Article
Plant Sciences
Yasuyuki Nomura, Yoshiko Shimono, Nobuyuki Mizuno, Ikuya Miyoshi, Satoshi Iwakami, Kazuhiro Sato, Tohru Tominaga
Summary: This study reports how a new phenotype of hybrids between two Imperata cylindrica ecotypes contributes to rapid reproductive isolation from their parents and affects hybrid fitness. The hybrid populations consist of only F-1 individuals, without advanced generation hybrids. The flowering phenology of the F-1 plants is delayed, preventing backcrossing, and changing seed dispersal time. This study highlights the importance of hybrid traits in driving rapid reproductive isolation.
JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ian Ganly, Eric Minwei Liu, Fengshen Kuo, Vladimir Makarov, Yiyu Dong, Jinsung Park, Yongxing Gong, Alexander N. Gorelick, Jeffrey A. Knauf, Elisa Benedetti, Jacqueline Tait-Mulder, Luc G. T. Morris, James A. Fagin, Andrew M. Intlekofer, Jan Krumsiek, Payam A. Gammage, Ronald Ghossein, Bin Xu, Timothy A. Chan, Ed Reznik
Summary: This study analyzed genomic, metabolomic, and immunophenotypic data of HCC and other thyroid cancers. The results showed that HCC and other thyroid malignancies commonly exhibit mtDNA mutations and depletion of citrate pools, while HCC specifically has elevated metabolites in the reduced form of NADH-dependent lysine degradation pathway. The presence of gLOH is associated with reduced immune infiltration. Additionally, unsupervised clustering identified four clusters of HCC with distinct clinical, metabolomic, and microenvironmental phenotypes.
Article
Plant Sciences
Rongli Liao, Weibang Sun, Yongpeng Ma
Summary: This study investigates hybridization of Buddleja plants in disturbed habitats, finding that most hybrids are F(1)s and gene flow is limited by mainly F-1 hybrids, maintaining species boundaries. Evidence suggests B. crispa as the maternal parent in one population and predicts a unidirectional hybridization pattern in another.
Article
Plant Sciences
Saumya Shah, Shubhra Rastogi, Divya Vashisth, Prashant Kumar Rout, Raj Kishori Lal, Umesh Chandra Lavania, Ajit Kumar Shasany
Summary: This study investigates the developmental changes and associated gene expression in inter-genomic combinations of two related species of Ocimum. The differences between the hybrid F1 and amphidiploids were analyzed through phenotypical and anatomical assessments. The study identified specific transcripts that were absent in the amphidiploids and showed the importance of certain genes in the suppressed and activated functions between F1 and amphidiploids. The expression of genes related to stomatal patterning and development explained the differences in stomata density and size between F1 and amphidiploids. This investigation sheds light on the influence of interspecific hybridization on gene expression and developmental changes, providing valuable insights into intergenomic instability in amphidiploids.
Article
Horticulture
Nanjundappa Sandeep, Banur Marulasiddappa Dushyanthakumar, Shankarappa Sridhara, Lakshmana Dasaiah, Kundur Mahadevappa Satish, Ahmed M. El-Shehawi, Mohammed M. Althaqafi, Salman Aloufi, Hanoor Sharma, Abdullah Alaklabi, Hosam O. Elansary
Summary: Wild relatives of okra are a good source of variation for breeding programs, especially for traits related to stresses and fruit quality. However, they have been largely unexploited so far. In this study, cultivated okra was crossed with three wild species, and the crossability was evaluated based on fruit set, seed set, and germination rate. Results showed that the crosses were only successful when the cultivated okra was used as the female parent, and reciprocal crosses were not successful. The interspecific hybrids exhibited normal growth but were sterile due to abnormal meiosis. Further treatments were conducted to restore fertility, and the hybrids showed differences in performance and heterosis. The information obtained in this study will help breeders develop better prebreeding material.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Guilherme Caeiro-Dias, Alan Brelsford, Mariana Meneses-Ribeiro, Pierre-Andre Crochet, Catarina Pinho
Summary: This study analyzed a natural hybrid zone between two species in a late stage of speciation using ddRADseq genotyping. The results showed strong but incomplete reproductive isolation within the hybrid zone. Some loci showed signs of potential positive selection, and the Z chromosome was suggested to play an important role in reproductive isolation.
