Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Ben Kirk, Ebrahim Bani Hassan, Sharon Brennan-Olsen, Sara Vogrin, Stefanie Bird, Jesse Zanker, Steven Phu, Jarrod D. Meerkin, Steven B. Heymsfield, Gustavo Duque
Summary: This study established reference ranges for LM and FM parameters from Hologic DXA machines in Australia, finding that LM indicators remained stable until age 50 then declined, while FM indicators progressively increased with age in both men and women.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Inge A. L. P. van Beijsterveldt, Manouk van der Steen, Kirsten S. de Fluiter, Sander A. M. J. Spaans, Anita C. S. Hokken-Koelega
Summary: Childhood obesity is a global public health threat, and this study provides sex-specific reference values and charts for body composition and bone mineral density in children aged 2-5 years.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Fiorella Palmas, Andreea Ciudin, Raul Guerra, Daniel Eiroa, Carina Espinet, Nuria Roson, Rosa Burgos, Rafael Simo
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the accuracy of a new method that combines CT imaging data with automatic software and artificial intelligence to estimate body composition in patients with obesity. The results show that this new method has high accuracy in estimating body composition in obese patients.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Aline Alves Lopes, Luciano Albuquerque, Mayara Fontes, Daniella Rego, Francisco Bandeira
Summary: This study aims to evaluate body composition and its relationship with hormonal control in acromegaly, comparing the effectiveness of Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) with dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), which is commonly used in current studies. The results show that there were no significant differences in body composition between patients with controlled and active disease. In patients with adequate hormonal control, there was preservation of muscle mass and a lower prevalence of metabolic comorbidities, such as type 2 diabetes (T2D) and high blood pressure (HBP).
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Peijun Zhu, An Li, Qingqing Cai, Yuntao Chen, Yang Liu, Harriet Jager-Wittenaar, Geerten-Has E. Tjakkes, Shulan Xu
Summary: This study aimed to determine the sex differences in the association between DXA-measured body composition and phenotypes with periodontitis. The study found that women with higher BMI, higher body fat mass, and the high adiposity-low muscle phenotype were more likely to develop periodontitis, while no significant associations were found in men.
JOURNAL OF PERIODONTOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
C. Kasper, P. Schlegel, I. Ruiz-Ascacibar, P. Stoll, G. Bee
Summary: Studies in animal science show that DXA measurements may not perfectly match dissections or chemical analyses, requiring calibration equations. Predictions related to body composition and single nutrient content in pigs show promising results, with potential for creating generic regression equations that yield reliable estimates. DXA could be a useful tool for high-throughput phenotyping in genetic studies, efficiently measuring body composition in a wide range of animals.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hongbo Dong, Yinkun Yan, Junting Liu, Hong Cheng, Xiaoyuan Zhao, Xinying Shan, Guimin Huang, Jie Mi
Summary: This study provided sex-and age-specific body fat reference centiles for Chinese children and adolescents using DXA. Different trends were observed in body fat development and distribution between genders and age groups. The proposed body fat references were lower than the US values but similar to Korean values.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Rheumatology
Shiyi Yang, Cheng Luo, Wei Zheng, Xue Li, Xu Zhang, Ying Jiang, Fei Xiao
Summary: This study used DXA to evaluate the body composition and changes in patients with newly diagnosed idiopathic inflammatory myopathies. The results showed that DXA lean tissue mass (LTM) was significantly correlated with clinical parameters and could serve as a method for evaluating and monitoring the disease.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Bin Guo, Qijun Cai, Jinci Mai, Lu Hou, Chunyuan Zeng, Jiefeng Gan, Zhiqiang Tan, Yuefeng Li, Yong Cheng, Jingjie Shang, Yongjin Tang, Xueying Ling, Jian Gong, Lu Wang, Hao Xu
Summary: The study investigated the precision of DXA detection in cynomolgus monkeys and identified the difference in precision in lumbar bone mineral density with various segment selections. Results showed excellent reproducibility of DXA measurements in nonhuman primates, making it a reliable tool for total and regional measurement in skeletal research and evaluation of osteoporosis treatment with monkeys as animal models.
