Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Fengjiao Zhu, Yahui Ji, Linmei Li, Xue Bai, Xianming Liu, Yong Luo, Tingjiao Liu, Bingcheng Lin, Yao Lu
Summary: Researchers have developed a high-throughput single-cell EV secretion analysis platform using a combination of gold nanoparticle-enhanced silver staining and the Poisson distribution, which can be operated with a home scanner without the need for cell counting. This platform allows for the analysis of different EV phenotypes and the quantification of EV secretion from each individual cell, providing a simple, easily accessible, and affordable tool for both basic and clinical research.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Hongxia Jiang, Hanqiu Zhao, Mengzhe Zhang, Yuanzhou He, Xiaochen Li, Yongjian Xu, Xiansheng Liu
Summary: Exosomes are small vesicles that mediate intercellular communication by transferring various components. Hypoxia influences the content and effects of exosomes. Hypoxic exosomes derived from tumor cells lead to different biological effects depending on the recipient units. Understanding the characteristics of hypoxic exosomes provides new insight into the pathogenesis of hypoxia-related diseases.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sofia V. Krylova, Daorong Feng
Summary: Exosomes are small membrane-contained vesicles secreted by cells, which play important roles in maintaining cellular homeostasis, facilitating intercellular communication, and removing cellular debris. They are being extensively studied as potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets in various diseases. However, the underlying mechanisms of exosome biogenesis, release and uptake are still largely unknown. This review aims to provide updated molecular details of these processes to facilitate the design of future impactful exosome experiments.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Song Li, Ya-ran Wu, Xiu-qin Peng, Han-gang Chen, Tong-yi Zhang, Hua Chen, Jing Yang, Yang-li Xie, Hua-bing Qi, Wei Xiang, Bo Huang, Si-ru Zhou, Yan Hu, Qiao-yan Tan, Xiao-lan Du, Jun-lan Huang, Ruo-bin Zhang, Xiao-hong Li, Feng-tao Luo, Min Jin, Nan Su, Xiao-qing Luo, Shuo Huang, Peng Yang, Xiao-Jing Yan, Ji-qin Lian, Ying Zhu, Yan Xiong, Gong-yi Xiao, Ying-ying Liu, Chen Shen, Liang Kuang, Zhen-hong Ni, Lin Chen
Summary: This study developed a novel recombinant protein, AnCar-Exo(LaIMTS), which can be anchored on an exosome membrane and specifically target pro-inflammatory macrophages through antigen recognition. Experimental results showed that AnCar-Exo(LaIMTS3) had the best efficiency in recognizing and entering pro-inflammatory macrophages, enabling efficient delivery of therapeutic cargo and inhibition of synovial inflammation, thus ameliorating the severity of arthritis in vivo.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Julia Radler, Dhanu Gupta, Antje Zickler, Samir EL Andaloussi
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have become a focus of attention in the field of diagnostic and therapeutic applications for various diseases. These natural nanoparticles have favorable safety profiles and unique biodistribution capabilities, making them attractive as drug delivery modalities compared to synthetic analogs. However, their widespread use is limited by technological shortcomings and biological gaps in understanding their heterogeneity. Understanding their biogenesis is crucial for fully unlocking their therapeutic potential.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ellis Nelissen, Elentina K. Argyrousi, Nick P. Van Goethem, Fuqiang Zhao, Catherine D. G. Hines, Gayathri Swaminath, Michael Gerisch, Joerg Hueser, Peter Sandner, Jos Prickaerts
Summary: The study found that the sGC stimulator vericiguat can enhance long-term memory by increasing hippocampal plasticity and promoting the translocation of oc-AMPA receptors to the cell membrane, while having no effect on blood pressure and cerebral blood volume. Stimulation of sGC may provide a new therapeutic strategy for treating VCI.
Article
Cell Biology
Xiaowan Wang, Alexandra Berkowicz, Kirsten King, Blaise Menta, Alexander P. Gabrielli, Lesya Novikova, Benjamin Troutwine, Joseph Pleen, Heather M. Wilkins, Russell H. Swerdlow
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of pharmacologic manipulations on the quantity of exosomes released by cells and their mitochondrial cargos. The results suggest that enhancing mitophagy initiation while inhibiting lysosomal digestion can increase exosome yields and mitochondria-associated content.
