Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Sijia Liu, Ruihua Ma, Yang Luo, Panqi Liu, Ke Zhao, Hua Guo, Jing Shi, Fude Yang, Yunlong Tan, Shuping Tan, Zhiren Wang
Summary: The study found lower accuracy in facial expression recognition in patients with MDD compared to healthy controls, with differences in facial expression recognition. The reaction time for facial expression recognition was significantly longer in MDD patients, and abnormalities were found in some brain regions during resting state. Changes in ReHo values may represent abnormal patterns of spontaneous brain activity in neural circuits related to emotion perception.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Xiaolong Peng, Xiaoping Wu, Ruxue Gong, Rui Yang, Xiang Wang, Wenzhen Zhu, Pan Lin
Summary: The study identified significant changes in functional connectivity (FC) of different anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) sub-regions in major depressive disorder (MDD) patients, associated with distinct symptoms of depression. The findings provide new insights into the role of ACC sub-regions and the default network (DN) in the pathophysiology of MDD.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anna Todeva-Radneva, Sevdalina Kandilarova, Rositsa Paunova, Drozdstoy Stoyanov, Tina Zdravkova, Ronald Sladky
Summary: This study aimed to explore possible differences in whole-brain functional connectivity in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder (BD), and healthy controls (HC). The results showed increased connectivity in certain brain regions in the BD group compared to the HC group, while the MDD group showed enhanced connectivity in different regions. These findings suggest that these connectivity patterns may serve as potential diagnostic biomarkers for MDD and BD.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Danian Li, Hanyue Zhang, Yujie Liu, Xinyu Liang, Yaoping Chen, Yanting Zheng, Shijun Qiu, Ying Cui
Summary: The study revealed altered functional connectivity among key brain regions in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) patients, including the default mode network, the central executive network, the limbic system, and the cerebellum. Increased functional connectivity between the right posterior cingulate cortex and the right inferior frontal gyrus may be useful for characterizing the pathophysiology of MDD and the functional correlates of phonemic verbal fluency deficits in MDD.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jincheng He, Dongcui Wang, Meiting Ban, Lingyu Kong, Qian Xiao, Fulai Yuan, Xueling Zhu
Summary: This study found regional metabolic heterogeneity in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in first-episode, treatment-naive individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD). Compared to healthy controls, patients with MDD exhibited higher levels of glutamate (Glu) and glutamine (Gln) in the pregenual ACC (pACC) and higher levels of myo-inositol (MI) in the anterior midcingulate cortex (aMCC). In addition, the metabolite concentration gradients of Glu, Gln, and N-acetyl-aspartate (NAA) were more pronounced in MDD patients. These findings provide new evidence for abnormal neuro-metabolites in the ACC in MDD and suggest differential roles of pACC and aMCC in the disorder.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Zenan Wu, Xinyu Fang, Lingfang Yu, Dandan Wang, Ruimei Liu, Xinyue Teng, Chaoyue Guo, Juanjuan Ren, Chen Zhang
Summary: The study found that there are functional connectivity changes between the ACC subregions and certain brain regions in patients with major depressive disorder. In MDD patients, there is a correlation between sleep quality and anhedonia, and the ACC subregions play a mediating role in the relationship between anhedonia and sleep quality.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Fan Mo, Jingjin Gu, Ke Zhao, Xiaolan Fu
Summary: Patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) show impairments in recognizing facial expressions, particularly in confusing negative emotions. This indicates a deficit in sensitivity in distinguishing specific facial expressions in individuals with MDD.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Xiaodan Lu, Shunkai Lai, Aimin Luo, Xiaosi Huang, Ying Wang, Yiliang Zhang, Jiali He, Guanmao Chen, Shuming Zhong, Yanbin Jia
Summary: This study aimed to compare cognitive function indices among patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and insomnia symptoms (IS), MDD without IS, and healthy controls (HCs) to examine the effects of IS in MDD patients. Results showed that IS and NIS groups scored significantly lower in seven cognitive domains compared to HCs. The IS group also exhibited lower speed of processing and lower Cho/Cr ratio in the left anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), and the Cho/Cr ratio in the left ACC was positively correlated with the composite T-score in the IS group. Therefore, MDD patients with comorbid IS may experience more common cognitive impairments, particularly in speed of processing, and dysfunction of the ACC may contribute to cognitive impairment in MDD with IS.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Sabina Rai, Kristi Griffiths, Isabella A. Breukelaar, Ana R. Barreiros, Wenting Chen, Philip Boyce, Philip Hazell, Sheryl Foster, Gin S. Malhi, Richard A. Bryant, Anthony W. F. Harris, Mayuresh S. Korgaonkar
Summary: This study found that euthymic bipolar disorder (BD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) patients engage different brain regions to process and regulate emotional information. These differences could help distinguish the clinical groups and provide new insights into the underlying pathophysiology of BD.
