Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Stephen T. Decker, Oh-Sung Kwon, Jia Zhao, John R. Hoidal, Thomas Heuckstadt, Russell S. Richardson, Karl A. Sanders, Gwenael Layec
Summary: This study found that sedentary mice exposed to cigarette smoke for 8 months showed preserved mitochondrial respiratory capacity in skeletal muscle, but also increased risk of chronic oxidative stress.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jing Xiong, Yanqing Le, Yafei Rao, Lu Zhou, Yuhan Hu, Suliang Guo, Yongchang Sun
Summary: The RANKL/RANK pathway plays an important role in muscle atrophy induced by COPD-related lung diseases, suggesting that it may be a potential therapeutic target for COPD-related skeletal muscle dysfunction.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Stephen T. Decker, Alexs A. Matias, Sean T. Bannon, Jack P. Madden, Nadia Alexandrou-Majaj, Gwenael Layec
Summary: Epidemiological and clinical evidence shows that exposure to cigarette smoke affects glucose and fatty acid metabolism, increasing the risk of metabolic disorders. This study aimed to examine the effects of cigarette smoke on mitochondrial respiratory capacity and sensitivity in muscle fibers. The results revealed that cigarette smoke reduced mitochondrial respiratory capacity and sensitivity to pyruvate in the gastrocnemius muscle. Only the sensitivity to pyruvate-stimulated respiration showed a trend towards decrease in the soleus muscle. The findings highlight that cigarette smoke impairs mitochondrial respiration and plays a key role in smoke-induced muscle dysfunction and metabolic disturbances.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Wataru Otsu, Naoki Chinen, Emi Sugisawa, Haru Kitano, Shinsuke Nakamura, Naofumi Umigai, Hideshi Tsusaki, Masamitsu Shimazawa
Summary: In this study, the researchers investigated the effect of crocetin on muscular injury induced by cigarette smoke extract (CSE) and acrolein. They found that crocetin could restore the damaged muscle cell morphology and function, suggesting that daily intake of crocetin may help protect muscles from environmental oxidants such as cigarette smoke.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Scott T. Kelley, William Liu, Penelope J. E. Quintana, Eunha Hoh, Nathan G. Dodder, E. Melinda Mahabee-Gittens, Samuel Padilla, Shawn Ogden, Sia Frenzel, Laura Sisk-Hackworth, Georg E. Matt
Summary: Despite smoking bans, children can be exposed to tobacco smoke residue (i.e., thirdhand smoke) that lingers on surfaces and in settled house dust. Thirdhand smoke exposure is associated with changes in the microbiomes of the home environment and of the children living in these homes. Thirdhand smoke is associated with increased phylogenetic diversity of the home environment and changes in the abundances of several genera of the child microbiome known to be affected by active smoking and secondhand smoke. Thirdhand smoke exposure by itself may induce alterations in the microbiome that play a role in childhood pathologies.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Physiology
Rachel M. Handy, Graham P. Holloway
Summary: Impairments in peripheral tissue insulin signaling, caused by a high-lipid environment and increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production, are believed to contribute to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. However, physical inactivity can also promote insulin resistance through alternative mechanisms, such as a reduction in protein synthesis. Mitochondrial biology plays a crucial role in the interaction between physical (in)activity, lipid metabolism, and insulin signaling.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Weidong Weng, David Bovard, Filippo Zanetti, Sabrina Ehnert, Bianca Braun, Tatiana Uynuk-Ool, Tina Histing, Julia Hoeng, Andreas K. Nussler, Romina H. Aspera-Werz
Summary: Cigarette smoking can increase the risk of osteoporosis and impaired fracture healing. In this study, the effects of heated tobacco products (HTP) on bone cell functionality and viability were compared to cigarette smoke using an in vitro coculture model. The results showed that HTP extract was less harmful to the bone coculture system than cigarette smoke extract, and HTP exposure maintained normal osteoclast activity and calcium deposits in fracture healing. This suggests that HTP may be less harmful than cigarette smoke to bone cell differentiation and bone mineralization.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Toxicology
Carine Poussin, Marco van der Toorn, Sophie Scheuner, Romain Piault, Athanasios Kondylis, Rebecca Savioz, Remi Dulize, Dariusz Peric, Emmanuel Guedj, Fabio Maranzano, Celine Merg, Moran Morelli, Anne-Laure Egesipe, Stephanie Johne, Shoaib Majeed, Claudius Pak, Thomas Schneider, Walter K. Schlage, Nikolai Ivanov, Manuel C. Peitsch, Julia Hoeng
Summary: The study found that the extract from 3R4F tobacco accelerates aging in young human aortic smooth muscle cells and exacerbates the aging effect in old cells. Compared to 3R4F, the extract from THS smoke significantly reduces the impact on cells, suggesting a lower risk for vascular smooth muscle cell-associated pathomechanisms leading to cardiovascular diseases.
