Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Joyeeta Lodh, Shounik Paul, He Sun, Luyang Song, Wolfgang Schoefberger, Soumyajit Roy
Summary: While electrochemistry involves basic oxidation and reduction reactions, it becomes more complicated in real organic electrochemical reactions. The principles used in electrochemical reactions have been derived from physical organic chemistry and have influenced other organic/inorganic reactions. This review focuses on two main themes: the optimization factors in electrochemical reactions including electrodes, supporting electrolytes, and cell design, and the studies conducted in this field over the past 10 years. Electrochemical reactions can serve as a versatile tool for synthesizing important reactions by modifying the constant electrolysis current.
FRONTIERS IN CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Xinxin Li, Linchuan Cong, Nan Lin, Cheng Tang
Summary: This article comprehensively reviews the research progress of electrochemical upgradation of furfural in recent years, focusing on energy optimization, including electrochemical oxidation/reduction reactions and paired electrosynthesis systems. The studies elucidate reaction pathways and mechanisms, and emphasize the design principles of electrocatalysts and electrochemical reactors.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Xinxin Li, Linchuan Cong, Yupeng Wu, Nan Lin, Fangbing Liu, Deyuan Xin, Fuyu Han, Jin Yang, Weitong Chen, Haibo Lin
Summary: Electrochemical methods for catalytic furfural conversion have attracted significant attention. Paired electrocatalytic conversion is identified as a promising strategy for reducing energy consumption and promoting carbon neutrality. A divergent paired electrochemical upgrading approach for furfural in acidic environments has been developed, focusing on gas evolution reactions and product transformations. CuSn/CuF@Cu electrocatalyst prepared by electrodeposition effectively inhibits hydrogen evolution. Experiments and density functional theory calculations were used to investigate the performance and pathways of electrocatalytic hydrogenation. A stable Ti/PbO2 electrode with high oxygen evolution overpotential was prepared for anodic electrocatalytic oxidation, and successful conversion of furfural to maleic acid and 2-methylfuran was achieved. The paired electrosynthesis system utilizes electrons generated from anodic oxidation of furfural in valuable and controllable cathodic hydrogenation, reducing power costs and promoting biomass electrochemical conversion.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Muhammad Sajid, Muhammad Rizwan Dilshad, Muhammad Saif Ur Rehman, Dehua Liu, Xuebing Zhao
Summary: Furfural production from xylose using p-toluenesulfonic acid as a catalyst in DMSO medium was studied. The optimal catalyst was found to be pTSA-CrCl3 • 6H2O, which achieved a high furfural yield of 53.10% at 120 degrees C. Kinetic modeling showed that the condensation of furfural in the solvent medium could be neglected.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Arua Clayton Da Silva, Junzhi Wang, Ivan Rusev Minev
Summary: In this study, the authors explore a new approach to control gelation mechanisms and patterns using electrochemical-chemical-chemical reactions. By oxidizing the ionic species and/or molecules in solution at a specific electric potential, an intermediate species is generated and reacts with macromolecules to form hydrogels. This method allows for the selection of gelation reactions and control of hydrogel growth rate, and has been demonstrated for patterning hydrogels on gold and flexible ITO foils using a commercial 3D printer.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Electrochemistry
Marc T. M. Koper
Summary: This paper introduces a simple Hamiltonian Marcus-type model to study cation-coupled electron transfer reactions and derives an expression for the activation energy. The expression is mathematically similar to the classical Frumkin correction. The model explains how cations lower the activation energy for the Volmer reaction in alkaline media and how cations help stabilize the first intermediate in electrochemical CO2 reduction. The second part of the paper introduces the cation effect in a more empirical way in an effective rate law and shows how coupling to local pH changes and the corresponding interfacial cation concentration leads to deviations from the standard Butler-Volmer behavior and non-linear Tafel plots.
JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE ELECTROCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Huanjiang Wang, Yuchen Zhang, Dan Luo, He Wang, Yurong He, Fei Wang, Xiaodong Wen
Summary: In addition to the main reaction, understanding the structure-activity relationship in the side reactions is another important goal for catalysis science. In this study, the catalytic activities and selectivities of various active metals were investigated in the reductive amination of furfural (FAL). It was observed that Ru-based catalysts showed higher hydrogenation of furfurylamine (FAM) at a much higher reaction temperature compared to Co-and Ni-based catalysts (130 vs. 50 degrees C), indicating the influence of active metal on the excessive hydrogenation of FAM. The evaluation of FAM hydrogenation further supported the relationship between H2 reaction pressure and catalytic activity.