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Akua F. Nimarko, Adina S. Fischer, Kelsey E. Hagan, Aaron J. Gorelik, Yvonne Lu, Caroline J. Young, Manpreet K. Singh
Summary: Adolescents at risk for familial bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder show significant neural differences in activation and connectivity during positive emotion processing, particularly in the activation and connectivity of the putamen. These differences may potentially serve as markers of vulnerability for the development of mood or anxiety disorders.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Nicola Omlor, Maike Richter, Janik Goltermann, Lavinia A. Steinmann, Anna Kraus, Tiana Borgers, Melissa Klug, Verena Enneking, Ronny Redlich, Katharina Dohm, Jonathan Repple, Elisabeth J. Leehr, Dominik Grotegerd, Harald Kugel, Jochen Bauer, Udo Dannlowski, Nils Opel
Summary: This study examined the effect of the second-generation antipsychotic quetiapine on ACC activity in major depressive disorder patients. The results showed that patients taking quetiapine had significantly higher activity in the ACC during reward stimulation compared to those not taking antipsychotic medication. This suggests that the antidepressant effects of quetiapine may be mediated through increased ACC activity during reward processing.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Fernando C. Krause, Eftihia Linardatos, David M. Fresco, Michael T. Moore
Summary: This study conducted a meta-analysis of 23 studies on facial emotion recognition accuracy in MDD patients, showing that those in inpatient settings and with severe symptom severity were less accurate in recognizing happy facial expressions. Studies with longer stimulus durations also found lower accuracy levels in depressed participants.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Huan Wang, Rongxin Zhu, Shui Tian, Siqi Zhang, Zhongpeng Dai, Junneng Shao, Li Xue, Zhijian Yao, Qing Lu
Summary: By studying the dynamic functional connectivity in patients with bipolar disorder, the dysfunction of anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) was found to be relevant to suicide attempts. Specifically, suicide attempt patients showed significantly reduced dwell time in the suicide-related functional state, accompanied by a significantly increased functional connectivity strength between the right ACC and the regions within the subcortical network. These altered indicators were significantly correlated with suicide risk.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Li-jun Wang, Tian-hua Cheng, Jia-sen Geng, Juan Yang, Chang Liu, Guo-hui Zhu, Jia-cheng Luo, Gui-zhen Wang, Xiang He Zhu, Yi Wang, Jia Huang, Yan-yu Wang
Summary: This study compares the differences in facial emotion recognition abilities in patients with schizophrenia, major depressive disorder, and bipolar disorder under different social interaction situations. The results show that all three groups of patients are slower in recognizing anger emotion in the praise situation compared to healthy controls. In the inquiry situation, patients with schizophrenia recognize angry faces faster than those with major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder. These findings may be beneficial for early screening and precise intervention for these mental disorders.
ASIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Xitian Chen, Zhengjia Dai, Ying Lin
Summary: The study aims to parse heterogeneity in major depressive disorder (MDD) through neurophysiological subtypes (biotypes) using a multiview biotype discovery framework. Two stable biotypes characterized by increased and decreased functional connectivity (FC) were identified, which promoted the diagnosis of MDD and showed different symptom profiles.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Andrew J. Watson, Annalisa Giordano, John Suckling, Thomas R. E. Barnes, Nusrat Husain, Peter B. Jones, Carl R. Krynicki, Stephen M. Lawrie, Shon Lewis, Naghmeh Nikkheslat, Carmine M. Pariante, Rachel Upthegrove, Bill Deakin, Paola Dazzan, Eileen M. Joyce
Summary: This study identified cognitive subtypes based on IQ in patients with early-phase schizophrenia-spectrum disorder. The compromised IQ subtype was associated with smaller brain volume and higher levels of low-grade inflammation markers. This adds validity to the existence of a neurodevelopmental subtype of schizophrenia.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
M. J. Bosma, S. R. Cox, T. Ziermans, C. R. Buchanan, X. Shen, E. M. Tucker-Drob, M. J. Adams, H. C. Whalley, S. M. Lawrie
Summary: This study reveals that lower global white matter microstructure is associated with having PLEs in combination with distress, suggesting a direction of future research. Additionally, it replicates the finding that processing speed mediates the relationship between white matter microstructure and g-factor.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Philip J. Asherson, Lena Johansson, Rachel Holland, Megan Bedding, Andrew Forrester, Laura Giannulli, Ylva Ginsberg, Sheila Howitt, Imogen Kretzschmar, Stephen M. Lawrie, Craig Marsh, Caroline Kelly, Megan Mansfield, Clare McCafferty, Khuram Khan, Ulrich Muller-Sedgwick, John Strang, Grace Williamson, Lauren Wilson, Susan Young, Sabine Landau, Lindsay D. G. Thomson
Summary: This study investigated the efficacy of methylphenidate in reducing ADHD symptoms in young adult prisoners. The results showed that methylphenidate treatment did not significantly improve ADHD symptoms, indicating that routine use of this medication in this population is not supported. Further research is needed to evaluate the effects of higher dosing, treatment adherence, multi-modal treatments, and preventative interventions in the community.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Bianca Bianciardi, Ruchika Gajwani, Joachim Gross, Andrew I. Gumley, Stephen M. Lawrie, Melina Moelling, Matthias Schwannauer, Frauke Schultze-Lutter, Alessio Fracasso, Peter J. Uhlhaas
Summary: This study found that temporal and prosodic aspects of speech are not impaired in early-stage psychosis. Comparisons between different groups showed differences between participants meeting clinical high-risk for psychosis criteria and healthy controls or participants with affective disorders and substance abuse. Further research is needed to determine whether these abnormalities are present in sub-groups of CHR-P participants with elevated psychosis-risk.
