Review
Neurosciences
Khaled Ghandour, Kaoru Inokuchi
Summary: Recent studies have shown that neuronal activities during sleep play a crucial role in memory consolidation. Sleep is now understood to be an active process that helps with memory updating, future imaginations, decision-making, and problem-solving.
NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Business
Jan-Michael Ross, Toby X. Li, Ashton Hawk, Jeffrey J. Reuer
Summary: Why do some firms continue operations in unfavorable economic conditions? This study explores the concept of temporary suspensions of operations and their impact on existing capabilities. The research argues that idling resources leads to capability erosion, and the anticipated loss of capabilities motivates firms to avoid resource idling in the first place. Uncertainty has a stronger negative effect on resource idling for firms with superior capabilities and a higher reliance on human capital.
ACADEMY OF MANAGEMENT JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jiseok Lee, Joanna Urban-Ciecko, Eunsol Park, Mo Zhu, Stephanie E. Myal, David J. Margolis, Alison L. Barth
Summary: The expression of immediate-early genes (IEGs) has been utilized to pinpoint small neural ensembles associated with specific experiences, however, in whisker-dependent sensory association learning, the training effect on IEG-marked neurons is not detectable. Synaptic strengthening in response to training is concentrated in non-IEG marked neurons in the primary somatosensory cortex.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Serena Reverberi, Nina R. Dolfen, Anke Van Roy, Genevieve Albouy, Bradley King
Summary: The study shows that new information is learned more rapidly when it is compatible with previous knowledge. Sleep plays an important role in memory consolidation, but it does not specifically benefit the integration of novel motor information into cognitive-motor schemas.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tao Xia, Ziqing Yao, Xue Guo, Jing Liu, Danni Chen, Qiang Liu, Ken A. Paller, Xiaoqing Hu
Summary: Post-learning sleep can contribute to memory consolidation, and this study aimed to determine if sleep could be used to modify or update emotional memories. The researchers found that using positive words during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep reduced negative affective judgments of aversive events in post-sleep tests. Electroencephalogram (EEG) analyses showed that positive words modulated theta and spindle/sigma activity, and the success of affective updating was enhanced when positive words coincided with the up phase of slow oscillations during NREM sleep. These findings suggest the potential for modifying unwanted memories during sleep without consciously confronting them.
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Omid Miry, Jie Li, Lu Chen
Summary: This review summarizes theories and experimental evidence on hippocampal memory engram formation and function, discussing the latest advances in the field and highlighting the mechanisms of engram allocation. Unanswered questions for future investigations are identified to achieve a more comprehensive understanding of memory formation and retrieval.
FRONTIERS IN BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Chao Zhang, Yiqiao Liao, Siqi Han, Milin Zhang, Zhihua Wang, Xiang Xie
Summary: This study proposes a MCMD-based knowledge distillation algorithm for sleep staging using single-channel EEG. The algorithm learns knowledge from different domains and channels simultaneously. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm achieves significant improvement in single-channel sleep staging accuracy.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS II-EXPRESS BRIEFS
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Nicoleta Prutean, Elisa Martin-Arevalo, Alicia Leiva, Luis Jimenez, Antonino Vallesi, Juan Lupianez
Summary: Implicit learning refers to the acquisition and expression of knowledge without full awareness of its contents. Implicit sequence learning is a useful paradigm to investigate these processes, where participants learn sequences without explicit instruction. Results suggest that control networks involving the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and cingulate structures play a role in implicit learning expression, but inhibiting top-down control did not affect this expression as expected.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Somayeh Ataei, Eni Simo, Mathijs Bergers, Sarah F. Schoch, Nikolai Axmacher, Martin Dresler
Summary: This review provides a comprehensive overview of the history of sleep learning research conducted in humans, synthesizing the findings from 51 research papers. The results suggest that simpler forms of learning, such as habituation and conditioning, may be possible during sleep, while the findings for more complex, applied learning are more divergent. Behavioral evidence for the transfer of new knowledge to wake remains inconclusive, although neural markers often indicate processing and learning during sleep.
