Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Masao Nakamura, Takumi Matsuzaki, Ami Iimori, Atsushi Sato
Summary: This study found that human lactoferrin (hLF) can bind to chondroitin sulfate (CS)-E, a subtype of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) associated with various neurodegenerative diseases. The alpha-helical content of hLF increased in the presence of CS-C, CS-D, or CS-E, indicating a structural change in the N-lobe region. Additionally, the thermal stability of the N-lobe improved in a dose-dependent manner in the presence of CS-E.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Carla Martin, Helena Ordiales, Francisco Vazquez, Marta Pevida, David Rodriguez, Jesus Merayo, Fernando Vazquez, Beatriz Garcia, Luis M. Quiros
Summary: This study found that cell surface glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are involved in the adhesion of acne-related bacteria to skin cells, with different bacteria affecting different cell types. Bacterial adherence also led to changes in gene expression in skin cells, affecting the structure of GAG chains.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Gabor Toth, Domonkos Pal, Simon Sugar, Ilona Kovalszky, Katalin Dezso, Gitta Schlosser, Laszlo Drahos, Lilla Turiak
Summary: This study investigated the content and sulfation pattern of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and heparan sulfate (HS) in human hepatocellular carcinoma and cirrhotic liver tissues, considering the etiology of the diseases. Major differences were observed in the total abundance and sulfation pattern of CS and HS chains, providing important insights into the molecular mechanisms of chronic liver diseases.
ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Review
Polymer Science
Qingchi Wang, Lianli Chi
Summary: This review investigates the structural alterations and roles of GAGs/PGs in various diseases, and discusses their potential in disease diagnosis, monitoring, prognosis, and drug development.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anastasia V. Strokotova, Elvira V. Grigorieva
Summary: Glucocorticoids are commonly used to treat various diseases but can cause side effects. Recent studies suggest that the toxic effects of glucocorticoids on key extracellular components in the brain may be an underlying mechanism for these side effects.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tomoko Watanabe, Ko Takeda, Keiko Hiemori, Toshikazu Minamisawa, Hiroaki Tateno
Summary: This study revealed that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds to both heparin/HS and chondroitin sulfate E, and analyzed the specificity of each subunit of the S protein. Moreover, chondroitin sulfate E may serve as an alternative attachment factor for HS in SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sampada P. Mutalik, Stephanie L. Gupton
Summary: Research reveals that axonal pathfinding involves multiple guidance molecules and signaling mechanisms, with dynamic transitions between attractive and repulsive cues. The differential expression of receptors and spatial distribution of guidance cues are key mechanisms diversifying axonal guidance responses.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Weili Wang, Hui Mao, Sujuan Li, Longlong Zhang, Lian Yang, Ronghua Yin, Jinhua Zhao
Summary: The fucosylated chondroitin sulfate (FCS) from sea cucumber Acaudina molpadioides (FCSAm) has been found to exhibit activity in promoting neurite outgrowth. The precise structure of FCSAm, consisting of sulfated fucose branches and sulfated chondroitin sulfate backbone, was determined through NMR and MS analyses. It was discovered that FCSAm and its depolymerized derivatives could enhance neurite outgrowth in a chain length-dependent manner.
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Shuji Mizumoto, Shuhei Yamada
Summary: GAGs and proteoglycans play essential roles in constructing the extracellular matrix, tissue development, and cell signaling. Defects in GAGs and core proteins of proteoglycans may lead to various diseases, including skeletal disorders, heart and kidney defects. Further research is needed on congenital disorders associated with defects in GAG biosynthetic enzymes and core proteins of proteoglycans.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Mausam Kalita, Javier Villanueva-Meyer, Yuki Ohkawa, Chakrapani Kalyanaraman, Katharine Chen, Esraa Mohamed, Matthew F. L. Parker, Matthew P. Jacobson, Joanna J. Phillips, Michael J. Evans, David M. Wilson
Summary: Aberrant biosynthesis of GAGs in glioma contributes to malignant growth, and disrupting GAGs with small molecule inhibitors shows potential therapeutic benefits in blocking rogue signaling and proliferation in glioblastoma.
MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shuhei Yamada, Shuji Mizumoto
Summary: This study characterized the properties of HYAL4 and found that it is a specific CS endoglycosidase. It is ubiquitously expressed in various organs in mice and is involved in the intracellular catabolism of CS.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
John R. Couchman
Summary: Cell surface proteoglycans, such as syndecans, play crucial roles in regulating cell behavior, including interactions with extracellular matrix components and mediating proliferation, adhesion, and migration. In tumors, changes in the levels and distribution of syndecan-1 can have implications for prognosis, with loss of membrane staining and abnormal cytoplasmic or nuclear staining often indicating poor outcomes. Targeting syndecan-1 with antibody-toxin conjugates may hold promise for clinical applications in both myeloma and some carcinomas.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Yi-Fan Huang, Shuji Mizumoto, Morihisa Fujita
Summary: The study developed a comprehensive glycosylation mapping tool, GlycoMaple, and analyzed the expression levels of GAG biosynthetic genes in various human tissues and tumor tissues using this tool.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Gabor Toth, Simon Sugar, Domonkos Pal, Kata Dorina Fugedi, Laszlo Drahos, Gitta Schlosser, Csilla Olah, Henning Reis, Ilona Kovalszky, Tibor Szarvas, Lilla Turiak
Summary: This study investigated the differences in glycosaminoglycan disaccharides between patients with prostate cancer and benign prostate hyperplasia. The study found that the sulfation of chondroitin sulfate chains and the levels of doubly and triply sulfated heparan sulfate disaccharides were significantly different between the two groups. These disaccharides were found to be independent biomarkers for survival.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Shoichi Onishi, Kento Shionoya, Kazuki Sato, Ayumu Mubuchi, Shiori Maruyama, Tadaaki Nakajima, Masahiro Komeno, Shinji Miyata, Kazumi Yoshizawa, Takeshi Wada, Robert J. Linhardt, Toshihiko Toida, Kyohei Higashi
Summary: The study investigates the glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) derived from marine organisms and finds that marine invertebrates, especially Bivalvia, are rich sources of highly sulfated or branched GAGs. A novel fucosylated heparan sulfate (Fuc-HS) is identified from the midgut gland of the Japanese scallop, Patinopecten yessoensis. Scallop HS exhibits resistance to GAG-degrading enzymes and shows anti-coagulant and neurite outgrowth-promoting activities. These findings suggest that the midgut gland of scallops is a valuable source of biologically active Fuc-HS.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Naoya Seino, Emi Omori, Kosuke Kusamori, Shin'ichi Miyamoto, Yuto Nagasaki, Kyohei Higashi, Yutaka Yamase, Makiya Nishikawa
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mina Takechi, Kenzi Oshima, Daita Nadano, Hiroshi Kitagawa, Tsukasa Matsuda, Shinji Miyata
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENERAL SUBJECTS
(2020)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kyohei Higashi
TRENDS IN GLYCOSCIENCE AND GLYCOTECHNOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Masaki Kobayashi, Hiromine Yasukawa, Tomoya Arikawa, Yusuke Deguchi, Natsumi Mizushima, Misako Sakurai, Shoichi Onishi, Ryoma Tagawa, Yuka Sudo, Naoyuki Okita, Kyohei Higashi, Yoshikazu Higami
Summary: Trehalose can increase SQSTM1 levels in adipocytes, enhance antioxidative capacity, elevate transcription of lysosomal genes, and reduce cellular reactive oxygen species levels, suggesting its potential for preventing or treating obesity-related pathology.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kei Sugitani, Diana Egorova, Shuji Mizumoto, Shunsuke Nishio, Shuhei Yamada, Hiroshi Kitagawa, Kenzi Oshima, Daita Nadano, Tsukasa Matsuda, Shinji Miyata
Summary: The study found that the solubility and amount of hyaluronan (HA) increased in the brain with age, and the solubility of aggrecan was selectively elevated during aging. Despite no marked changes in the expression of PNN components at the transcript level, the degradation of high-molecular-mass HA induced the release of the HA-aggrecan complex from PNNs in the aged brain.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENERAL SUBJECTS
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yuto Nagasaki, Misato Abe, Shoichi Onishi, Yusuke Okamoto, Toshihiko Toida, Kyohei Higashi
Summary: Honeybee larvae are recognized as nutrient-rich food, and the high molecular weight glycogen extracted from them has immunomodulatory activity, leading to increased production of TNF-α and IL-6 in cells, indicating its potential application as a functional food ingredient.
BIOLOGICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shinji Miyata
Summary: The extracellular matrix of the central nervous system primarily consists of hyaluronan and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans. Recent advances in understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying ECM organization and remodeling during CNS development, maturation, and aging have been reviewed. Different stages of ECM play crucial roles in neural developmental processes and the transition from juvenile to adult neural circuits, with evidence suggesting that age-dependent degradation of ECM molecules may contribute to decline in brain function.