MOLECULAR CATALYSIS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Andrew S. May, Steven M. Watt, Elizabeth J. Biddinger
Summary: Electrochemical processes can be used to valorize biomass-derived species like furfural to produce fine chemicals and fuels. The competition between furfuryl alcohol and 2-methylfuran in the electrochemical hydrogenation and hydrogenolysis reactions of furfural over Cu catalysts in acidic conditions can be influenced by factors such as temperature and initial furfural concentration. The study suggests that the reaction mechanisms likely involve a non-competitive Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism, with the rate limiting steps being the first hydrogenation of furfural to furfuryl alcohol and the C-O cleavage to form 2-methylfuran.
REACTION CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Huilan Li, Wenying Xue, Lina Wang, Tianxi Liu
Summary: The study introduces soluble lithium polysulfide of Li2S8 as a redox mediator to enhance the reversible oxidation efficiency of a freestanding fibrous SPAN cathode, improving the initial Coulombic efficiency and performance of Li-S batteries.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Chen-Rui Kao, Ai-Hsuan Yeh, Bo-Hao Chen, Lian-Ming Lyu, Yu-Chun Chuang, Brian T. Sneed, Chun-Hong Kuo
Summary: Bimetallic icosahedral nanoframes with high surface-area-to-volume ratio and high surface site availability were synthesized via a one-step synthetic strategy. These nanoframes exhibited improved catalytic activity and selectivity compared to other catalysts, suggesting their potential applications.
CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Qiuju Fu, Huimin Jiang, Yujia Wang, Haiyan Wang, Xuebo Zhao
Summary: Metal-organic framework (MOF) based heterogeneous catalysts are widely used in furfural (FFR) hydrogenation reactions. This review summarizes recent advances in upgrading FFR over MOF-based heterogeneous catalysts, ranging from MOFs and MOF derivatives to MOF composites. It also highlights critical issues and perspectives in the hydrogenation of FFR to high-value-added chemicals. This review provides valuable guidance for the preparation and rational design of MOF-based heterogeneous catalysts for upgrading FFR to high value-added chemicals.
MATERIALS CHEMISTRY FRONTIERS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Asiye Akyildiz, Tuba Simsek Mertoglu, Erdal Agcam
Summary: This study investigated changes in ascorbic acid, hydroxymethylfurfural, and furfural content in orange juice during processing and storage. It found that orange juice processed at moderate temperatures had better retention of ascorbic acid and lower levels of HMF and furfural formation during shelf-life.
JOURNAL OF FOOD COMPOSITION AND ANALYSIS
(2021)
Article
Biophysics
Philip Gillespie, Robert B. Channon, Xiaotong Meng, Md Nazmul Islam, Sylvain Ladame, Danny O'Hare
Summary: Short single-stranded nucleic acids found in bodily fluids, particularly miR-141, have emerged as minimally invasive biomarkers for diseases such as cancer. This study introduces a novel sensing strategy using electrochemically active molecular probes based on PNA scaffolds for detecting short nucleic acids, demonstrating promising potential for fast, low-cost, quantitative, and sequence-specific detection of nucleic acids from liquid biopsies through EOTRs.
BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Runjia Lin, Liqun Kang, Tianqi Zhao, Jianrui Feng, Veronica Celorrio, Guohui Zhang, Giannantonio Cibin, Anthony Kucernak, Dan J. L. Brett, Furio Cora, Ivan P. Parkin, Guanjie He
Summary: This study investigates the competition between electrocatalytic organic compound oxidation reactions (OCORs) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) using NiWO4-catalysed urea oxidation reaction (UOR) as an example. The competition is attributed to insufficient surface concentration of dynamic Ni3+. To address this issue, a controllable reconstruction of pseudo-crystalline bimetal oxides design strategy is proposed, resulting in an optimised electrocatalyst with significantly improved performance in alkaline urea electrolysis.
ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Chunjin Ren, Shuaihua Lu, Yilei Wu, Yixin Ouyang, Yehui Zhang, Qiang Li, Chongyi Ling, Jinlan Wang
Summary: In this study, a simple and universal descriptor based on inherent atomic properties was proposed for evaluating the complicated interfacial effects on electrochemical reduction reactions. The activity and selectivity trends in CO2 reduction reaction were successfully elucidated, and several potential catalysts with superior activity and selectivity were predicted. Furthermore, the descriptor was also extended to evaluate the activity of dual-atom catalysts for O-2 and N-2 reduction reactions.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
