Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yu Qi, Yucai Chen, Xu Yan, Wei Liu, Li Ma, Yongchun Liu, Qingxin Ma, Sijin Liu
Summary: This study reveals a new perspective on the transmission and infection of pathogens loaded on PMs, and uncovers the systematic impairments of the inhalation tract under co-exposure through a laboratory exposure model.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Osamah J. Al-sareji, Ruqayah Ali Grmasha, Khalid S. Hashim, Jasim M. Salman, Raed A. Al-Juboori
Summary: This study investigated the personal exposure and inhalation doses of PM1 and PM2.5 in Al-Hillah city, Iraq, for four common motorized transportation modes, highlighting the special and temporal variation of air pollution in the city. The study findings also revealed high levels of PM1 and PM2.5 that exceeded the recommended WHO limits.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yang Xu, Linjun Qin, Guorui Liu, Minghui Zheng, Da Li, Lili Yang
Summary: The study assessed daily exposure levels of EPFRs for urban residents in Beijing, finding that carbon-centered radicals dominated in winter, while oxygen-centered radicals dominated in summer. Coal combustion in winter was identified as a key influencing factor, and an intuitive assessment concluded that one urban resident may inhale the equivalent of 46 cigarettes per day in EPFRs. Further research on the health risks of these free radicals, especially during winter, is recommended.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ran Li, Jing Peng, Wenhui Zhang, Yunlu Wu, Renjie Hu, Rucheng Chen, Weijia Gu, Lu Zhang, Li Qin, Mianhua Zhong, Lung-Chi Chen, Qinghua Sun, Cuiqing Liu
Summary: Recent studies have found that gestational exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, particularly intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). However, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. In this study, pregnant mice were exposed to either filtered air or ambient PM2.5, and it was found that PM2.5 exposure during gestation resulted in reduced fetal body weight and crown-rump length. Moreover, the placental blood sinusoid and expression of placental nutrient transporters and growth hormone were also affected by PM2.5 exposure. Additional tests revealed that PM2.5 exposure inhibited autophagy and activated the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway in the placenta. These findings suggest that autophagy inhibition leading to placental developmental disorder might be an important mechanism for PM2.5-induced growth restriction.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Amy McCarron, Sean Semple, Christine F. Braban, Colin Gillespie, Vivien Swanson, Heather D. Price
Summary: This study investigates the acute effects of personal exposure to PM2.5 on self-reported asthma-related health. The results show individual exposure to PM2.5 varies across microenvironments and is associated with asthma symptoms. However, there is no significant association between exposure and reliever inhaler use.
SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Shanon Lim, Eridiong Bassey, Brendan Bos, Liberty Makacha, Diana Varaden, Raphael E. Arku, Jill Baumgartner, Michael Brauer, Majid Ezzati, Frank J. Kelly, Benjamin Barratt
Summary: The study found that personal PM2.5 exposures were lower in high-income countries compared to other countries, with significant geographic and social population subgroup inequalities in personal exposure.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiaozhe Yin, Meredith Franklin, Masoud Fallah-Shorshani, Martin Shafer, Rob McConnell, Scott Fruin
Summary: This study presents the largest scale research conducted in a single urban area, using monitoring of different particulate matter concentrations and developing regression and machine learning models to successfully predict 24 elemental components in eight Southern California communities. It was found that incorporating spatiotemporally resolved meteorology into the models improved the accuracy of predictions for particle distribution, especially near roadways for non-tailpipe emissions.
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Caihua Zhu, Yubing Xue, Yuran Li, Zhenxing Yao, Yan Li
Summary: An inhalation model for particulate matter (PM) considering exercise load was established to assess its impact on residents' travel health. PM concentrations were collected at different transportation spaces, such as walking, bicycle, bus, taxi, and subway, using PM detectors. A multiple linear regression model, adjusted by road greening, was used to investigate the influencing factors on PM concentration. The air inhalation model, considering individual heart rate (HR) and characteristics, was obtained. The proposed model estimates PM2.5 and PM10 inhalation during a complete trip based on air inhalation per time unit, travel time, and PM concentration. Analysis of experimental data in Xi'an revealed significant differences in PM concentrations between taxi, bus, and subway carriages and environmental monitoring stations, while the differences were not significant in sidewalk, non-motorized lane, taxi station, bus station, subway concourse, and subway platform locations. PM concentration and humidity in the background environment positively influenced PM concentration in the transportation environment, while temperature and wind speed had negative effects. The mean values of air inhalation per time unit for males and females in each mode ranged from 9.6-26.8 L/min and 9.8-27.8 L/min, respectively. Exposure time in non-motorized transportation significantly affected PM inhalation, with walking connections and waiting in motorized transportation being the main contributing factors. The study results can be used to predict travelers' PM inhalation during completed trips and provide recommendations for choosing a healthier mode of transportation.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xinlei Zhu, Chen Chen, Bo Zhang, Yihui Ge, Weidong Wang, Jing Cai, Haidong Kan
Summary: By conducting a longitudinal study among 40 healthy adults in Shanghai, China, this research found robust associations of salivary inflammatory markers (e.g., CRP, TNF-alpha) and urinary oxidative stress markers (e.g., 8-iso-PGF(2 alpha)) with short-term PM2.5 exposure. The study identified sub-daily (6-12 hours) and daily (similar to 24 hours) periods as sensitive time windows to detect the responses of salivary and urinary biomarkers, respectively.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Xing Jiang, Yiqun Han, Xinghua Qiu, Jinming Liu, Zhen Cheng, Hanxiyue Zhang, Yanwen Wang, Xi Chen, Yunfei Fan, Yu Shang, Shiyi Chen, Min Hu, Weiju Li, Tong Zhu
Summary: This study systematically detected electrophilic compounds in personal PM2.5 samples using electron capture negative ionization and found that these compounds were associated with inflammatory cytokines. Primary components of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and high-DBE oxygenated PAHs were positively associated with oxidative homeostasis, while oxidized secondary species were negatively associated with IL-2/IL-8, indicating immune disorders in response to oxidized aerosols.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Remy Petremand, Guillaume Suarez, Sophie Besancon, J. Hugo Dil, Irina Guseva Canu
Summary: A Bayesian spline model was developed to analyze real-time mass concentrations of particulate matter in the personal breathing zone of Parisian subway workers. The study found differences in particle concentrations and variations at different subway stations and work areas, as well as discrepancies between different measurement methods.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ashlyn C. Harmon, Alexandra Noel, Balamurugan Subramanian, Zakia Perveen, Merilyn H. Jennings, Yi-Fan Chen, Arthur L. Penn, Kelsey Legendre, Daniel B. Paulsen, Kurt J. Varner, Tammy R. Dugas
Summary: The study indicates that EPFRs have a direct impact on vasculature and may lead to systemic inflammation and vascular endothelial injury.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Guanjin Yin, Xiaodan Wu, Yihan Wu, Hongjin Li, Lei Gao, Xinlei Zhu, Yixuan Jiang, Weidong Wang, Yanling Shen, Yu He, Chen Chen, Yue Niu, Yi Zhang, Ruolin Mao, Yuzhen Zeng, Haidong Kan, Zhihong Chen, Renjie Chen
Summary: The study found that personal exposure to PM2.5 within 24 hours was significantly associated with increased carbon content in airway macrophages (AM), as well as decreased lung function, anti-inflammatory cytokines, and increased pro-inflammatory cytokines. These changes were accompanied by increased areas of AM carbon and higher percentage of AM area occupied by carbon, which were associated with increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and decreased levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Exposure to ambient black carbon and organic carbon in PM2.5 within 2 days was significantly associated with increased AM carbon area and percentage of AM area occupied by carbon. The findings indicate that increased AM carbon content may serve as a valid exposure biomarker for the respiratory health effects of PM2.5.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Aneesa Vanker, Whitney Barnett, Ryan Chartier, Rae MacGinty, Heather J. Zar
Summary: Air pollution is a global risk factor for impaired lung health and increased morbidity and mortality. The MicroPEM and ECM are wearable monitors for personal exposure to fine particulate matter, which have reasonable rates of acceptability in mothers and children. However, high PM2.5 exposure in children is a concern and strategies to minimize exposure need to be strengthened.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Review
Construction & Building Technology
Yutong Zhu, Xiaoming Song, Rongshan Wu, Jiakun Fang, Lingyan Liu, Tong Wang, Shuo Liu, Hongbing Xu, Wei Huang
Summary: The study found that personal use of air filtration units can significantly reduce indoor fine particulate matter concentrations by 11% to 82% under real-world situations. However, factors affecting the reduction of indoor particulate matter concentrations include geographical location, filtration technology, indoor environment, and air pollution sources.
Editorial Material
Environmental Sciences
Richard E. Peltier, Gretchen T. Goldman
JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Richard E. Peltier, Jiayuan Wang, Brian L. Hollenbeck, Jennifer Lanza, Ryan M. Furtado, Jay Cyr, Richard T. Ellison, Kimiyoshi J. Kobayashi
INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Environmental Sciences
J. D. Stewart, K. M. Shakya, T. Bilinski, J. W. Wilson, S. Ravi, Chong Seok Choi
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2020)
Editorial Material
Environmental Sciences
Richard E. Peltier, Timothy J. Buckley
JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Environmental Studies
S. A. Mani, F. S. Mani, A. Kumar, S. Shah, R. E. Peltier
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART D-TRANSPORT AND ENVIRONMENT
(2020)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Kabindra M. Shakya, Alexander Saad, Alex Aharonian
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2020)
Article
Ecology
Justin D. Stewart, Peleg Kremer, Kabindra M. Shakya, Meghan Conway, Alexander Saad
Summary: Microbes are abundant in the near-surface atmosphere of urban areas, and their distribution can be influenced by the urban landscape. Individuals in cities are exposed to diverse microbial environments outdoors and within indoor transit systems. Variation in urban landscape structure is associated with diversity and function of near-surface atmospheric microbiomes.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Kyle R. Kellenbenz, Kabindra M. Shakya
Summary: Indoor radon is a significant environmental threat to public health as the second leading cause of lung cancer in the United States. This study aims to investigate seasonal and annual variations in indoor radon concentrations in Pennsylvania from 1988 to 2018, identify hotspot areas, and analyze associations with factors such as weather conditions and housing types.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY
(2021)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Ruth McDermott-Levy, Madeline Scolio, Kabindra M. Shakya, Caroline H. Moore
Summary: The study found that climate change impacts on human mortality involve environmental changes and social demographic factors, resulting in complex effects. The meteorological impacts of climate change influence various aspects such as temperature, air quality, drought, wildfires, precipitation, and disease spread, while social and demographic factors are related to health determinants and social demographics.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Shao-Hsiang Hung, Jared W. Bowden, Richard E. Peltier, Jessica D. Schiffman
Summary: The cellulose-based nanofilters, chemically functionalized with polydopamine or polycation, show high filtration efficiency and excellent performance in removing nanoscale particulates, even in non-ideal high humidity environments. These findings have the potential to drive future engineering of nanofilters for air purification applications.
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Lucas E. Cummings, Justin D. Stewart, Peleg Kremer, Kabindra. M. Shakya
Summary: Understanding the relationship between urban structure patterns and air pollutants is crucial for sustainable urban planning. This study used a mobile monitoring method to collect PM2.5 and BC data in Philadelphia during the summer of 2019 and applied the STURLA methodology to examine the relationship between urban structure and atmospheric pollution. The results show that PM2.5 and BC concentrations vary across different STURLA classes, and the proportions of STURLA components can predict the spatial distribution of air pollution. Among the frequently sampled STURLA classes, gpl (grass, pavement, and low-rise buildings) had the highest average PM2.5 concentrations, while tgbwp (trees, grass, bare soil, water, pavement) had the highest BC concentrations. The STURLA method combined with machine learning modeling successfully correlated air pollution concentrations with urban landscape composition and interpolated concentrations throughout the city. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of the STURLA methodology in modeling the relationship between air pollution and urban structure patterns.
SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yoshira Ornelas Van Horne, Cecilia S. Alcala, Richard E. Peltier, Penelope J. E. Quintana, Edmund Seto, Melissa Gonzales, Jill E. Johnston, Lupita D. Montoya, Lesliam Quiros-Alcala, Paloma I. Beamer
Summary: On the 30th anniversary of the Principles of Environmental Justice, we propose an environmental justice framework for exposure science that centers around the community, involving community members in the research process and addressing the environmental exposure issues of highest concern. This multidirectional framework promotes sustainability and long-term impact.
JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
S. A. Mani, R. E. Peltier, M. Le Mestre, P. Gunkel-Grillon, S. Shah, F. S. Mani
Summary: PM2.5 characterizations and inhalation health risks were analyzed in Suva and Lautoka Cities in Fiji. The study provides a comprehensive assessment of atmospheric metal concentrations and black carbon profiles, and highlights the slightly elevated health risk for children in Lautoka.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Lucas E. Cummings, Justin D. Stewart, Radley Reist, Kabindra M. Shakya, Peleg Kremer
Summary: The study used a mobile monitoring method to measure air pollutant concentrations in Philadelphia, finding that PM2.5 and BC had the highest concentrations. Data showed that air pollution hotspots were mainly distributed in the North Delaware, River Wards, and North planning districts in Philadelphia across different size fractions of particles and BC.
FRONTIERS IN BUILT ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Gayle Hagler, Dan Birkett, Ronald C. Henry, Richard E. Peltier
Summary: The study conducted high-precision air monitoring in port areas and found that a decrease in pollutant concentrations at monitoring sites due to reduced emissions may be the result of a shift in emission factors.
AEROSOL AND AIR QUALITY RESEARCH
(2021)