TRENDS IN GLYCOSCIENCE AND GLYCOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Yuko Nitahara-Kasahara, Shuji Mizumoto, Yukiko U. Inoue, Shota Saka, Guillermo Posadas-Herrera, Aki Nakamura-Takahashi, Yuki Takahashi, Ayana Hashimoto, Kohei Konishi, Shinji Miyata, Chiaki Masuda, Emi Matsumoto, Yasunobu Maruoka, Takahiro Yoshizawa, Toshiki Tanase, Takayoshi Inoue, Shuhei Yamada, Yoshihiro Nomura, Shin'ichi Takeda, Atsushi Watanabe, Tomoki Kosho, Takashi Okada
Summary: Researchers generated mouse models for musculocontractural Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (mcEDS) through CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing, revealing pathophysiological features such as growth impairment, skin fragility, and muscle-related phenotypes caused by depletion of dermatan sulfate (DS). This study provides insights into the pathophysiology of mcEDS and may contribute to the development of novel treatment strategies.
DISEASE MODELS & MECHANISMS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Keiko Nakanishi, Kyohei Higashi, Toshihiko Toida, Masato Asai
Summary: Chondroitin sulfate and its isomeric variant, dermatan sulfate, play important roles in umbilical cord blood cells and may be involved in stem cell proliferation and differentiation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kento Shionoya, Takehiro Suzuki, Mako Takada, Kazuki Sato, Shoichi Onishi, Naoshi Dohmae, Koichiro Nishino, Takeshi Wada, Robert J. Linhardt, Toshihiko Toida, Kyohei Higashi
Summary: This study conducted a comprehensive analysis of cartilage in the heads of 10 bony fishes, including sturgeon and salmon. The results revealed that the structure of chondroitin sulfate (CS) in sturgeons and salmon differed from other bony fishes, and aggrecan was identified as the major core protein in all bony fish head cartilage.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Ayana Hashimoto, Takuya Hirose, Kohei Hashimoto, Shuji Mizumoto, Yuko Nitahara-Kasahara, Shota Saka, Takahiro Yoshizawa, Takashi Okada, Shuhei Yamada, Tomoki Kosho, Takafumi Watanabe, Shinji Miyata, Yoshihiro Nomura
Summary: Loss-of-function mutations in carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 (CHST14) lead to musculocontractural Ehlers-Danlos syndrome-CHST14 (mcEDS-CHST14), which is characterized by multiple congenital malformations and progressive connective tissue fragility-related symptoms. In this study, we established in vitro models to replicate the pathological processes of mcEDS-CHST14, aiming to better understand its underlying mechanisms. Our findings revealed impaired fibrillar organization and reduced mechanical strength in mcEDS-CHST14-mimicking collagen gels. Additionally, the addition of decorin from mcEDS-CHST14 patients and Chst14(-/-) mice disrupted collagen fibril assembly in vitro. These in vitro models provide valuable insights into the pathomechanisms of mcEDS-CHST14.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tomoki Shiratori, Satoru Goto, Tomoyo Sakaguchi, Takahiro Kasai, Yuta Otsuka, Kyohei Higashi, Kosho Makino, Hideyo Takahashi, Kazushi Komatsu
Summary: The study reveals that amyloid fibril formation occurs in specific environments, and conformational interconversion induced by heat treatment does not occur in dissolved fluid.
BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Satomi Nadanaka, Shinji Miyata, Bai Yaqiang, Jun-ichi Tamura, Osami Habuchi, Hiroshi Kitagawa
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Soojung Hahn, Gyuri Kim, Sang-Man Jin, Jae Hyeon Kim
Summary: This study utilized three-dimensional intestinal organoids to investigate the effects of metformin on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and found that metformin can enhance intestinal barrier function and reduce levels of inflammatory cytokines.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
V. V. Sudarev, M. S. Gette, S. V. Bazhenov, O. M. Tilinova, E. V. Zinovev, I. V. Manukhov, A. I. Kuklin, Yu. L. Ryzhykau, A. V. Vlasov
Summary: This study investigated the self-assembly processes of ferritin-based protein complexes and obtained structurally characterized oligomeric states. These results provide new potential and opportunities for the application of ferritin in various fields.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yalda Sabaghi, Farnaz Pourfarzad, Leila Zolghadr, Azita Bahrami, Tahereh Shojazadeh, Alireza Farasat, Nematollah Gheibi
Summary: p-Coumaric acid (p-CA) is a plant compound with anti-cancer activities. This study designed a nano-liposomal carrier containing p-CA to enhance its effectiveness against melanoma cells. The findings showed that the liposomal form of p-CA had a greater impact on the cells. Kinetic modeling indicated that the best fitting model was zero-order.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
M. D. Nazmul Hasan, Md Mahfuzur Rahman, Al Asmaul Husna, Nobuhiro Nozaki, Osamu Yamato, Naoki Miura
Summary: This study investigated the expression of ncRNAs other than miRNAs in different histologic subtypes of canine mammary gland tumors (MGT). Three aberrantly expressed ncRNAs were identified as potential biomarkers for differentiating MGT subtypes. YRNA and tRFs expression levels were found to be decreased in metastatic compared to primary MGT cell lines.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Seine A. Shintani