QUANTITATIVE IMAGING IN MEDICINE AND SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Giacomo Buso, Lucie Favre, Nathalie Vionnet, Elena Gonzalez-Rodriguez, Didier Hans, Jardena Jacqueline Puder, Celine Dubath, Chin-Bin Eap, Wassim Raffoul, Tinh-Hai Collet, Lucia Mazzolai
Summary: This study aimed to investigate regional body composition by DXA in patients with lipedema and healthy controls, and to determine cut-off values of FM indices for diagnosis and staging. The results showed significant differences in FM distribution indices between groups, with the leg FM/total FM ratio being a potentially useful indicator of lipedema.
Article
Physiology
Stephen A. Foulis, Karl E. Friedl, Barry A. Spiering, Leila A. Walker, Katelyn I. Guerriere, Vincent P. Pecorelli, David J. Zeppetelli, Marinaliz C. Reynoso, Kathryn M. Taylor, Julie M. Hughes
Summary: In 1981, the US military implemented body fat standards to improve physical readiness and prevent obesity. This study examined the accuracy of circumference-based equations in assessing changes in body fat percentage (BF%) during Army Basic Combat Training (BCT) in young adult recruits. The results showed that circumference measures underestimated BF% at the start of BCT in both genders. Additionally, circumference measures did not accurately detect changes in BF% during BCT in women and underestimated the changes in men.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Angel Matute-Llorente, Angela Ascaso, Ana Latorre-Pellicer, Beatriz Puisac, Laura Trujillano, Elena Llorente, Juan Jose Puente-Lanzarote, Ariadna Ayerza-Casas, Maria Arnedo, Luis A. Moreno, Feliciano Ramos, Juan Pie, Jose A. Casajus, Gloria Bueno-Lozano
Summary: This study evaluated bone health and body composition in individuals with Cornelia de Lange Syndrome using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Most of the CdLS patients had potentially causative genetic variants in NIPBL based on deep sequencing. While bone health seemed less of a concern during childhood and adolescence, some individuals were at risk for impaired bone health in adulthood. Monitoring of calcium, phosphorus, vitamin D levels, and other biomarkers can help assess bone health in this population.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Che-Cheng Chang, Yen-Kung Chen, Hou-Chang Chiu, Jiann-Horng Yeh
Summary: Patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) have a higher prevalence of obesity and decreased muscle mass with aging. The prevalence of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity increases with age and disease severity.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Che-Cheng Chang, Yen-Kung Chen, Hou-Chang Chiu, Jiann-Horng Yeh
Summary: The research suggests that physical exercise is well tolerated by patients with myasthenia gravis and leads to improvements in physical function and muscle mass. Patients with lower QMG scores show more significant improvements in physical fitness.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Hyuk-Jae Choi, Chang-Yong Ko, Yunhee Chang, Gyoo-Suk Kim, Chul-Hyun Kim
Summary: We compared the effectiveness of bioimpedance analysis and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in evaluating body composition in amputees and found significant differences between the results of the two methods, especially in patients with trans femoral amputation.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Katy M. Horner, Nuala M. Byrne, Neil A. King
Summary: This study investigated the effects of a short-term exercise intervention on gastric emptying, appetite, energy intake, and adaptive responses in inactive men with overweight/obesity. The results showed that while certain parameters remained unchanged, energy intake increased significantly, and the exercise intervention had beneficial effects on body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness, and blood pressure.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Xingzhong Jin, Alice A. Gibson, Zubeyir Salis, Radhika Seimon, Claudia Harper, Tania P. Markovic, Nuala M. Byrne, Shelley E. Keating, Emmanuel Stamatakis, Elif Inan-Eroglu, Felipe Q. da Luz, Julie Ayre, Amanda Sainsbury
Summary: Including a dietary component to reduce excess body weight, notably one involving severe energy restriction, could potentially enhance the effectiveness of physical activity interventions among female adults with obesity.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
A. Nana, J. M. D. Staynor, S. Arlai, A. El-Sallam, N. Dhungel, M. K. Smith
Summary: This study demonstrates the potential of using two-dimensional smartphone images for body composition and anthropometry assessment. The results show that the predictions made from these images are in greater agreement with criterion measures compared to traditional bioelectrical impedance analysis. This suggests that smartphone application images can be a promising alternative to BIA scales for in-home body composition assessment.