Review
Oncology
Jing Yang, Mengxiao Liu, Xidong Fang, Huiyun Zhang, Qian Ren, Ya Zheng, Yuping Wang, Yongning Zhou
Summary: The metastasis of malignant tumors is crucial and current lack molecular markers with clinical accuracy and specificity. ncRNAs can regulate tumor development and produce functional peptides. Exosomes function as signal carriers, playing important roles in cell-to-cell communication. Therefore, studying exosome peptides contributes to the discovery of new diagnostic and prognostic cancer markers.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sun-Il Yun, Chulhwan Kwak, Song-Yi Lee, Sanghee Shin, Changsuk Oh, Jong-Seo Kim, Hyun-Woo Rhee, Kyeong Kyu Kim
Summary: This study reveals that ubiquitin-specific protease 4 (USP4) is highly expressed in colon cancer and acts as a potent protooncogenic protein by deubiquitinating beta-catenin. In addition to its well-known role, it is also found that USP4 interacts with cortactin (CTTN) to promote cell dynamics and migration. The dual role of USP4 in cancer progression, involving the stabilization of beta-catenin and the interaction with CTTN, suggests that USP4 is an important target for cancer treatment or prevention.
Review
Engineering, Chemical
Yohan Han, Timothy W. Jones, Saugata Dutta, Yin Zhu, Xiaoyun Wang, S. Priya Narayanan, Susan C. Fagan, Duo Zhang
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have great potential to serve as effective drug carriers, as they can deliver drugs efficiently and overcome some limitations of traditional drugs.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Natalie Turner, Pevindu Abeysinghe, Pawel Sadowski, Murray D. Mitchell
Summary: This review explores the role of exosomes in dairy cow reproduction and introduces recent advancements in mass-spectrometry based proteomics, which have the potential to advance the quantitative profiling of exosomal protein cargo in search for early biomarkers of cattle fertility.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ching-Yan Chloe Yeung, Frank Dondelinger, Erwin M. Schoof, Birgitte Georg, Yinhui Lu, Zhiyong Zheng, Jingdong Zhang, Jens Hannibal, Jan Fahrenkrug, Michael Kjaer
Summary: This study demonstrates the circadian regulation of protein cargo in small extracellular vesicles released by tendon fibroblasts. The abundance of individual proteins in these vesicles shows a 24-hour rhythmic pattern, and the release of vesicles enriched in different protein types is temporally separated. The protein sorting mechanism in the exosome biogenesis pathway, regulated by flotillin-1, plays a role in regulating the abundance of matrix metalloproteinase 14 in tendon fibroblast small extracellular vesicles.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tiantian Ma, Feng Zhang, Yaqing Wang, Zhiheng Xu
Summary: COPII-coated vesicles are responsible for transporting cargoes from the endoplasmic reticulum to different destinations. cTAGE5/MEA6 plays essential roles in the development and function of various organs by regulating COPII carrier assembly and cargo trafficking through interaction with COPII components, mainly in coordination with scaffold protein TANGO1.
JOURNAL OF GENETICS AND GENOMICS
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Xiaoju Li, Qianqian Yu, Runze Zhao, Xinyan Guo, Chenlin Liu, Kuo Zhang, Wangqian Zhang, Jinghan Liu, Jinzheng Yu, Shuning Wang, Qiang Hao, Weina Li, Wei Zhang, Meng Li, Yingqi Zhang, Cun Zhang, Yuan Gao
Summary: Sorafenib is an effective drug for treating hepatocellular carcinoma, but drug resistance is common. This study developed a nanoparticle delivery system that targets hepatocellular carcinoma and enhances the anticancer activity of sorafenib by silencing GPX4 and DHODH genes.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Martijn H. van Heugten, Ewout J. Hoorn, Robert A. Fenton
Summary: This review discusses recent developments in the use of urinary extracellular vesicles (uEVs) for studying kidney physiology and disease. Studies in rats have shown significant correlations between protein levels in the kidney and uEVs, particularly for membrane-associated proteins. Similar protein changes have been observed in both kidney tissue and uEVs when rats are fed a high potassium diet, suggesting that uEVs can be used as a proxy for tissue analysis. While obtaining kidney-uEV correlations in humans is more challenging, analysis of uEVs from patients with kidney disorders has also shown consistent changes. Nephron mass has been identified as the main determinant of uEV excretion rate. Overall, uEVs show promise as noninvasive biomarkers for studying kidney physiology or disease, but the variations in per-protein correlations and per-person excretion rates should be considered in biomarker studies.
