Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Bo-Yie Chen, Jyh-Cheng Liou, Jia-Lain Wu, Chao-Hsiang Chen, Shih-Liang Yang
Summary: Astragaloside IV showed protective effects against light-induced functional vision deterioration, especially on cone cells, improving visual acuity and contrast sensitivity function in mice.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Yun-Wen Chen, Yun-Ping Huang, Pei-Chang Wu, Wei-Yu Chiang, Ping-Hsun Wang, Bo-Yie Chen
Summary: Danshensu shows protective effects on retinal tissues and functional vision in a mouse model of light-induced retinal degeneration, particularly in preventing Muller cell gliosis. Additionally, Danshensu exerts protective effects against light-evoked deterioration on low spatial frequency-based VCSF through the dopamine D1 receptors enhancement pathway.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Thibaut Chapron, Veronique Pierrat, Georges Caputo, Mathilde Letouzey, Elsa Kermorvant-Duchemin, Youssef Abdelmassih, William Beaumont, Amandine Barjol, Guylene Le Meur, Valerie Benhamou, Laetitia Marchand-Martin, Pierre-Yves Ancel, Heloise Torchin
Summary: We reported the 5(1/2) year prevalence of visual and oculomotor impairments in preterm children born at 24-34 weeks' gestation using a population-based cohort study. The study found a high prevalence of refractive errors and strabismus in preterm children regardless of gestational weeks, indicating the need for specific attention in this population. The high prevalence of suboptimal visual acuity could be challenging for these children during reading and writing acquisition.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Ying-Zi Xiong, Quan Lei, Aurelie Calabrese, Gordon E. Legge
Summary: This study examined the validity of a digital simulation for replicating the text visibility and reading performance of low-vision individuals. It was found that normally sighted young adults under simulated low-vision conditions had faster reading speed than low-vision groups, but they were able to adequately replicate the reading acuity and critical print size of the low-vision groups.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Sri Pratima Nandamuri, Jane E. Schulte, Miranda R. Yourick, Benjamin A. Sandkam, Kristen A. Behrens, Melissa M. Schreiner, Maya Dayanim, Garrett Sweatt, Matthew A. Conte, Scott A. Juntti, Karen L. Carleton
Summary: African cichlids are ideal for studying genes responsible for mate choice and species divergence. By studying these fishes, researchers have identified quantitative trait loci and candidate genes that influence cone opsin expression. However, experimental results on the effect of the MITFA gene on opsin expression contradict expectations.
Article
Entomology
Adam Egri, Adam Meszaros, Gyorgy Kriska, Jozsef Fail
Summary: The brown marmorated stink bug is an invasive pest insect that has caused damage in agriculture and annoyance in residential areas. Through electroretinography and behavioral experiments, it was found that the compound eyes of these bugs are sensitive to green and UV light, with a preference for short wavelength lights (368-455 nm) for attraction.
JOURNAL OF PEST SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Filippos Vingopoulos, Itika Garg, Esther Lee Kim, Merina Thomas, Rebecca F. Silverman, Megan Kasetty, Zakariyya Y. Hassan, Gina Yu, Katherine Joltikov, Eun Young Choi, Ines Lains, Leo A. Kim, David N. Zacks, John B. Miller
Summary: The study revealed that contrast sensitivity is significantly reduced in CSCR and strongly correlates with subjective visual impairment. Different structural biomarkers are associated with contrast thresholds reductions at different spatial frequencies.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pilar Casado, Francisco J. Avila, Ma Victoria Collados, Jorge Ares
Summary: This passage discusses the importance of evaluating both the optical quality and neural visual functions in assessing the visual system. The point spread function (PSF) is often used to objectively evaluate the retinal image quality, with different areas of the PSF associated with optical aberrations and scattering contributions. Visual acuity and contrast sensitivity function tests are considered as perceptual neural responses to the eye's PSF, and can reveal visual impairments under different conditions such as glare vision. An optical instrument is introduced to study disability glare vision, specifically assessing the contrast sensitivity function under glare conditions using extended Maxwellian illumination. The study aims to investigate the effects of glare source size and contrast sensitivity function on total disability glare threshold, tolerance, and glare adaptation in young adult subjects.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mariel Roberts, Marisa Carrasco
Summary: This study investigates the role of exogenous attention in visual perceptual learning in adults with amblyopia and finds that it helps generalize learning beyond trained spatial locations.