EARLY INTERVENTION IN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Anesthesiology
Marta Seretny, Liana Romaniuk, Heather Whalley, Kim Sladdin, Stephen Lawrie, Catherine Elizabeth Warnaby, Neil Roberts, Lesley Colvin, Irene Tracey, Marie Fallon
Summary: This study is the first to explore whether there is a brain-based vulnerability to chronic sensory CIPN. The study found that patients who later developed CIPN showed altered patterns of brain activity in sensory, motor, attentional, and affective regions. This suggests the possibility of a pre-existing vulnerability centered on brainstem regions of the descending pain modulatory system.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIA
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Hon Wah Yeung, Aleks Stolicyn, Colin R. R. Buchanan, Elliot M. M. Tucker-Drob, Mark E. E. Bastin, Saturnino Luz, Andrew M. M. McIntosh, Heather C. C. Whalley, Simon R. R. Cox, Keith Smith
Summary: By applying advanced and computationally expensive machine learning techniques to large neuroimaging datasets, researchers aim to uncover key differences in the human brain related to sex, age, cognitive function, and psychopathology. However, in this study, the complexity of the models did not improve the detection of associations between brain structural connectivity and complex phenotypes, likely due to the current sample size limitation.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Emily Witten, Jasmiina Ryynanen, Stella Wisdom, Cheryl Tipp, Stella W. Y. Chan
Summary: This study aimed to compare the effects of viewing nature-related soothing images, listening to soothing sounds, and a combination of both on mood. The findings showed that all interventions led to a decrease in negative affect and depressive mood, as well as an increase in serenity affect. Exploratory analysis revealed that individuals with higher levels of depressive and anxiety symptoms at baseline experienced greater improvement in mood. These findings suggest that images and sounds depicting nature can potentially be effective tools for improving mood and well-being.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Jessica Mundy, Christopher Hubel, Brett N. N. Adey, Helena L. L. Davies, Molly R. R. Davies, Jonathan R. I. Coleman, Matthew Hotopf, Gursharan Kalsi, Sang Hyuck Lee, Andrew M. M. McIntosh, Henry C. C. Rogers, Thalia C. C. Eley, Robin M. M. Murray, Evangelos Vassos, Gerome Breen
Summary: The Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ) is commonly used for screening bipolar disorder but its validity for genetic studies has not been fully examined. A study compared the MDQ to self-reported bipolar disorder and conducted genome-wide association studies to investigate genetic correlations with bipolar disorder and other traits. The MDQ showed low positive predictive value for self-reported bipolar disorder and no genetic correlations with bipolar disorder were found. The study also suggested that the MDQ may capture symptoms of general distress or psychopathology instead of specifically targeting hypomania/mania in at-risk populations.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART B-NEUROPSYCHIATRIC GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Eleanor Davyson, Xueyi Shen, Danni A. Gadd, Elena Bernabeu, Robert F. Hillary, Daniel L. McCartney, Mark Adams, Riccardo Marioni, Andrew M. Mcintosh
Summary: This study found metabolic differences between individuals with and without MDD. 191 metabolites were significantly associated with MDD, which decreased to 129 after adjusting for confounders. Decreased docosahexaenoic acid and increased omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids ratio may be causally related to MDD.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Jiayue-Clara Jiang, Chenwen Hu, Andrew M. McIntosh, Sonia Shah
Summary: Observational studies and randomized controlled trials have shown inconsistent findings on the effects of cholesterol-lowering statins on depression. It is still uncertain whether statins have any beneficial effects on depression, and if so, what the underlying molecular mechanisms are. Genomic approaches were used to investigate this further.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Nina MacKenzie, Daniel J. Smith, Stephen M. Lawrie, Andrew M. Rome, David McCartney
Summary: This study analyzed the outcomes of a residential rehabilitation program for substance misuse over a 4-year period. The results showed that attending the program was associated with increased rates of abstinence, reduced alcohol use, and improvements in psychological well-being and harm reduction.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Aleks Stolicyn, Laura M. Lyall, Donald M. Lyall, Nikolaj Kjaer Hoier, Mark J. Adams, Xueyi Shen, James H. Cole, Andrew M. Mcintosh, Heather C. Whalley, Daniel J. Smith
Summary: Sleeping longer or shorter than recommended is associated with differences in brain structure, indicating potential implications for brain health. Longer sleep duration is associated with various structural differences, while shorter sleep duration is linked to lower cortical surface area.
Article
Psychiatry
Lingling Hua, Rick A. Adams, Tineke Grent-'t-Jong, Ruchika Gajwani, Joachim Gross, Andrew I. Gumley, Rajeev Krishnadas, Stephen M. Lawrie, Frauke Schultze-Lutter, Matthias Schwannauer, Peter J. Uhlhaas
Summary: Evidence suggests that early-stage psychosis involves impaired sensory attenuation in auditory and thalamic regions. However, these deficits may not predict clinical outcomes in individuals at high risk for psychosis.