ARCHIVES OF TOXICOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Alicia Nunez, Joshua Unbin Rhee, Patricia Haynes, Subhajit Chakravorty, Freda Patterson, William D. S. Killgore, Rebecca A. Gallagher, Lauren Hale, Charles Branas, Nancy Carrazco, Pamela Alfonso-Miller, Jo-Ann Gehrels, Michael A. Grandner
Summary: Smoking is associated with increased insomnia severity and shorter sleep duration, particularly when smoking at night. Sleep health should be considered in smoking cessation efforts.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Sun Young Jung, Gun-Dong Kim, Dae Woon Choi, Dong-Uk Shin, Ji-Eun Eom, Seung Yong Kim, Ok Hee Chai, Hyun-Jin Kim, So-Young Lee, Hee Soon Shin
Summary: The study found that Epilobium species extract can inhibit inflammatory cell recruitment and symptoms in COPD mice, as well as attenuate inflammatory gene expression by suppressing MAPKs and NF kappa B activity. Additionally, identified phytochemical constituents of Epilobium species extract showed anti-inflammatory effects.
Article
Immunology
Jerald R. Chavez, Wangyuan Yao, Harrison Dulin, Jasmine Castellanos, Duo Xu, Rong Hai
Summary: Due to the lack of pandemic potential, research on the pathology and immunological responses of IBV lags behind that of IAV. The impact of lifestyle and environmental factors, such as cigarette smoking, on IBV infections is still unclear. By pre-treating mice with cigarette smoke extract for two weeks, infecting them with IBV, and monitoring the effects, we developed an animal model system. The results showed that cigarette smoke extract treatment decreased IBV specific IgG levels but did not change viral replication and weight recovery post infection in the upper airway/lung. However, higher concentrations of cigarette smoke extract did lead to higher mortality post infection, suggesting that inflammation induced by smoking coupled with IBV infection resulted in exacerbated disease outcome.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stanislav Kotlyarov
Summary: Tobacco smoking is a major risk factor for both COPD and ASCVD, and they have common pathogenesis and mutual influence on clinical presentation and prognosis. Smoking-induced systemic inflammation, impaired endothelial function, and oxidative stress play crucial roles in the development and progression of both diseases. Components present in tobacco smoke have adverse effects on various cellular functions, and smoking may also impair the innate immune system and promote oxidative stress in respiratory and vascular systems. This review discusses the importance of smoking in the mechanisms underlying the comorbidity of COPD and ASCVD.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ryan H. Nguyen, Laura B. Vater, Lava R. Timsina, Gregory A. Durm, Katelin Rupp, Keylee Wright, Miranda H. Spitznagle, Brandy Paul, Shadia Jalal, Lisa Carter-Harris, Karen S. Hudmon, Nasser H. Hanna, Patrick J. Loehrer, DuyKhanh P. Ceppa
Summary: The study found that counties with stronger smoke-free air ordinances had lower smoking rates and fewer new lung cancer cases per year. Therefore, strengthening smoke-free air ordinances is crucial for reducing lung cancer incidence.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Stephen T. Decker, Alexs A. Matias, Adolfo E. Cuadra, Sean T. Bannon, Jack P. Madden, M. Enes Erol, Corinna Serviente, Karine Fenelon, Gwenael Layec
Summary: Cigarette smoke exposure has acute dose-dependent toxicity on mitochondrial metabolism in different tissues, with the cardiac muscle being the most susceptible and the aorta being the least susceptible to cigarette smoke inhibition. This study provides insights into the mechanisms mediating the toxicity of cigarette smoke in extrapulmonary tissues.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Lijiao Zhang, Chunxiao Li, Jing Xiong, Chun Chang, Yongchang Sun