Article
Plant Sciences
Takahiro Tezuka, Naoto Kitamura, Sae Imagawa, Akira Hasegawa, Kumpei Shiragaki, Hai He, Masanori Yanase, Yoshiyuki Ogata, Toshinobu Morikawa, Shuji Yokoi
Summary: Hybrid lethality, a postzygotic mechanism of reproductive isolation, is caused by epistatic interaction of genes and can lead to death of F-1 hybrid seedlings. In Nicotiana genus, HLA1 locus causing hybrid lethality was mapped between two DNA markers, with a 682 kb interval in the genome sequence of N. benthamiana.
Article
Fisheries
Haoran Gu, Haoyu Wang, Sihong Deng, Xiangyan Dai, Zhijian Wang
Summary: Hybrid escape in aquaculture is common and can negatively impact indigenous species. In this study, the concept of postzygotic ecological isolation was introduced to reduce ecological risk caused by the escape of transgenic and genome edited varieties. The study highlights the importance of considering ecological adaptability in genetic containment strategies.
Article
Plant Sciences
Maria Ferriol, Unzue Simo, Carme J. Mansanet, Alejandro Torres, Belen Pico, Antonio J. Monforte, Carlos Romero
Summary: This study investigates the reproductive isolation between different species of Cucumis, including cultivated melon. It identifies several barriers to hybridization, such as pollen tube arrest, fruit set failure, and hybrid male sterility. The study also finds a significant correlation between genetic distance and reproductive isolation stages.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Lynna Kvistad, Stephanie Falk, Lana Austin
Summary: The Eastern Yellow Robin, a common passerine in Australia, exhibits divergence between its mitochondrial and nuclear genomes, potentially due to admixture and chromosomal inversion. Despite the absence of assortative mating, there is evidence of reproductive isolation between populations, with greater differentiation in females. This suggests that the species experiences postzygotic isolation, consistent with Haldane's Rule.
G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Biology
Jennifer Walsh, Shawn M. Billerman, Bronwyn G. Butcher, Vanya G. Rohwer, David P. L. Toews, Vicens Vila-Coury, Irby J. Lovette
Summary: Genome-wide analyses of admixture between two closely related North American oriole species reveal longstanding barriers to reproductive isolation. This study provides insights into the mechanisms that facilitate and inhibit speciation using a hybrid zone between the Baltimore and Bullock's orioles. The findings highlight the complex interactions between pre- and post-mating barriers and the rapid accumulation of barriers between these species.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zoe Postel, Celine Poux, Sophie Gallina, Jean-Stephane Varre, Cecile Gode, Eric Schmitt, Etienne Meyer, Fabienne Van Rossum, Pascal Touzet
Summary: Early stages of speciation in plants involve genetic incompatibilities between plastid and nuclear genomes, leading to hybrid breakdown and reproductive isolation. In this study, we investigated the reproductive isolation in Silene nutans and found that different genetic lineages exhibited strong reproductive isolation, resulting in chlorotic hybrids. Analysis of plastid and nuclear genes revealed that the diversity pattern observed in the plastid complexes of S. nutans could be driven by relaxation of selection due to past bottlenecks and positive selection.
MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Oxana Kolomiets, Irina Bakloushinskaya, Mark Pankin, Valentina Tambovtseva, Sergey Matveevsky
Summary: The basic causes of postzygotic isolation can be explained by studying gametogenesis, which is significantly different in males and females. Through analyzing an experimental inbred lineage of the eastern mole vole, it was found that the different translocations between males and females can disrupt spermatogenesis, leading to a decrease in reproductive capacity and speciation.
Article
Plant Sciences
Francisco Javier Jimenez-Lopez, Montserrat Arista, Maria Talavera, Leonor Patricia Cerdeira Morellato, John R. Pannell, Juan Viruel, Pedro L. Ortiz Ballesteros
Summary: The genetic divergence between species depends on reproductive isolation (RI) caused by traits reducing interspecific mating (prezygotic isolation) or reduced hybrid fitness (postzygotic isolation). Prezygotic barriers were found to be generally stronger than postzygotic barriers, but previous studies mostly examined F-1 hybrid fitness in early life cycle stages. This study combined field and experimental data to assess the strength of 17 prezygotic and postzygotic reproductive barriers between co-occurring Lysimachia species. The results showed near complete RI between the two species, with prezygotic barriers contributing more in reducing gene flow in allopatry, while their contributions were more similar in sympatry. The strength of postzygotic RI was underestimated when effects on late stages of the life cycle were disregarded.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Alex Van Huynh, Amber M. Rice
Summary: Preferences for mating cues, including odor signals, can impact speciation and reproductive isolation in natural hybrid zones. Hybrid individuals show varying preferences for parental species cues, with male hybrids showing overall no preference and female hybrids showing a preference for black-capped chickadee odor dependent on their black-capped ancestry. These preferences may play a role in reproductive isolation and the movement of hybrid zones.
BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY AND SOCIOBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Lena Arevalo, Sarah Gardner, Polly Campbell
Summary: This study conducted the first genome-wide assessment of the contribution of imprinted genes (IGs) to parent-of-origin placental growth abnormalities in hybrids of house mice and Algerian mice, finding that abnormal expression and methylation in the Kcnq1 cluster may lead to placental undergrowth. Hybrid males exhibited more extreme phenotypes, which may be related to the X-chromosome's hemizygous status in both sexes. Additionally, leaky imprinted X-chromosome inactivation in hybrid female placenta may buffer females from the effects of X-linked incompatibilities, contributing to the adherence to Haldane's rule in hybrid placenta.
Article
Ecology
Cornelia W. Twining, Joey R. Bernhardt, Alison M. Derry, Cameron M. Hudson, Asano Ishikawa, Naoki Kabeya, Martin J. Kainz, Jun Kitano, Carmen Kowarik, Sarah Nemiah Ladd, Miguel C. Leal, Kristin Scharnweber, Jeremy R. Shipley, Blake Matthews
Summary: The nutritional diversity of resources can impact the adaptive evolution of consumer metabolism and diversification. Omega-3 fatty acids have a significant influence on consumer fitness. Consumers can evolve in response to resource quality variations and genetic mechanisms underpinning consumer adaptation to fatty acid distributions are important for understanding evolutionary diversification.
Article
Biology
Nils Linek, Tamara Volkmer, J. Ryan Shipley, Cornelia W. Twining, Daniel Zuniga, Martin Wikelski, Jesko Partecke
Summary: The study found that Eurasian blackbirds decrease their body temperature at night in response to decreasing ambient temperature, but not during the daytime. However, they increase their heart rate when ambient temperatures become colder in all seasons, with the temperature setpoint at which heart rate is increased differing between seasons and day/night.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biology
H. J. Williams, J. Ryan Shipley, C. Rutz, M. Wikelski, M. Wilkes, L. A. Hawkes
Summary: Ecophysiology research has been mainly conducted in controlled laboratory settings due to technological limitations in monitoring physiological parameters in wild animals. Future research directions include technological advancements, financial and ethical challenges, and the potential for collaboration with human health monitoring to advance the field of physiologging in free-ranging animals.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Cornelia W. Twining, Tarn Preet Parmar, Margaux Mathieu-Resuge, Martin J. Kainz, Jeremy Ryan Shipley, Dominik Martin-Creuzburg
Summary: This study investigated how generalist insectivores varied in their reliance on dietary n-3 LC-PUFA from emergent aquatic insects depending on factors such as dietary flexibility and distance from a lake. Results showed that riparian spiders took advantage of aquatic subsidies, while nestling birds relied on terrestrial resources, including PUFA.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
J. Ryan Shipley, Cornelia W. Twining, Margaux Mathieu-Resuge, Tarn Preet Parmar, Martin Kainz, Dominik Martin-Creuzburg, Christine Weber, David W. Winkler, Catherine H. Graham, Blake Matthews
Summary: Climate change can lead to mismatches between resource supply and consumer demand, which can have negative effects on fitness. This study found that aquatic insects reach peak biomass earlier in the season than terrestrial insects, and the availability of omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LCPUFAs) to consumers depends largely on the phenology of aquatic insect emergence. This results in nutritional phenological mismatches for consumers, as highly nutritious aquatic insects cannot be simply replaced by terrestrial insects.
Article
Ecology
Nils Linek, Pawel Brzek, Phillip Gienapp, M. Teague O'Mara, Ivan Pokrovsky, Andreas Schmidt, J. Ryan Shipley, Jan R. E. Taylor, Juha Tiainen, Tamara Volkmer, Martin Wikelski, Jesko Partecke
Summary: The study reveals that different populations of Eurasian blackbirds initiate their autumn migration on nights with high atmospheric pressure and minimal cloud cover, but fully migratory populations depart earlier, in warmer weather, and with more supportive winds. While all populations use the same environmental cues, they determine the day of departure through population-specific and locally tuned thresholds.
