期刊
ACS NANO
卷 16, 期 10, 页码 15827-15836出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c05452
关键词
smart contact lens; glucose fuel cell; sustainability; flexible electronics; photonic crystals; hydrogels
类别
资金
- Korea Environment Industry & Technology Institute (KEITI) through its Ecological Imitation-based Environmental Pollution Management Tech-nology Development Project
- Korea Ministry of Environment (MOE) [2019002790007]
- National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Korea government (MSIT) [2022R1A2C1013103, 2020R1A2C2009093]
- National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Ministry of Science and ICT (NRF [NRF-2015M3D3A1A01064926]
- National Research Foundation of Korea [2022R1A2C1013103, 2020R1A2C2009093] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
This study demonstrates smart contact lenses with fully embedded glucose fuel cells that can generate stable power and maintain performance even after folding. Additionally, by connecting the fuel cells to capacitors, tear glucose levels can be distinguished through the naked eye.
Smart contact lenses have the potential to serve as noninvasive healthcare devices or virtual displays. However, their implementation is limited by the lack of suitable power sources for microelectronic devices. This Article demonstrates smart contact lenses with fully embedded glucose fuel cells that are safe, flexible, and durable against deformations. These fuel cells produced stable power throughout the day or during intermittent use after storage for weeks. When the lenses were exposed to 0.05 mM glucose solution, a steady-state maximum power density of 4.4 mu W/cm(2) was achieved by optimizing the chemistry and porous structure of the fuel cell components. Additionally, even after bending the lenses in half 100 times, the fuel cell performance was maintained without any mechanical failure. Lastly, when the fuel cells were connected to electroresponsive hydrogel capacitors, we could clearly distinguish between the tear glucose levels under normal and diabetic conditions through the naked eye.
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