Article
Engineering, Environmental
Golshan Moradi, Masoud Rahimi, Sirus Zinadini
Summary: A novel antifouling nanofiltration membrane has been developed for dye rejection and heavy metal ion removal, with high water flux and excellent fouling resistance.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Beibei Liu, Shuo Zhang, Zheng Yao, Liangliang Dong, Yunxiang Bai, Chunfang Zhang
Summary: A thin-film nanocomposite (TFN) membrane incorporating graphitic carbon nitride quantum dots (CNQDs) was successfully developed via a simple interfacial polymerization method. The TFN membrane exhibited higher permeation flux and rejection rate compared to the original thin-film composite membrane, in addition to excellent antifouling properties.
ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Saba Amiri, Alireza Asghari, Vahid Vatanpour, Maryam Rajabi
Summary: In this study, a CS-APSGO nanocomposite hydrogel was synthesized and utilized to modify PES membranes, resulting in membranes with improved filtration performance. The CS-APSGO embedded membranes showed excellent antifouling properties and high flux during filtration tests.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mohammad Javad Khosravi, Sayed Mohsen Hosseini, Vahid Vatanpour
Summary: The Mil-125(Ti)-CS nanocomposite was successfully synthesized and embedded into PES membrane matrix to fabricate nanofiltration membranes with improved performance. Addition of 1wt% nanocomposite led to increased pure water flux, while higher concentrations reduced pore radius and permeability. Membranes containing 1wt% nano composite showed the highest flux recovery ratio (FRR) of 98% in BSA filtration.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Golshan Moradi, Sirus Zinadini, Masoud Rahimi, Farshad Shiri
Summary: In this study, a new mesoporous material was prepared and characterized, and it was incorporated into a mixed matrix nanofiltration membrane. The results showed that the mesoporous material had a significant influence on the membrane performance and antifouling behavior, and it demonstrated efficient removal of heavy metal ions.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Sachin Karki, Pravin G. Ingole
Summary: The vapor phase interfacial polymerization method was used to develop thin-film nanocomposite and thin-film composite membranes. TiO2 nanoparticles were incorporated to tackle heavy metal pollution, and functionalized TiO2 nanoparticles were used to enhance interaction with the matrix phase. The TFN membranes showed high rejection rates for different ions and improved antifouling properties.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Acoustics
Khalid M. Alotaibi, Arun K. Shukla, Elham Bajuayfir, Abdullah A. Alotaibi, Mohamed H. Mrad, Fatma A. Gomaa, Abdullah M. Alswieleh
Summary: Functionalization of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) with amine and thiol-based groups improved their efficiency. The existence of amine and thiol on the surface of MSNs was confirmed using FTIR, TEM, and SEM techniques. The performance of polysulfone (PS) nanofiltration membranes incorporated with surface-modified MSNs was evaluated, and the membrane with amine and thiol-based MSNs showed the highest pure water permeability. This research highlights the potential application of these surface-modified MSNs/PS nanofiltration membranes for the removal of heavy metal ions from polluted water.
ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Fangfang Zhang, Huiju Shao, Yanfang Diao, Kang Li, Wei Gao, Shuhao Qin
Summary: A novel nanocomposite membrane with a dual-charged electrically conductive separation layer was fabricated, exhibiting excellent heavy metal ion removal and antifouling properties through manipulation of microstructure and deposition layers.
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Huiju Shao, Yanfang Diao, Fangfang Zhang, Shuhao Qin
Summary: A novel smart voltage-gated membrane with an analogous zwitterion-functionalized separation layer is prepared by combining blending, surface segregation and co-deposition. The membrane exhibits superior permeations, separations, and antifouling properties.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
C. Lavanya, J. Kusuma, R. Geetha Balakrishna
Summary: The addition of Y2Ti2O7 ceramic species can significantly enhance the hydrophilicity, permeability, and dye removal capacity of PSF MMMs, and exhibit higher flux recovery ratio and fouling resistance ratio. Mixed matrix membranes show significantly higher rejection of heavy metal ions.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Krishanu Bhowmick, Sanjukta Roy, Subhamoy Bhowmick, Rachna Jain, Swachchha Majumdar, Ganesh C. Sahoo, Priyanka Mondal
Summary: In this study, positively charged ceramic-supported polymeric membranes were fabricated and characterized for their structure and performance. The membranes showed good water permeability, high rejection rates for salts and heavy metals, as well as excellent anti-fouling and antibiofouling properties. They have potential applications in wastewater treatment.
