期刊
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
卷 219, 期 12, 页码 1866-1874出版社
COMPANY OF BIOLOGISTS LTD
DOI: 10.1242/jeb.131482
关键词
Airflow; Ethmoturbinal; Histology; Maxilloturbinal; Respiratory physiology
类别
资金
- National Institutes of Health-National Institute on Deafness and other Communication Disorders [P30DC011735]
- National Science Foundation [IOS-0517748, IOS-1119768, IOS-1118852, IOS-1120375]
- National Institutes of Health [P40-OD010939]
- Direct For Biological Sciences [1457106] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Direct For Biological Sciences
- Division Of Integrative Organismal Systems [1119768] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Directorate For Geosciences
- Division Of Earth Sciences [1561622] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Division Of Integrative Organismal Systems [1457106] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
The surface area of the maxilloturbinals and fronto-ethmoturbinals is commonly used as an osteological proxy for the respiratory and the olfactory epithelium, respectively. However, this assumption does not fully account for animals with short snouts in which these two turbinal structures significantly overlap, potentially placing fronto-ethmoturbinals in the path of respiratory airflow. In these species, it is possible that anterior fronto-ethmoturbinals are covered with non-sensory (respiratory) epithelium instead of olfactory epithelium. In this study, we analyzed the distribution of olfactory and non-sensory, respiratory epithelia on the turbinals of two domestic cats (Felis catus) and a bobcat (Lynx rufus). We also conducted a computational fluid dynamics simulation of nasal airflow in the bobcat to explore the relationship between epithelial distribution and airflow patterns. The results showed that a substantial amount of respiratory airflow passes over the anterior fronto-ethmoturbinals, and that contrary to what has been observed in caniform carnivorans, much of the anterior ethmoturbinals are covered by non-sensory epithelium. This confirms that in short-snouted felids, portions of the fronto-ethmoturbinals have been recruited for respiration, and that estimates of olfactory epithelial coverage based purely on fronto-ethmoturbinal surface area will be exaggerated. The correlation between the shape of the anterior fronto-ethmoturbinals and the direction of respiratory airflow suggests that in short-snouted species, CT data alone are useful in assessing airflowpatterns and epithelium distribution on the turbinals.
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