OBESITY RESEARCH & CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jamie-Lee M. Thompson, Daniel W. D. West, Thomas M. Doering, Boris P. Budiono, Sarah J. Lessard, Lauren G. Koch, Steven L. Britton, Nuala M. Byrne, Matthew A. Brown, Kevin J. Ashton, Vernon G. Coffey
Summary: This study compared the changes in muscle mass and transcriptome profile in high and low responders to endurance training after short-term immobilization, and identified differential gene expressions associated with early muscle atrophy.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Sisitha Jayasinghe, Robert Soward, Timothy P. Holloway, Kira A. E. Patterson, Kiran D. K. Ahuja, Roger Hughes, Nuala M. Byrne, Andrew P. Hills
Summary: This study aimed to explore and evaluate the public's perception of the physical activity environment and assess the quantity, variety, and quality of existing physical activity infrastructure in regional Northwest Tasmania. The results showed a wide array of high-quality physical activity infrastructure in the region, which was highly appreciated by the public. However, there is a need to implement place-based interventions to address barriers and increase awareness and utilization of the infrastructure.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sisitha Jayasinghe, Manoja P. Herath, Jeffrey M. Beckett, Kiran D. K. Ahuja, Steven J. Street, Nuala M. Byrne, Andrew P. Hills
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and weight gain during pregnancy, weight retention post-partum, and the mode of delivery. The sample consists of approximately 300 Tasmanian mothers. The results indicate that only a small percentage of mothers achieved the recommended weight gain during pregnancy, and women with obesity had the lowest weight fluctuation.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Bronwen Lundy, Monica K. Torstveit, Thomas B. Stenqvist, Louise M. Burke, Ina Garthe, Gary J. Slater, Christian Ritz, Anna K. Melin
Summary: A questionnaire-based screening tool (LEAM-Q) for male athletes at risk of low energy availability (LEA) was developed, and it was found that low sex drive was the most effective self-reported symptom in identifying male athletes requiring further clinical assessment for LEA.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sisitha Jayasinghe, Emily J. Flies, Robert Soward, Dave Kendal, Michelle Kilpatrick, Verity Cleland, Rebecca Roberts, Fadhillah Norzahari, Melanie Davern, Timothy P. Holloway, Sandra Murray, Kira A. E. Patterson, Kiran D. K. Ahuja, Roger Hughes, Nuala M. Byrne, Andrew P. Hills
Summary: This research aimed to assess PA resources, walkability, and food environments in socioeconomically disadvantaged, regional/rural areas of Tasmania. The study found that most schools had high-quality PA infrastructure, good walkability, but an abundance of food outlets selling processed unhealthy food.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Sisitha Jayasinghe, Robert Soward, Lisa Dalton, Timothy P. Holloway, Sandra Murray, Kira A. E. Patterson, Kiran D. K. Ahuja, Roger Hughes, Nuala M. Byrne, Andrew P. Hills
Summary: Despite increased awareness of its risks, contemporary efforts for obesity prevention have been insufficient. Therefore, the growing interest in whole-systems approaches that acknowledge the complex nature of obesity is timely. The aim of this investigation was to review the level of capacity building incorporated in published literature on whole-systems approaches targeting obesity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Alexia J. Murphy-Alford, William Johnson, Lukhanyo H. Nyati, Ina S. Santos, Andrew P. Hills, Shabina Ariff, V. Pujitha Wickramasinghe, Rebecca Kuriyan, M. Nishani Lucas, Caroline S. Costa, Christine Slater, Tanvir Ahmad, Nuala M. Byrne, Priscilla J. Divya, Anura V. Kurpad, Leila I. Cheikh Ismail, Cornelia U. Loechl, Shane A. Norris
Summary: Reference charts for body composition of infants aged 0-6 months and 3-24 months have been developed, based on global reference data. These charts will enhance the interpretation and understanding of body composition in infants during the first 24 months of life.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Chitra Sharma, Kiran D. K. Ahuja, Bharati Kulkarni, Nuala N. M. Byrne, Andrew P. P. Hills