SLEEP MEDICINE REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
David Stevens, Celeste W. Y. Leong, Helena Cheung, Joanne Arciuli, Andrew Vakulin, Jong-Won Kim, Hannah D. Openshaw, Caroline D. Rae, Keith K. H. Wong, Derk-Jan Dijk, Josiah Wei Siong Leow, Bandana Saini, Ronald R. Grunstein, Angela L. D'Rozario
Summary: This study examined the relationship between overnight consolidation of implicit statistical learning with spindle frequency EEG activity and slow frequency delta power during NREM sleep in OSA patients. The findings suggest that spindle activity may serve as a marker of statistical learning capability in OSA patients, while delta power and OSA severity were not significantly correlated with statistical learning.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Christopher R. Madan, Anthony Singhal
Summary: The study found that explicit knowledge performed best in a single modality, while implicit knowledge performed best when all three modalities were involved in learning sensorimotor tasks.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Alexandra Schurz
Summary: This study administered tests to English learners in Austria and Sweden, and found that the specificities of the learning environment are potentially important in interpreting learner achievement on measures of implicit versus explicit knowledge.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Youri G. Bolsius, Pim R. A. Heckman, Camilla Paraciani, Sophia Wilhelm, Frank Raven, Elroy L. Meijer, Martien J. H. Kas, Steve Ramirez, Peter Meerlo, Robbert Havekes
Summary: Sleep deprivation impairs hippocampal memory processes and can cause amnesia, but it does not necessarily lead to memory loss. Instead, it results in suboptimal storage of information that cannot be retrieved without drug treatment or optogenetic stimulation.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Yue Lu, Kang He, Haoran Xu, Yusen Dong, Wei Han, Lizhe Wang, Dong Liang
Summary: Soil elements are different types of soils with unique characteristics that are important for agriculture, ecological environment, and land permeability assessment. This study proposes a soil interpretation framework coupling implicit knowledge with a multispectral image (SIFCIM) to improve the accuracy of intelligent soil interpretation. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms interpretation methods with a single remote-sensing image, achieving significant improvements in overall pixel accuracy (oPA) and mean intersection over union (mIoU).
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Bin Xia, Yapeng Tian, Yulun Zhang, Yucheng Hang, Wenming Yang, Qingmin Liao
Summary: Blind Super Resolution (SR) aims to generate high-resolution (HR) images from low-resolution (LR) input images without knowledge of the degradations. The majority of blind SR methods introduce degradation estimators to help adjust to unknown degradation scenarios. However, it is impractical to provide concrete labels for all combinations of degradations, and specific designs hinder generalization. Therefore, an implicit degradation estimator is proposed to extract discriminative degradation representations without the supervision of ground-truth degradation. Extensive experiments demonstrate the superiority of the proposed Meta-Learning based Region Degradation Aware SR Network (MRDA) in various degradation settings.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON IMAGE PROCESSING
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Akinobu Suzuki, Sakurako Kosugi, Emi Murayama, Eri Sasakawa, Noriaki Ohkawa, Ayumu Konno, Hirokazu Hirai, Kaoru Inokuchi
Summary: Animals refer to past experiences when processing current sensory inputs, and update previous memories through neural networks. This study reveals that a cellular ensemble in the posterior parietal cortex of mice interacts with the anterior cingulate cortex through a circuit to update memory by incorporating past and current information.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Ali Choucry, Khaled Ghandour, Kaoru Inokuchi
Summary: This article investigates a specific neuromodulatory circuit in the hippocampus that is involved in contextual memory linking, but not formation.
Article
Biology
Maha E. Wally, Masanori Nomoto, Kareem Abdou, Emi Murayama, Kaoru Inokuchi
Summary: Short-term memory (STM) can be optogenetically retrieved at a time point when natural recall is not possible, revealing the long-term existence of an STM engram. Re-training leads to natural long-term recall, indicating facilitated consolidation. Protein synthesis, NMDAR activity, and NREM sleep play important roles in the long-term storage of an STM trace.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Masanori Nomoto, Emi Murayama, Shuntaro Ohno, Reiko Okubo-Suzuki, Shin-ichi Muramatsu, Kaoru Inokuchi
Summary: The hippocampus utilizes reverberatory activity to link conditioned and unconditioned stimuli and avoid interference during sensory inputs. It is still unknown how the hippocampus executes these processes simultaneously during learning.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Masanori Nomoto, Noriaki Ohkawa, Kaoru Inokuchi, Naoya Oishi
Summary: This study found that NRs in the hippocampal CA3 are crucial for supporting hippocampal functions, such as pattern completion and reverberatory association of sensory inputs. Previous research showed that synchronous activation of distinct cell populations in CA3 could result in the artificial association of independent events, indicating the role of NRs in mediating memory event association in CA3. However, it is still unclear whether NRs in CA3 are essential for the artificial association of memory events stored in CA3 ensembles.
Article
Biology
Akiyo Kameyama, Hirotaka Asai, Masanori Nomoto, Shuntaro Ohno, Khaled Ghandour, Noriaki Ohkawa, Yoshito Saitoh, Mitsuaki Yamazaki, Kaoru Inokuchi
Summary: General anesthesia can cause retrograde amnesia by suppressing neuronal ensemble activity in the hippocampus. In the experiments, sevoflurane treatment impaired memory and prevented neural activity in the CA1 region. Further analysis revealed a reduction in the reactivation of neuronal ensembles caused by sevoflurane treatment.
Correction
Neurosciences
Masanori Nomoto, Noriaki Ohkawa, Kaoru Inokuchi, Naoya Oishi