CURRENT OPINION IN NEPHROLOGY AND HYPERTENSION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pamali Fonseka, Mohashin Pathan, Sai Chitti, Taeyoung Kang, Suresh Mathivanan
Summary: High-throughput methods for profiling various biological systems have become routine in research laboratories worldwide. The FunRich tool enables biologists to perform functional enrichment analysis on generated datasets with customizable visualizations. It allows users to update background databases from UniProt, supporting annotations from over 18 taxonomies.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Thanh Kha Phan, Pamali Fonseka, Rochelle Tixeira, Mohashin Pathan, Ching-Seng Ang, Dilara Ceyda Ozkocak, Suresh Mathivanan, Ivan Ka Ho Poon
Summary: Apoptotic bodies (ApoBDs) are large extracellular vesicles released exclusively by apoptotic cells, possessing therapeutically exploitable properties. The PANX1 channel has been identified as a key regulator of ApoBD formation, influencing both nuclear content packaging and ApoBD size. Pharmacologically targeting PANX1 activity may enhance the therapeutic potential of ApoBD-based therapies.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pamali Fonseka, Sai V. Chitti, Rahul Sanwlani, Suresh Mathivanan
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Maria P. Ikonomopoulou, Yaiza Lopez-Mancheno, Marta G. Novelle, Maite Martinez-Una, Lahiru Gangoda, Martin Pal, Luis Filipe Costa-Machado, Pablo Jose Fernandez-Marcos, Grant A. Ramm, Manuel Alejandro Fernandez-Rojo
Summary: This study demonstrates that cholesterol homeostasis and carbohydrate energy metabolism play a key role in sustaining the proliferation of Devil Facial Tumor Disease (DFTD) cells. By intervening against these processes with atorvastatin, a feasible biochemical treatment against DFTD is possible, which may assist in the conservation of the Tasmanian devil population.
Article
Cell Biology
Pamali Fonseka, Taeyoung Kang, Sing Chee, Sai V. Chitti, Rahul Sanwlani, Ching-Seng Ang, Suresh Mathivanan
Summary: Neuroblastoma is a type of childhood cancer, with MEVs showing potential in reducing proliferation and increasing cell sensitivity in neuroblastoma cells by downregulating proteins and enhancing cellular senescence and apoptosis. This study provides a temporal proteomic profile of cancer cells upon treatment with MEVs for the first time.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lahiru Gangoda, Robyn L. Schenk, Sarah A. Best, Christina Nedeva, Cynthia Louis, Damian B. D'Silva, Kirsten Fairfax, Andrew G. Jarnicki, Hamsa Puthalakath, Kate D. Sutherland, Andreas Strasser, Marco J. Herold
Summary: Inflammation is a natural defense mechanism of the body against pathogens, but its sustained presence can lead to various pathologies. The excessive activity of immune cells plays a critical role in chronic inflammation, but research suggests that A1 may not have a major impact on the survival of immune cells during inflammation.
CELL DEATH AND DIFFERENTIATION
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Luize G. Lima, Sunyoung Ham, Hyunku Shin, Edna P. Z. Chai, Erica S. H. Lek, Richard J. Lobb, Alexandra F. Muller, Suresh Mathivanan, Belinda Yeo, Yeonho Choi, Belinda S. Parker, Andreas Moller
Summary: Exosomes secreted by cancer cells play a crucial role in metastasis, with cytokines in the tumor microenvironment binding to exosomes and promoting their uptake by specific cell lineages and organs to enhance metastatic dissemination. This interaction between exosomes and cytokines is a key determinant of cancer progression.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Lahiru Gangoda, Robyn L. Schenk, Lin Tai, Pacman Szeto, Jen G. Cheung, Andreas Strasser, Guillaume Lessene, Mark Shackleton, Marco J. Herold
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Sriram Gummadi, Taeyoung Kang, Pamali Fonseka, Sai Chitti, Ching-Seng Ang, Suresh Mathivanan
Summary: In this study, a user-friendly standalone tool called Pep2Graph was developed to integrate and analyze in-gel proteomics data, facilitating the study of proteolytic events in normal physiology and pathology.
Article
Oncology
Lap Hing Chi, Ryan S. N. Cross, Richard P. Redvers, Melissa Davis, Soroor Hediyeh-zadeh, Suresh Mathivanan, Monisha Samuel, Erin C. