Broadband and Programmable Amplitude-Phase-Joint-Coding Information Metasurface

Information metasurfaces have attracted much attention in recent years due to the capability to link the physical world and information science. However, most of the current information metasurfaces are either phase-only coding or amplitude-only coding, limiting their functions and applications. Here, a broadband and programmable amplitude-phase-jointcoding (APJC) information metasurface is proposed and experimentally demonstrated, from which the phase and amplitude of reflected electromagnetic waves can be independently controlled by adjusting the bias voltage of PIN diode integrated in the metaatom. In particular, the reflection amplitude can be continuously controlled from 0.1 to 0.9, and the reflection phase can be switched between two states with about 180 degrees phase difference. Thus, the proposed metasurface is capable of realizing independent 1-bit or multibit amplitude coding and 1-bit phase coding, and both of them can be reprogrammed in real time in broad band from 8 to 13 GHz. The abilities of the programmable APJC information metasurface in manipulating the electromagnetic waves are demonstrated by both numerical simulations and experiments, including to suppress the sidelobes of scattering beam, generate the diffractive waves with arbitrary magnitudes, and so on. These results show unique advantages of APJC information metasurface in real-time independent controls of energy allocation and wavefront tailoring of the electromagnetic waves in a wide frequency band.

Automated summary

This paper proposes a broadband and programmable amplitude-phase-jointcoding (APJC) information metasurface. By adjusting the bias voltage of the PIN diode integrated in the metaatom, the phase and amplitude of reflected electromagnetic waves can be independently controlled. The metasurface has the ability to independently control the energy allocation and wavefront tailoring of electromagnetic waves, and can be reprogrammed in real-time within a certain frequency range.