JOURNAL OF WATER PROCESS ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Soheil Dadari, Masoud Rahimi, Sirus Zinadini
Summary: In this study, nickel-bentonite nanoparticles were synthesized using Scrophularia striata extract and used as nanofillers for fabricating antifouling and antibacterial nanofiltration membranes. The modified membranes showed improved hydrophilicity, surface charge, and porosity, resulting in reduced fouling and higher rejection of heavy metal ions. The membranes also exhibited significant antibacterial capability, with 1 wt% NBNPs/PES membrane showing the highest antibacterial rate.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Xiaoliang Dong, Huiju Shao, Nan Liu, Jinyan Chang, Shengbao He, Shuhao Qin
Summary: A novel and simple strategy is proposed to achieve effective exfoliation of hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets during membrane fabrication. The optimized membrane showed excellent performance in removing heavy metals from wastewater.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Basak Keskin, Meltem Agtas, Turkan Ormanci-Acar, Turker Turken, Derya Y. Imer, Serkan Unal, Yusuf Z. Menceloglu, Tugba Ucar-Demir, Ismail Koyuncu
Summary: In this study, UF flat sheet membranes were manufactured by wet phase inversion with two different halloysite nanotubes sizes and five ratios. Various characterization methods and synthetic dye waters were used for performance tests. The results showed that UF membranes containing 1.88% w/w ratio of HNT exhibited the best water permeability and dye performance.
WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Saba Amiri, Vahid Vatanpour, Tao He
Summary: In this research, a high permeable and antifouling membrane was developed through surface coating and in-situ crosslinking procedure using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium alginate (SA) as coating materials containing graphene oxide (GO) as a hydrophilic additive. The addition of GO improved the hydrophilicity and surface smoothness of the membranes, resulting in enhanced permeability and rejection. The PVA-SA-GO membrane exhibited the best desalination performance and As(III) removal along with satisfactory stability and reusability.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Asif Hayat, Muhammad Sohail, Usama Anwar, T. A. Taha, H. I. A. Qazi, Amina, Zeeshan Ajmal, Abdullah G. Al-Sehemi, Hamed Algarni, Ahmed A. Al-Ghamdi, Mohammed A. Amin, Arkom Palamanit, W. Nawawi, Emad F. Newair, Yasin Orooji
Summary: The increasing demand for sustainable energy production has led to the extensive use of solar power technology, particularly in the combustion of pollutants, CO2 reduction, photocatalysis, and hydrogen gas production. Semiconductor-based photocatalysis, such as g-C3N4, has emerged as a promising solution due to its superior electronic configuration and high performance. However, g-C3N4's photocatalytic activity is hindered by its small surface area and charge recombination. Various synthetic strategies have been employed to enhance photocatalytic performance by incorporating g-C3N4 with different materials. This review provides an overview of the latest g-C3N4-based materials and their applications in solar energy and environmental management.
Article
Polymer Science
Foad Gholami, Sirus Zinadini, Ali Akbar Zinatizadeh, Samira Sanjabi, Ali Reza Mahdavian, Mahya Samari, Vahid Vatanpour
Summary: New fouling resistance and stimulus-responsive nanofiltration membranes were fabricated by adding photochromic nanofillers to the polyethersulfone matrix. The modified membranes demonstrated improved performance with enhanced pure water flux and better flux recovery ratio. The addition of photochromic materials made the membranes sensitive to environmental conditions, leading to color changes.
POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Bahriye Eryildiz, Basak Keskin, Mehmet Emin Pasaoglu, Turker Turken, Vahid Vatanpour, Ismail Koyuncu
Summary: This study used PVC membranes to improve water purification and fouling performance. The results showed that with the increase of PVC content, the contact angle of the membrane increased and the overall porosity decreased. The rejection of BSA and HA increased and the permeate flux decreased with the addition of PVC. Furthermore, the fouling resistance of the membrane improved with the increase of PVC content.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ismail Koyuncu, Bahriye Eryildiz, Recep Kaya, Yucel Karakus, Fatemeh Zakeri, Alireza Khataee, Vahid Vatanpour
Summary: This study examined the performance of braid reinforced hollow fiber membrane containing PVDF embedded with WO3 nanosheets in treating textile wastewater in an MBR. The addition of 0.1 wt% of the nanosheets improved membrane hydrophilicity, porosity, and COD and color removal efficiency.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Vahid Vatanpour, Borte Kose-Mutlu, Oyku Mutlu-Salmanli, Gulmire Ilyasoglu, Soheila Asadzadeh-Khaneghah, Aziz Habibi-Yangjeh, Ismail Koyuncu
Summary: Bi4O5I2 nanosheets were synthesized and blended with a membrane matrix to fabricate hydrophilic and antifouling polyethersulfone (PES) membranes. The nanocomposite membranes showed improved antifouling properties, especially under UV irradiation, and demonstrated efficient removal of pollutants.
JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Saba Amiri, Vahid Vatanpour, Tao He
Summary: In this research, a high permeable and antifouling membrane was developed through surface coating and in-situ crosslinking procedure using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium alginate (SA) as coating materials containing graphene oxide (GO) as a hydrophilic additive. The addition of GO improved the hydrophilicity and surface smoothness of the membranes, resulting in enhanced permeability and rejection. The PVA-SA-GO membrane exhibited the best desalination performance and As(III) removal along with satisfactory stability and reusability.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mahsa Haddad Irani-nezhad, Alireza Khataee, Vahid Vatanpoor, Samira Arefi-Oskoui, Yasin Orooji
Summary: For the first time, exfoliated 2D-Biotene (E-BIT) with one or few layers was prepared through a cost-effective liquid-phase exfoliation of bulk biotite (B-BIT). Different characterization methods were used to verify the successful preparation of E-BIT. The transparency of E-BIT to the electron beam indicated its small thickness after exfoliation, which was also confirmed by AFM results. E-BIT was then utilized as a nano-additive to improve the properties of polyethersulfone (PES) polymeric membrane. The modified membranes showed improved hydrophilicity and enhanced flux and elimination efficiency for various substances, with a high flux recovery ratio.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Saleem Raza, Muhammad Usman Hameed, Ehsan Ghasali, Asif Hayat, Yasin Orooji, Hongjun Lin, Ceren Karaman, Fatemeh Karimi, Nevin Erk
Summary: A special type of two-dimensional material based conducting polymer was constructed by green synthesis and in-situ polymerization techniques. The resulting material showed excellent adsorption performance towards Cu2+ and Cd2+ ions and can be easily regenerated. This method has potential for various applications in different fields.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Sureyya Oguz Tumay, Vildan Sanko, Ahmet Senocak, Yasin Orooji, Erhan Demirbas, Yeojoon Yoon, Alireza Khataee
Summary: In this study, a novel MAX-phase material, Nb4AlC3, was successfully synthesized and characterized. The Nb4AlC3 modified glassy carbon electrode (Nb4AlC3@GCE) showed good sensor performance for the determination of para-coumaric acid (p-CA). The accuracy of the sensing system was confirmed through spike/recovery and high-performance liquid chromatography analysis.
Editorial Material
Engineering, Chemical
Hassan Karimi-Maleh, Fatemeh Karimi, Yasin Orooji
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Mohammad Hassan Heidarian, Mohammad Nakhaei, Vahid Vatanpour, Khalil Rezaei
Summary: In this study, the uptake efficiency of lead from contaminated groundwater in Fashafuye Plain was investigated using clinoptilolite in batch and sand box model experiments. The surface properties, structure, and composition of the adsorbent were analyzed. The results showed that the pH variability and sediment permeability affected the adsorption efficiency of lead.
JOURNAL OF WATER PROCESS ENGINEERING
(2023)
Review
Engineering, Chemical
Amir Hossein Behroozi, Muayad Al-Shaeli, Vahid Vatanpour
Summary: Nanofiltration (NF) is a promising process for treating contaminated air and water environments. Electrospinning can produce electrospun nanofiber membranes (ENMs) with large specific surface area and selective wettability. The modification and post-treatment of ENMs can improve their filtration performance. Future developments should focus on producing more durable ENMs with well-controlled systems.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Soudeh Almaie, Mohammad Hossein Rasoulifard, Vahid Vatanpour, Mir Saeed Seyed Dorraji
Summary: The photocatalytic membrane reactor (PMR) technology combines membrane separation with photocatalysis to treat dyeing wastewater, reducing membrane fouling and improving rejection performance. Two different methods were used to modify the photocatalytic membranes, and the addition of Ag-Ag2C2O4/TiO2 photocatalyst and an amphiphilic copolymer improved the performance of the membranes. The results showed that the modified membranes had improved hydrophilicity, permeability, antifouling properties, and rejection performance. The combination of Ag-Ag2C2O4/TiO2 NPs in the copolymerized membranes showed the highest dye rejection and the lowest flux decline.