Summary: Skeletal muscle dysfunction is a significant extrapulmonary comorbidity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study revealed a novel regulatory mechanism of myokines in the pathogenesis of skeletal muscle comorbidities of COPD, in which CSE exposure upregulated p-Erk1/2 to promote Mstn expression, leading to the inhibition of Fndc5 expression via the p-Smad3/PGC-1 alpha pathway.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ram B. Khattri, Kyoungrae Kim, Trace Thome, Zachary R. Salyers, Kerri A. O'Malley, Scott A. Berceli, Salvatore T. Scali, Terence E. Ryan
Summary: Chronic limb threatening ischemia (CLTI) is the most severe manifestation of peripheral atherosclerosis. Patients with CLTI exhibit distinct metabolic alterations in their limb muscles, including features of ischemic/hypoxic metabolism, aberrant amino acid metabolism, and accumulation of lipids, providing insights into the profound metabolic disturbances in the failing ischemic limbs of CLTI patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Rachel C. Kelley, Lauren Betancourt, Andrea M. Noriega, Suzanne C. Brinson, Nuria Curbelo-Bermudez, Dongwoo Hahn, Ravi A. Kumar, Eliza Balazic, Derek R. Muscato, Terence E. Ryan, Robbert J. van der Pijl, Shengyi Shen, Coen A. C. Ottenheijm, Leonardo F. Ferreira
Summary: Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is highly prevalent in postmenopausal women and is characterized by specific features such as skeletal myopathy. A new rat model of postmenopausal HFpEF was developed and it exhibited cardiovascular and systemic abnormalities similar to the human disease. The study found that the skeletal myopathy of postmenopausal HFpEF involves decreased muscle force, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative imbalance.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
David A. Gross, Henry S. Cheng, Rulin Zhuang, Michael G. McCoy, Daniel Perez-Cremades, Zachary Salyers, A. K. M. Khyrul Wara, Stefan Haemmig, Terence E. Ryan, Mark W. Feinberg
Summary: SNHG12 is a dysregulated long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) in atherosclerosis, and it plays a significant role in the regulation of vascular senescence and angiogenic response. The deficiency of SNHG12 reduces cell proliferation, migration, and endothelial sprouting, while overexpression promotes these angiogenic functions. SNHG12 may exert its effects through interacting with proteins like IGF2BP3, and it is involved in cell cycle regulation and signaling pathways related to Wnt, Notch, and angiopoietin signaling pathways.
Article
Oncology
Terence E. Ryan, Kyoungrae Kim, Salvatore T. Scali, Scott A. Berceli, Trace Thome, Zachary R. Salyers, Kerri A. O'Malley, Thomas D. Green, Reema Karnekar, Kelsey H. Fisher-Wellman, Dean J. Yamaguchi, Joseph M. McClung
Summary: This study found that in CLTI patients, mitochondria were predominantly downregulated, indicating significant functional impairment, while extracellular matrix proteins were upregulated. Pre-intervention CLTI muscles showed upregulation of mitochondrial proteins but modest functional impairments in fatty acid oxidation compared to controls.
CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Zachary R. Salyers, Madeline Coleman, Dennis Le, Terence E. Ryan
Summary: The study demonstrates that both endothelium-and muscle-specific expression of PFKFB3 enhance ischemic revascularization, but only muscle-specific expression improves muscle function. Regardless of the treatment, female mice show better recovery from limb ischemia compared to male mice.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Ravi A. Kumar, Trace Thome, Omar M. Sharaf, Terence E. Ryan, George J. Arnaoutakis, Eric Jeng, Leonardo F. Ferreira
Summary: Cardiomyocyte dysfunction in patients with end-stage heart failure with reduced ejection fraction is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. Reversible thiol oxidation can modulate mitochondrial function, but other components of mitochondrial energy transfer are limiting factors in end-stage heart failure.