Article
Ophthalmology
Nishant Kumar, Deepika Dhingra, Shibal Bhartiya, Meenakshi Wadhwani
Summary: This study aimed to assess habitual visual acuity (HVA) in a large urban cohort in western India and identify factors associated with poor HVA. The findings revealed that lower education, income, female gender, and older age were significantly linked to poor visual acuity in this population despite accessible eye care facilities.
INDIAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Carl W. Baker, Kristin Josic, Maureen G. Maguire, Lee M. Jampol, Daniel F. Martin, Soraya Rofagha, Jennifer K. Sun, DRCR Retina Network
Summary: This study evaluated the differences between clinical visual acuity (VA) recorded in medical records and electronic Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (eETDRS) protocol VA measurements. The results showed that clinical VA was generally 1 to 2 lines worse than the protocol VA, and eyes with lower clinical measurements and eyes tested without clinical refraction tended to have larger differences.
Article
Biology
Anna Stockl, Rebecca Grittner, Gavin Taylor, Christoph Rau, Andrew J. Bodey, Almut Kelber, Emily Baird
Summary: Body size can affect the function of organs and body parts in animals, with eyes being a prime example. Studies on the allometric scaling of insect compound eyes can reveal trade-offs between spatial resolution and visual sensitivity. Research shows that the eyes of the hummingbird hawkmoth maintain an optimal balance between these performance measures across all body sizes.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Ana M. Cerveira, Ximena J. Nelson, Robert R. Jackson
Summary: Jumping spiders rely on four pairs of eyes for visual predation, with one pair responsible for color and high spatial acuity vision, and the other three pairs for motion detection. The Algerian spider adapts to hunting in low light environments, maintaining sensitivity and spatial acuity while having effective light protection.
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY A-NEUROETHOLOGY SENSORY NEURAL AND BEHAVIORAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Kiran Chandran, Anantharaman Giridhar, Mahesh Gopalakrishnan, Sobha Sivaprasad
Summary: This study found that changes in the interdigitation zone (IDZ) are associated with right-angle vessel (RAV) and can predict the loss of ellipsoid zone (EZ) in Macular Telangiectasia Type-2 (MacTel).
Article
Ophthalmology
Anjali M. Bhorade, Monica S. Perlmutter, Sharon L. Sabapathypillai, Manik Goel, Bradley Wilson, Mae O. Gordon
Summary: The study reveals a higher rate of falls, fear of falling, and avoidance of activities at-risk for falls in patients with glaucoma. Early intervention and treatment can reduce the risk of falls and improve the quality of life for glaucoma patients.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wen-Sung Chung, Nyoman D. Kurniawan, N. Justin Marshall
Summary: This study compares the neuroanatomy of diurnal and nocturnal coastal and deep-sea octopods, revealing that their habits and habitats are linked to characteristic changes in brain structure. The differences between solitary and social life are reflected in the formation of multiple compartments in the vertical lobe, resembling the cortex of vertebrates.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Noor D. White, Zachary A. Batz, Edward L. Braun, Michael J. Braun, Karen L. Carleton, Rebecca T. Kimball, Anand Swaroop
Summary: The study used a probe set to capture 46 genes related to avian vision, achieving high success rates and saving sequencing resources, while avoiding the issue of chimeric assembly. By applying these data, positively selected genes in the evolution of night vision and high-speed vision were identified, providing a new perspective for evolutionary research.
MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES
(2022)
Article
Biology
Amy Streets, Hayley England, Justin Marshall
Summary: Stomatopod crustaceans, or mantis shrimps, have a wide range of spectral sensitivity but poor spectral discrimination. They may utilize a different method of color processing, interpreting color as a parallel pattern of photoreceptor activation.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Naomi F. Green, Emily Guevara, Daniel C. Osorio, John A. Endler, N. Justin Marshall, Misha Vorobyev, Karen L. Cheney
Summary: This study explores the threshold changes in color discrimination for fish species and highlights the importance of considering different factors in color vision models. It provides valuable insights into the nonlinearities of photoreceptors and post-receptoral mechanisms in fish.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Karen L. Cheney, Jemma Hudson, Fanny de Busserolles, Martin Luehrmann, Abigail Shaughnessy, Cedric van den Berg, Naomi F. Green, N. Justin Marshall, Fabio Cortesi
Summary: Vision is crucial for animals to survive and navigate. This study provides detailed information on the visual system of Picasso triggerfish through behavioral experiments and molecular anatomy. The study reveals that Picasso triggerfish have high visual resolution and express only a subset of visual opsin genes.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Melissa M. Schreiner, Miranda R. Yourick, Scott A. Juntti, Karen L. Carleton
Summary: Cichlid fishes exhibit variation in visual sensitivities through differential expression of cone opsin genes. A. burtoni show a single cone progression from ultraviolet to blue sensitivity during development, while maintaining stable long wavelength double cones. Thyroid hormone and light environment play a role in driving these shifts.
Article
Biology
Lily G. Fogg, Fabio Cortesi, David Lecchini, Camille Gache, N. Justin Marshall, Fanny de Busserolles
Summary: This study investigates the visual development of the coral reef fish family using transcriptomics. The results show that the holocentrids are well adapted to photopic conditions initially and invest more in their scotopic visual system as they settle on the reef. By adulthood, they have well-developed scotopic vision and show upregulation of phototransduction genes.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Laurie J. Mitchell, Fabio Cortesi, N. Justin Marshall, Karen L. Cheney
Summary: Researchers have found that Barrier Reef anemonefish use ultraviolet color patterns to signal submissiveness. Fish with lower ultraviolet skin reflectance are more likely to win in dominance contests, while those with higher reflectance are more likely to lose. Juvenile subordinates benefit by signaling their submissiveness with a naturally higher ultraviolet skin reflectance, which reduces aggression from larger, more-dominant fish and aids with social group integration.
BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lily G. Fogg, Fabio Cortesi, Camille Gache, David Lecchini, N. Justin Marshall, Fanny de Busserolles
Summary: This study investigated the effects of short-term exposure to unnatural light conditions on the retina of juvenile and adult convict surgeonfish. The results showed phenotypic plasticity in the retina, with the most significant changes observed under constant dim light.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sian Vincent Venables, Christian Drerup, Samuel B. Powell, N. Justin Marshall, James E. Herbert-Read, Martin J. How
Summary: In shallow water, caustics can hinder visual perception for animals, but some animals have evolved polarization vision to counteract this. This study is the first to demonstrate that polarization vision reduces the negative impacts of dynamic illumination on visual perception.
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Zeke M. Gonzalez, Scott A. Juntti, Karen L. Carleton
Summary: Cichlid fish have experienced rapid radiation, aided by sexual selection and their ability to mimic the appearance of eggs on their anal fins. However, it was uncertain whether cichlids can actually distinguish between eggs and egg spots in their natural environment. This study found that while the two haplochromine species could not distinguish the colors of eggs and egg spots, one species was able to distinguish egg spots from anal fins.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sara. M. M. Stieb, Fabio Cortesi, Luiz Jardim de Queiroz, Karen. L. L. Carleton, Ole Seehausen, N. Justin Marshall
Summary: This study investigates the expression of visual pigment gene (opsin) in coral reef fishes and finds that algivorous species with orange/red colors exhibit high expression of long-wavelength-sensitive (lws) opsin. This enhances their ability to detect algae and orange/red-colored conspecifics, possibly enabling social signalling.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wen-Sung Chung, Alejandra Lopez-Galan, Nyoman D. Kurniawan, N. Justin Marshall
Summary: This study provides the first detailed description of the neuroanatomical features of a tropical and diurnal cuttlefish and investigates ontogenetic changes in its visual and learning centers. Comparisons with other cuttlefish species are made to construct a connectivity map of the cuttlefish brain. The findings reveal brain anatomy differences and previously unknown neural connections associated with camouflage, motor control, and chemosensory function.
Editorial Material
Environmental Sciences
Donald F. Boesch, Just Cebrian, Vanessa F. Fonseca, Stephen C. Landers, N. Justin Marshall
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2023)