Summary: In this study, the researchers used signal analysis to study the instantaneous amplitude and phase of sarcomeric oscillations in skeletal muscle. They identified two types of oscillations, sarcomeric oscillations and sarcosynced oscillations, and visualized their behavior during propagating waves. The researchers discovered the presence of sarcomeric defect holes and sarcomeric collision holes, which are important indicators for understanding the oscillation properties of sarcomeres. This finding has important implications for improving our understanding of muscle function and its regulatory mechanisms.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shuanglin Zhang, Yuzhong Jia, Guolan Ma, Yanyan Yang, Zhenzhen Cao, Antao Luo, Zefu Zhang, Shihan Li, Jie Wen, Hanfeng Liu, Jihua Ma
Summary: Bupleurum is an antiarrhythmic agent that may exert its effects by inhibiting L-type calcium channels.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tomotaka Ohkubo, Yasuhiko Matsumoto, Hiroaki Sasaki, Kaoru Kinoshita, Yuki Ogasawara, Takashi Sugita
Summary: This study found that Citrobacter koseri inhibits the growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis, disrupting the balance between S. epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus, and exacerbating inflammation in atopic dermatitis.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Toshifumi Asano, Philipp Sasse, Takao Nakata
Summary: A Cre recombination-based fluorescent reporter system was developed to monitor cell-cell fusion. The system successfully detected the formation of multinuclear myotubes and placental syncytiotrophoblast. This tool could facilitate the study of cell-to-cell fusion.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ke Shi, Yunlong Shan, Xiao Sun, Kuida Chen, Qiong Luo, Qiang Xu
Summary: This study found that low expression of TP53INP2 is associated with poor survival in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. As the malignancy of CRC progresses, TP53INP2 expression gradually decreases. Knockdown of TP53INP2 promotes CRC cell proliferation and tumor growth. Mechanistically, TP53INP2 deficiency decreases phosphorylation of beta-catenin, leading to increased accumulation and enhanced nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity. Additionally, TP53INP2 sequesters TIM50, inhibiting its activation of beta-catenin. In conclusion, downregulation of TP53INP2 promotes CRC progression by activating beta-catenin.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Martina Rossi, Fabio Tomaselli, Alejandro Hochkoeppler
Summary: Oligomeric enzymes are known for their higher catalytic rates compared to monomeric enzymes, but the extent of additivity in their activity is still not well understood. This study used tetrameric rabbit lactate dehydrogenase as a model to examine the kinetics of its catalytic action. Surprisingly, when the concentration of the limiting reactant exceeded that of a single subunit, there was a significant slowdown in the enzyme's conformational rearrangements.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amin Sahraei, Mohammad Javad Shamsoddini, Fakhrossadat Mohammadi, Leila Hassani
Summary: This study explored the inhibitory effects of gallium curcumin, indium curcumin, and vanadyl curcumin on the amyloid fibrillation of hen egg white lysozyme, as well as the binding interactions of these metal complexes with the enzyme. The results showed that indium curcumin and vanadyl curcumin exhibited higher binding affinities and stronger inhibitory effects on amyloid fibrillation compared to gallium curcumin.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Takahiro Sasaki, Yoshiki Kuse, Shinsuke Nakamura, Masamitsu Shimazawa
Summary: PGRN deficiency plays a significant role in cardiac remodeling and arrhythmias post-myocardial infarction (MI), potentially by promoting metabolic abnormalities in macrophages.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hongwei Zhao, Yiqiang Li, Yibo Zhang, Chi Zhang
Summary: Electrical brain stimulation technology is commonly used to treat brain neurological disorders, but it can cause side effects. This study investigated the impact of electric fields on nerve fibers and revealed the possible origin of side effects. The findings provide guidance for selecting electrical parameters in clinical stimulation therapy.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Julia S. Scott, Lake-Ee Quek, Andrew J. Hoy, Johannes V. Swinnen, Zeyad D. Nassar, Lisa M. Butler
Summary: The fatty acid elongation enzyme ELOVL5 plays a critical role in promoting metastasis in prostate cancer. Knocking down ELOVL5 leads to the accumulation of malonyl-CoA, which inhibits fatty acid oxidation in mitochondria. This study highlights the importance of fatty acid elongation in regulating cell viability and provides a potential target for prostate cancer treatment.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zan Zhou, Wen-jun Jiang, Li Li, Jun-qiang Si
Summary: This study investigates the effect of noise exposure on cognitive function in mice and explores the underlying molecular mechanisms. The findings suggest that noise exposure leads to increased inflammation, increased phosphorylation of Tau protein, and decreased levels of postsynaptic density protein, resulting in cognitive impairment.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)