Summary: Current global trends in physical activity levels indicate the lack of progress towards achieving the 2030 target set by the Global Action Plan. Compositional data analysis and life course epidemiology provide potential frameworks for understanding the complexity of physical activity and its relationship with life course factors. Combining these fields represents a paradigm shift in physical activity research with potential impacts on policy and both advantages and challenges. The implications of maintaining the disconnect between these fields versus consolidating them should be carefully considered.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Timothy P. Holloway, Lisa Dalton, Roger Hughes, Sisitha Jayasinghe, Kira A. E. Patterson, Sandra Murray, Robert Soward, Nuala M. Byrne, Andrew P. Hills, Kiran D. K. Ahuja
Summary: School environments can create a healthy setting for children's health and well-being. School gardening interventions have shown positive outcomes in terms of healthier eating and increased physical activity. This study found that embedding nutrition and garden-based education in the curriculum, experiential learning opportunities, family and authority figure engagement, cultural context, and the use of multi-prong approaches contribute to the improvement of children's health and well-being through school gardening programs.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hayley Solly, Claire E. Badenhorst, Matson McCauley, Gary J. J. Slater, Janelle A. A. Gifford, Bevan Erueti, Kathryn L. L. Beck
Summary: This study investigated the nutrition education preferences of New Zealand and Australian athletes. The athletes preferred teaching techniques such as using life examples and hands-on activities, as well as discussions with a facilitator. They considered personal nutrition goals and two-way feedback with a facilitator important. General nutrition topics of interest included energy requirements, hydration, and nutrient deficiencies, while performance topics included recovery, pre-exercise nutrition, nutrition during exercise, and energy requirements for training. The athletes preferred a combination of in-person group and one-on-one sessions, with a performance dietitian or nutritionist as the preferred facilitator.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Lisa M. Dalton, Andrew P. Hills, Sisitha Jayasinghe, Kendra Strong, Paula Hyland, Nuala M. Byrne
Summary: Improvements in global public health require universal health care supported by a health workforce with appropriate competencies. The article describes a curriculum design thinking approach being used to develop a connected system of education and training for the allied health workforce in Tasmania. Stakeholders identified problems such as rurality, workforce challenges, skill set shortfalls, and clinical placements, which are being addressed through innovative educational programs and a transformative curriculum.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Sisitha Jayasinghe, Timothy P. Holloway, Robert Soward, Kira A. E. Patterson, Kiran D. K. Ahuja, Lisa Dalton, Sandra Murray, Roger Hughes, Nuala M. Byrne, Andrew P. Hills
Summary: This study aims to reduce the incidence of obesity and related diseases through social prescribing, peer education, and health screening, increase service and workforce connectivity and collaboration, and enhance health and well-being by improving food literacy, physical literacy, mental health, and community connectedness.
JMIR RESEARCH PROTOCOLS
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Linsey U. Gani, Chanika Sritara, Robert D. Blank, Weiwen Chen, Julia Gilmour, Ruban Dhaliwal, Ranjodh Gill
Summary: Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is the gold standard method for measuring bone mineral density (BMD), which is strongly associated with fracture risk. The International Society for Clinical Densitometry (ISCD) has released new official positions on follow-up DXA examinations, highlighting the importance of considering the clinical context and individualized testing intervals.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL DENSITOMETRY
(2024)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Andia Cheneymann, Josephine Therkildsen, Simon Winther, Louise Nissen, Jesper Thygesen, Bente L. Langdahl, Ellen-Margrethe Hauge, Morten Bottcher
Summary: Osteoporosis is often overlooked, and contrast-enhanced CT scans used for other diseases may overestimate bone mineral density. Adjustments for this effect are necessary before contrast-enhanced images can be clinically utilized for BMD screening.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL DENSITOMETRY
(2024)
