborative mission between NASA and the Italian Space Agency (ASI) that aims to investigate imaging X-ray polarimetry. It features three identical telescopes with polarization-sensitive imaging X-ray detectors, and will conduct precise polarimetry for a 2-year baseline mission.
JOURNAL OF ASTRONOMICAL TELESCOPES INSTRUMENTS AND SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Benjamin D. Donovan, Randall L. McEntaffer, James H. Tutt, Bridget C. O'Meara, Fabien Grise, William W. Zhang, Michael P. Biskach, Timo T. Saha, Andrew D. Holland, Daniel Evan, Matthew R. Lewis, Matthew R. Soman, Karen Holland, David Colebrook, Fraser Cooper, David Farn
Summary: OGRE is a soft x-ray grating spectrometer designed to fly on a suborbital rocket and aims to obtain the highest-resolution soft x-ray spectrum of Capella. However, various errors degrade the spectrometer's performance from its theoretical maximum.
JOURNAL OF ASTRONOMICAL TELESCOPES INSTRUMENTS AND SYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Hao Sun, Bruno Taglietti, Yue Wang, Lawrence R. Chen
Summary: Bragg gratings (BGs) are widely used in microwave photonic signal processing and systems due to their customizable amplitude and phase responses. Waveguide BGs (WBGs) are compact and easily integrated with other components to build MWP systems. Subwavelength grating (SWG) waveguides and passive devices in silicon-on-insulator (SOI) have enabled the development of breakthrough devices based on anisotropic metamaterials.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Optics
Xin Liu, Yiwen Hu, Shijie Tu, Cuifang Kuang, Xu Liu, Xiang Hao
Summary: We propose a novel method for generating arbitrary optical focus arrays (OFAs), which uses computer-generated holograms (CGHs) to control the positions and intensities of the foci. By replacing the fast Fourier transform (FFT) operation in the conventional iterative Fourier-transform algorithm (IFTA) with a linear algebra one, removing zero elements from matrices, and employing a generalized weighting strategy, we achieve >70 times faster calculation speed and demonstrate OFAs with 99% intensity precision in the experiment. Our method is effective for real-time OFA generation in essential systems.
OPTICS AND LASERS IN ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Optics
Yuxuan Qiu, Wei Chen, Yuran Huang, Yueshu Xu, Yile Sun, Tao Jiang, Zhimin Zhang, Longhua Tang, Xiang Hao, Cuifang Kuang, Xu Liu
Summary: In subtraction microscopy, the difference between Gaussian and doughnut point spread functions (PSFs) leads to negative sidelobes and information loss. This trade-off hampers the improvement in performance. Our proposed Deep-IWS algorithm based on deep learning assigns subtractive coefficients adaptively, leading to 1.8 times higher resolution than confocal microscopy and fewer artifacts with higher SNR in reconstructed images.
OPTICS AND LASERS IN ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Optics
Linpei Li, Xiang Hao
Summary: Precise control of irradiance distribution is a complicated problem for freeform lens design. Simplified assumptions about light sources and surface smoothness can limit design performance. We developed an efficient proxy for Monte Carlo ray tracing under extended sources using triangle mesh freeform surfaces. Our designs showed finer irradiance control compared to LightTools. One lens was fabricated and performed as expected in an experiment.
Article
Optics
Shijie Tu, Xiaoyan Li, Yueying Wang, Wenwen Gong, Xin Liu, Q. Liu, Yubing Han, Cuifang Kuang, Xu Liu, Xiang Hao
Summary: We propose a method to accelerate SIM imaging by combining the spatial re-modulation principle with Fourier domain filtering and using measured illumination patterns. Our method enables high-speed, high-quality imaging of dense subcellular structures without phase estimation of the patterns. The method is also applicable to other spatially uncorrelated illumination patterns.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Siwei Tao, Zonghan Tian, Ling Bai, Wei Wang, Yueshu Xu, Cuifang Kuang, Xu Liu
Summary: X-ray phase contrast imaging is a promising technique that provides enhanced contrast in soft tissues compared to traditional x-ray attenuation-contrast imaging. This study proposes a mesh-based x-ray phase contrast imaging method with one hexagonal mesh for easy alignment and better image visualization. The hexagonal mesh outperforms the traditional square mesh in image evaluation metrics performance and false color visualization with the same radiation dose, showing its feasibility in real imaging systems and advantages in quantitive imaging and better visualization.
PHYSICS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Optics
Xiaoyan Li, Shijie Tu, Yile Sun, Yubing Han, Xiang Hao, Cuifang Kuang, Xu Liu
Summary: Structured illumination microscopy (SIM) achieves super-resolution (SR) by modulating high-frequency information and reconstructing images. Traditional reconstruction algorithms require parameter estimation, which is time-consuming and sensitive to noise and aberration. We propose a spatial-domain method that calculates patterns and covariance to obtain reconstructed images, demonstrating SR capability, high speed, and robustness to aberration and noise in various samples.
JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE OPTICAL HEALTH SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Siwei Tao, Ling Bai, Zonghan Tian, Yueshu Xu, Xiang Hao, Cuifang Kuang, Xu Liu
Summary: X-ray grating interferometer can simultaneously retrieve various signals of imaged sample. However, the mechanical instability of the system can cause reconstruction failure and severe artifacts. To improve the image quality, a multifrequency model and novel iterative image reconstruction methods are proposed. The results show that the proposed methods are effective in retrieving high-quality signals and improving image quality, making them potential techniques for trimodal CBCT reconstruction.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON RADIATION AND PLASMA MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Optics
Yile Sun, Hongfei Zhu, Lu Yin, Hanmeng Wu, Mingxuan Cai, Weiyun Sun, Yueshu Xu, Xinxun Yang, Jiaxiao Han, Wenjie Liu, Yubing Han, Xiang Hao, Renjie Zhou, Cuifang Kuang, Xu Liu
Summary: Fluorescence interference structured illumination microscopy (FI-SIM) is a new imaging modality that allows for high axial resolution imaging without the need for z-axis scanning. It can quickly acquire images with relatively low laser power density, making it suitable for observing fixed and live subcellular structures.
ADVANCED PHOTONICS
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Yubin Han, Shijie Tu, Wenwen Gong, Wenli Tao, Mingwei Tang, Yunfei Wei, Cuifang Kuang, Xu Liu, Yu-Hui Zhang, Xiang Hao
Summary: In this study, a multi-color expansion stimulated emission depletion technique based on small-molecule probes is developed to achieve high labeling density and intensity, addressing the challenge of nanometer-scale resolution in expansion microscopy. The method enables sub-10-nm resolution imaging of intracellular proteins and their interactions in structures like microfilaments, lysosomes, and mitochondria, offering new insights into cell biology.
CELL REPORTS METHODS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Yiwen Hu, Xin Liu, Cuifang Kuang, Xu Liu, Xiang Hao
Summary: Adaptive optics (AC) multiplexing technology improves imaging quality by manipulating and sensing light waves. It is widely used in telecommunications, medical imaging, and astronomy. It can be divided into single-channel and phase-diversity techniques. Single-channel methods capture images using a single intensity, but accuracy is limited. Phase-diversity methods collect imaging information from different planes, yielding higher accuracy. The combination of deep learning and adaptive optics is expected to overcome limitations of traditional techniques and improve wavefront correction speed and accuracy.
CHINESE JOURNAL OF LASERS-ZHONGGUO JIGUANG
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Yueying Wang, Xu Liu, Xiang Hao
Summary: With the rapid development of precision instrument manufacturing and semiconductor processing industry, the observation and measurement of micro-structure surface profile has become an important orientation of scientific research. Laser scanning confocal microscopy becomes popular in three-dimensional (3D) surface topography because of its high resolution, high signal- to-noise ratio, and excellent optical sectioning ability.
LASER & OPTOELECTRONICS PROGRESS
(2023)
Article
Biology
Siwei Tao, Zonghan Tian, Ling Bai, Yueshu Xu, Cuifang Kuang, Xu Liu
Summary: This study proposes a transfer learning-based method to address the phase retrieval problem in grating-based X-ray phase contrast imaging. By generating a training dataset and using deep learning techniques, this method improves image quality and can be applied to X-ray 2D and 3D imaging.
COMPUTERS IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Siwei Tao, Zonghan Tian, Ling Bai, Yueshu Xu, Cuifang Kuang, Xu Liu
Summary: In this study, a method for improving the image quality of DPC-CT system is proposed through iterative phase correction, threshold segmentation, and regularized phase retrieval. These methods can eliminate phase unwrapping errors, mitigate artifacts caused by strong scattering materials, and reconstruct high-quality phase.
IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Yueshu Xu, Yuran Huang, Yuxuan Qiu, Zhimin Zhang, Yubing Han, Yudong Cui, Xiang Hao, Cuifang Kuang, Xu Liu
Summary: Fluorescence emission difference microscopy (FED) uses deep learning enhancement technique based on cycle-consistent generative adversarial network (CycleGAN) to improve the spatial resolution of microscopic images. This method effectively avoids information loss, enhances signal-to-noise ratio, and avoids the photo-bleaching effect. The validity of DL-FED has been demonstrated through simulations and experiments, and it has the potential to achieve high-speed imaging and can be widely applied in live cell research.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2024)