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Seyed Ali Naziri Mehrabani, Tannaz Sadeghi Rad, Vahid Vatanpour, Alireza Khataee, Mustafa Kaya, Bihter Zeytuncu, Ismail Koyuncu
Summary: The incorporation of CuCr NLDH-GO improves the hydrophilicity, permeability, and antifouling properties of PVC ultrafiltration membranes. The addition of CuCr NLDH-GO significantly enhances the hydrophilicity, resulting in a nearly twofold increase in pure water permeability. Furthermore, the modified membranes show improved antifouling performance and dye rejection capabilities.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Applied
Xingran Kou, Dongdong Su, Fei Pan, Xiwei Xu, Qingran Meng, Qinfei Ke
Summary: This review provides a systematic discussion of the application of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations in aroma compounds (ACs)/cyclodextrins (CDs) inclusion complexes (ICs). It covers the establishment of the simulation process, parameter selection, model evaluation, and various application cases, summarizing the major achievements and challenges of this method.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Review
Chemistry, Applied
Haoyu Yu, Quanbin Zhang, Ammad Ahmad Farooqi, Jing Wang, Yang Yue, Lihua Geng, Ning Wu
Summary: Brown algae are rich in fucoidan, which has been found to have anti-cancer and anti-metastasis effects. Fucoidan inhibits tumor cell growth, proliferation, and metastasis, and also promotes immune responses in the tumor microenvironment.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Review
Chemistry, Applied
Liang Dong, Yanan Li, Hailin Cong, Bing Yu, Youqing Shen
Summary: Gene therapy is a revolutionary treatment that requires suitable vectors for protecting and releasing exogenous nucleic acids in target cells. Chitosan, as a non-viral vector, has gained attention due to its good biocompatibility and ability to load large amounts of nucleic acids. This paper summarizes the potential of chitosan and its derivatives as gene delivery vector materials, discusses factors influencing transfection efficiency, performance evaluation, ways to optimize infectious efficiency, and current research development directions. It also provides an outlook on the future prospects of chitosan.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Ana Iglesias-Mejuto, Beatriz Magarinos, Tania Ferreira-Goncalves, Ricardo Starbird-Perez, Carmen Alvarez-Lorenzo, Catarina Pinto Reis, Ines Ardao, Carlos A. Garcia-Gonzalez
Summary: This study developed a novel processing strategy to manufacture drug-loaded and personalized aerogels with nanostructures. The aerogels demonstrated bioactivity and antimicrobial effects, promoting bone regeneration and preventing infections in bone tissue engineering.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Zhenxu Shi, Dimei Yang, Yan Zhou, Xinyu Chen, Lin Gan, Jin Huang
Summary: This study proposes a micro-assembly method to improve the photoluminescent properties of crystalline cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) by organizing them within a sub-micrometer-sized metal-organic framework and coating with TiO2. The TiO2 coating prevents CNC assembly breakdown and allows information to be revealed using screenprinted labels for anti-counterfeiting purposes.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Xuejiao Liu, Bin Fu, Jierong Chen, Zhenyu Sun, Dongdong Zheng, Zhonghua Li, Bing Gu, Ying Zhang, Haojie Lu
Summary: Liver disease is a major cause of global mortality, and identifying biomarkers for diagnosing its progression is crucial for improving outcomes. Targeted mass spectrometry is a powerful tool for verifying biomarker candidates and clinical applications, particularly for glycoproteins translation. However, the limitation of analyzing only one sample per run has become apparent. In this study, a high-throughput intact N-glycopeptides quantification strategy was developed, allowing the validation of 20 samples per run with an average analysis time of 3 minutes per sample. The strategy was applied in a cohort of 461 serum samples and identified a panel of 10 IgG N-glycopeptides that have strong clinical utility in evaluating the severity of liver disease.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Qian Wang, Hao Jiang, Hongli Zhang, Weiqiao Lu, Xiao Wang, Wenfeng Xu, Jia Li, Youjing Lv, Guoyun Li, Chao Cai, Guangli Yu
Summary: This study proposes a novel strategy of antibody-beta-glucan conjugates (AGC) to enhance the antitumor immune response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy. AGC demonstrated powerful tumor suppression and promoted interaction between tumor cells and dendritic cells (DCs), thereby enhancing immunotherapeutic benefits.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Chaeyeon Lee, Sojeong Lee, Sang Wook Kang