Article
Biophysics
Ram B. Khattri, Abhinandan Batra, Michael Matheny, Cora Hart, Spencer C. Henley-Beasley, David Hammers, Huadong Zeng, Zoe White, Terence E. Ryan, Elisabeth Barton, Pascal Bernatchez, Glenn A. Walter
Summary: This study used two muscular dystrophy models and found that mdx-ApoE(W) mice could better mimic the observed fatty tissue deposition in DMD patients. The study used MRI and MRS techniques to detect and compare lipid deposition in different models, providing new imaging modalities for the study of image contrast in DMD.
NMR IN BIOMEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Henry S. Cheng, Daniel Perez-Cremades, Rulin Zhuang, Anurag Jamaiyar, Winona Wu, Jingshu Chen, Aspasia Tzani, Lauren Stone, Jorge Plutzky, Terence E. Ryan, Philip P. Goodney, Mark A. Creager, Marc S. Sabatine, Marc P. Bonaca, Mark W. Feinberg
Summary: Patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) and diabetes are at high risk for critical limb ischemia (CLI) and amputation, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. A conserved microRNA, miR-130b-3p, was found in dysregulated microRNAs from diabetic patients with PAD and diabetic mice with limb ischemia. In vitro studies showed that miR-130b promoted angiogenesis in endothelial cells (ECs), while inhibition of miR-130b had antiangiogenic effects. Local delivery of miR-130b mimics into ischemic muscles of diabetic mice improved revascularization and reduced limb necrosis and amputation. The miR-130b/INHBA signaling axis may provide potential therapeutic targets for patients with PAD and diabetes at risk of developing CLI.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Caroline G. Pass, Victoria Palzkill, Jianna Tan, Kyoungrae Kim, Trace Thome, Qingping Yang, Brian Fazzone, Scott T. Robinson, Kerri A. O'Malley, Feng Yue, Salvatore T. Scali, Scott A. Berceli, Terence E. Ryan
Summary: This study presents a single-nuclei RNA-sequencing atlas of PAD limb muscle, revealing a shift in fiber type and upregulation of stress response, autophagy, hypoxia, and atrophy-related genes in PAD patients. Additionally, unique transcriptional profiles and increased diversity of transcriptomes were observed in muscle stem cells, regenerating myonuclei, and fibro-adipogenic progenitor cells of PAD muscles. Analysis of intercellular communication networks highlighted fibro-adipogenic progenitors as a major signaling hub in PAD muscle, along with deficiencies in angiogenic and bone morphogenetic protein signaling which could contribute to poor limb function in PAD.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Megan Hetherington-Rauth, Eileen Johnson, Eugenia Migliavacca, Neeta Parimi, Lisa Langsetmo, Russell T. Hepple, Yohan Grzywinski, John Corthesy, Terence E. Ryan, Luigi Ferrucci, Jerome N. Feige, Eric S. Orwoll, Peggy M. Cawthon
Summary: This study investigates the associations between amino acids, B vitamins, and their metabolites with D3Cr muscle mass in older men. The results suggest that tryptophan and alpha-hydroxy-5-methyl-tetrahydrofolate (hm-THF) have significant correlations with D3Cr muscle mass, walking speed, and grip strength.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Kyoungrae Kim, Erik M. Anderson, Trace Thome, Guanyi Lu, Zachary R. Salyers, Tomas A. Cort, Kerri A. O'Malley, Salvatore T. Scali, Terence E. Ryan
Summary: In this study, adenine-induced nephropathy and 5/6 nephrectomy models of chronic kidney disease were compared, showing equivalent levels of muscle atrophy and mitochondrial impairment. The adenine model exhibited lower mortality rates, higher consistency in uremic toxin levels, and dysregulated phosphate homeostasis compared with the 5/6 nephrectomy model.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-RENAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)