Editorial Material
Ecology
Walter Jetz, Grigori Tertitski, Roland Kays, Uschi Mueller, Martin Wikelski
Summary: Space-based tracking technology using low-cost miniature tags is providing fine-scale animal movement data at near-global scale. When combined with remotely sensed environmental data, it offers valuable insights into habitat integrity and connectivity for conservation and human health, creating a global network of animal sentinels for environmental change.
TRENDS IN ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Lara Keicher, J. Ryan Shipley, Ewa Komar, Ireneusz Ruczynski, Paul J. Schaeffer, Dina K. N. Dechmann
Summary: Torpor is an energy-saving strategy characterized by reduced metabolism and heart rate. This study found that European bats can exhibit this form of torpor at high body temperatures, regardless of their reproductive status.
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY B-BIOCHEMICAL SYSTEMS AND ENVIRONMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Tarn Preet Parmar, Alina L. Kindinger, Margaux Mathieu-Resuge, Cornelia W. Twining, Jeremy Ryan Shipley, Martin J. Kainz, Dominik Martin-Creuzburg
Summary: Emergent insects play a crucial role in transferring aquatic nutrients to terrestrial food webs. The differences in fatty acid profiles between aquatic and terrestrial insects have not been sufficiently explored. This study examined the fatty acid profiles of aquatic and terrestrial insects over a growing season and found distinct differences between the two groups regardless of season. Aquatic insects had high proportions of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), while terrestrial insects had high proportions of linoleic acid. These findings highlight the importance of aquatic emergence as essential subsidies for riparian predators, especially during the breeding season.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Editorial Material
Ecology
Cornelia W. Twining, J. Ryan Shipley, Blake Matthews
Summary: Climate change is causing an increase in phenological and nutritional mismatches between consumers and their resources.
TRENDS IN ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
J. Ryan Shipley, Cornelia W. Twining, Conor C. Taff, Maren N. Vitousek, David W. Winkler
Summary: Body-size reductions in male and female tree swallows are observed under climate change, driven by warmer overwintering conditions and climate conditions during spring migration.
NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Ian R. McFadden, Agnieszka Sendek, Morgane Brosse, Peter M. Bach, Marco Baity-Jesi, Janine Bolliger, Kurt Bollmann, Eckehard G. Brockerhoff, Giulia Donati, Friederike Gebert, Shyamolina Ghosh, Hsi-Cheng Ho, Imran Khaliq, J. Jelle Lever, Ivana Logar, Helen Moor, Daniel Odermatt, Loiec Pellissier, Luiz Jardim de Queiroz, Christian Rixen, Nele Schuwirth, J. Ryan Shipley, Cornelia W. Twining, Yann Vitasse, Christoph Vorburger, Mark K. L. Wong, Niklaus E. Zimmermann, Ole Seehausen, Martin M. Gossner, Blake Matthews, Catherine H. Graham, Florian Altermatt, Anita Narwani
Summary: Human impacts such as habitat loss, climate change, and biological invasions are drastically changing biodiversity. We propose an integrative approach to explain the differences in impacts between terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems by linking them to four fundamental processes that structure communities. Through this approach, we aim to provide insights into why human impacts and responses to them may differ across ecosystem types, using a mechanistic, eco-evolutionary framework.
Article
Ecology
Cornelia W. Twining, Jeremy Ryan Shipley, Marshall D. McCue, Ivan Pokrovsky, Arnaud Gregoire, Bruno Faivre, Martin Wikelski, Jesko Partecke
Summary: Seasonal migration is a demanding task for animals, and the energetic demands of migration determine the preparation undertaken by different species and populations. Birds use stored fat as fuel for their migratory flight, and certain lipids like polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) may play a crucial role in providing efficient fuel and fulfilling additional functions during long-distance migratory flight.
FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Ecology
J. Ryan Shipley, Martin M. Gossner, Andreas Rigling, Frank Krumm
Summary: Loss of insect biodiversity is a common problem, especially in forests where habitat loss is a major contributing factor. Integrated forest management should prioritize the conservation and enhancement of key habitat features that support microhabitats and resources crucial for biodiversity conservation, as well as ecosystem functions and services.
TRENDS IN ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
(2023)