Summary: The study aims to enhance the properties of porous membranes by addressing the limitations associated with phase separation. By using cellulose acetate and citric acid, the researchers were able to fabricate membranes with improved mechanical strength and thermal stability. The cross-linking effect of citric acid resulted in a more uniform pore structure and higher porosity.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Review
Chemistry, Applied
Tejaswini Kolipaka, Giriraj Pandey, Noella Abraham, Dadi A. Srinivasarao, Rajeev Singh Raghuvanshi, P. S. Rajinikanth, Vidya Tickoo, Saurabh Srivastava
Summary: This review focuses on the design and application of polysaccharide-based hydrogel wound dressings, highlighting aspects such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, drug entrapment, moisturizing ability, swelling, and mechanical properties. Additionally, various crosslinking methods and recent developments in stimuli-responsive hydrogels are discussed.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Anqi Xu, Nan Zhang, Shixing Su, Hongyu Shi, Daoqiang Lu, Xifeng Li, Xin Zhang, Xin Feng, Zhuohua Wen, Gengwu Ma, Mengshi Huang, Chi Huang, Yuqi Hu, Hao Yuan, Qinwen Liu, Daogang Guan, Jun Wang, Chuanzhi Duan
Summary: The study presents a one-pot radical polymerization method to fabricate a hydrogel with adhesive properties, which can effectively treat bacterial-infected diabetic wounds and accelerate wound healing.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Montarop Yamabhai, Munthipha Khamphio, Thae Thae Min, Chai Noy Soem, Nguyen Cao Cuong, Waheni Rizki Aprilia, Krisanai Luesukprasert, Karsidete Teeranitayatarn, Atthaphon Maneedaeng, Tina R. Tuveng, Silje B. Lorentzen, Simen Antonsen, Paiboon Jitprasertwong, Vincent G. H. Eijsink
Summary: The study investigates the bioconversion of chitosan into soluble anti-inflammatory chitosan oligosaccharides (CHOS) using an enzyme. The results show that the generated CHOS have anti-inflammatory activity, but the magnitude of the activity depends on the substrate and production process. Different methods of dissolving chitosan also affect the properties of CHOS. The study highlights the importance of quality assurance in CHOS preparations.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Wen Cao, Jiangping Wu, Xinya Zhao, Zixu Li, Jie Yu, Taili Shao, Xuefeng Hou, Lutan Zhou, Chunfei Wang, Guodong Wang, Jun Han
Summary: In this study, a water-soluble polysaccharide (PLP1) was successfully isolated and purified from Pueraria lobata. It was found that PLP1 was composed of specific glycosidic units and exhibited a better free radical-scavenging ability. Moreover, PLP1 effectively protected the liver against acute alcoholic liver disease (ALD) in mice.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Ya Su, Yaqian Liu, Xueyan Hu, Yueqi Lu, Jinyuan Zhang, Wenbo Jin, Wang Liu, Yan Shu, Yuen Yee Cheng, Wenfang Li, Yi Nie, Bo Pan, Kedong Song
Summary: A 3D printed scaffold based on carbon dots-curcumin nano-drug release has been developed for drug delivery after breast cancer surgery. The scaffold showed effective inhibition of tumor growth, antibacterial activity, and promotion of wound healing, making it a promising approach for preventing tumor recurrence.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Ekaterina Sokolova, Diane Jouanneau, Antonin Chevenier, Murielle Jam, Nathalie Desban, Pierre Colas, Elizabeth Ficko-Blean, Gurvan Michel
Summary: Carrageenans, a compound synthesized in red algae, have various biological properties and are valuable in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Their fine structure affects wound healing, oxidative processes, hemostasis, and inflammation. Enzymatic modification of carrageenans produces oligosaccharides that bind to natural human serum antibodies and specific antibodies, showing potential for therapeutic applications.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Yan Shi, Miao Yu, Kaijin Qiu, Tiantian Kong, Chunjing Guo, Wenxue Zhang, Daquan Chen, Ming Kong
Summary: In this study, functionalized transfersomes were developed to co-deliver doxorubicin and 1MT towards primary tumors and tumor draining lymph nodes via transdermal administration using microneedles. The results showed that the nano-complexed microneedles exhibited a stronger suppression in tumor growth compared to the intravenous group.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
