Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Weibei Sheng, Qichang Wang, Haotian Qin, Siyang Cao, Yihao Wei, Jian Weng, Fei Yu, Hui Zeng
Summary: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint disease that is exacerbated by population aging, resulting in a significant economic burden. Current therapies are inadequate, but research on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) shows promise in slowing OA progression. PPARs have emerged as potential targets for effective OA treatments.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lin Peng, Huixia Yang, Yao Ye, Zhi Ma, Christina Kuhn, Martina Rahmeh, Sven Mahner, Antonis Makrigiannakis, Udo Jeschke, Viktoria von Schonfeldt
Summary: PPARs play vital roles in pregnancy, and dysfunctions of PPARs may lead to various related pregnancy diseases such as recurrent miscarriage and preeclampsia. This review discusses the impact of regulating PPARs on trophoblast physiological conditions and explores the underlying mechanisms of PPARs in controlling pregnancy-related processes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Henrique Souza-Tavares, Carolline Santos Miranda, Isabela Macedo Lopes Vasques-Monteiro, Cristian Sandoval, Daiana Araujo Santana-Oliveira, Flavia Maria Silva-Veiga, Aline Fernandes-da-Silva, Vanessa Souza-Mello
Summary: The intersection of obesity and COVID-19 has become a global concern. Obesity rates have tripled since 1975, leading to significant health costs. Adipose tissue plays a crucial role in obesity-related impairments, leading to insulin resistance and inflammation. Obesity affects the pancreas, increasing the risk of type 2 diabetes, and the liver, leading to hepatic steatosis. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) activation shows potential in managing these metabolic diseases by alleviating insulin resistance and promoting fat oxidation.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giuliana Muzio, Giuseppina Barrera, Stefania Pizzimenti
Summary: PPARs, belonging to the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily, play important roles in regulating lipid and carbohydrate metabolisms, as well as various cell functions and physiological processes. Their ability to modulate antioxidant genes expression and inhibit pro-inflammatory mediators synthesis makes them key regulators in cellular response against oxidative stress.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Bianca Seminotti, Mateus Grings, Jerry Vockley, Guilhian Leipnitz
Summary: Inherited metabolic disorders (IMDs) are genetic disorders that disrupt specific metabolic pathways, leading to biochemical, clinical, and pathophysiological consequences. Secondary mitochondrial dysfunction, particularly oxidative phosphorylation impairment and elevated reactive oxygen species, has been found to play a crucial role in many of these disorders. Peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), a group of nuclear hormone receptors, regulate various cellular functions and processes, including oxidative stress response, inflammation, lipid metabolism, and mitochondrial bioenergetics. Activation of PPARs has shown to improve oxidative phosphorylation and reduce reactive species levels, making pharmacological treatment with PPAR activators a promising approach for IMDs. This review summarizes preclinical and clinical data on the effects of PPARs in IMDs.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Shi Fang, M. Christine Livergood, Pablo Nakagawa, Jing Wu, Curt D. Sigmund
Summary: This review focuses on the mechanisms by which nuclear receptors mediate transcriptional responses, with a specific emphasis on the role of PPARγ in regulating blood pressure. Genetic and clinical trial data demonstrate the importance of PPARγ in hypertension, and the tissue- and cell-specific molecular mechanisms by which PPARs modulate blood pressure and related phenotypes are detailed. The role of placental PPARs in preeclampsia is also discussed, along with future research directions and implications for novel therapies.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Peng-Long Li, Mei Li, Zhenya Wang, Xiao-Ming Wang, Shuai-Yang Liu, Song Tian, Zhou-Xiang Wang, Xu Cheng, Yufeng Hu, Peng Zhang, Zhi-Gang She, Hailong Yang, Hongliang Li, Xiao-Jing Zhang
Summary: This study aims to identify promising drug candidates by targeting PPAR gamma for adipogenesis-based metabolic homeostasis and clarify the detailed mechanisms. Magnolol was identified as a potent adipogenesis activator by stabilizing PPAR gamma, providing a new avenue for the therapy of adipogenesis-related metabolic disorder.
Article
Plant Sciences
Haoyang Zou, Yiyao Gong, Haiqing Ye, Cuiping Yuan, Tiezhu Li, Jie Zhang, Li Ren
Summary: This study summarizes the physiological importance and clinical significance of PPARs and reviews the experimental evidence that natural products mediate metabolic syndrome via PPARs. The majority of currently described natural compounds are mild PPAR-selective agonists with therapeutic effects that are equivalent to synthetic medicines but less harmful adverse effects. Conclusion: PPAR agonists can be combined with natural products to treat and prevent metabolic syndrome.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jianjun Gao, Zhaoyan Gu
Summary: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), a type of ligand-activated transcription factor, may play an important role in the pathogenesis of kidney disease and could serve as potential therapeutic targets.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Iason Psilopatis, Kleio Vrettou, Florian Nima Fleckenstein, Stamatios Theocharis
Summary: Preeclampsia is a common hypertensive disorder in pregnancy, and PPARs play a significant role in its pathophysiology. Studies have shown contradictory conclusions regarding PPAR expression in preeclamptic placentae, but PPAR gamma agonists have been identified as a novel and potent anti-preeclamptic treatment option.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ya-Di Zhu, Xiao-Qing Guan, Jing Chen, Sheng Peng, Moshe Finel, Ying-Yuan Zhao, Rui-Min Wang, Hui-Chang Bi, Ming Lei, Dan-Dan Wang, Guang-Bo Ge
Summary: NBIF is identified as a potent natural inducer of UGT1A1, mainly activating and up-regulating PPAR alpha and PPAR gamma to induce UGT1A1 expression. This finding suggests that NBIF could be a promising lead compound for the development of more efficacious UGT1A1 inducers to treat hyperbilirubinaemia and UGT1A1-associated drug toxicities.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Iason Psilopatis, Kleio Vrettou, Constantinos Troungos, Stamatios Theocharis
Summary: Endometrial carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor of the female genital tract in the United States. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are nuclear receptor proteins which regulate gene expression. In our literature review of 27 relevant studies published between 2000 and 2023, it was found that PPAR alpha and PPAR beta/delta isoforms were upregulated in endometrial cancer cells, while PPAR gamma levels were significantly lower. Interestingly, PPAR agonists were found to be potent anti-cancer therapeutic alternatives. Overall, PPARs seem to play a significant role in endometrial cancer.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Paulina Escandon, Brenda Vasini, Amy E. Whelchel, Sarah E. Nicholas, H. Greg Matlock, Jian-Xing Ma, Dimitrios Karamichos
Summary: PPARs are a family of nuclear receptors that play essential roles in modulating cell differentiation, inflammation, and metabolism, and have been linked to various eye diseases. Studies have shown different subtypes of PPARs have varying effects on ocular homeostasis and potential therapeutic implications for eye diseases, highlighting the need for further research on their role in ocular pathologies.
EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Nasim Dana, Gordon A. Ferns, Reza Nedaeinia, Shaghayegh Haghjooy Javanmard
Summary: Obesity affects tumor development and interacts with leptin and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors. Studies have shown an association between obesity and various types of cancer, including breast cancer.
CLINICAL & TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xi Chen, Zhiqiang Ma, Peng Chen, Xiuli Song, Weihua Li, Xuefeng Yu, Junhui Xie
Summary: A Chinese FPLD3 patient with a novel PPARG gene mutation is described in this article. This case emphasizes the importance of physical examination and genetic testing in young patients with severe metabolic syndromes.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
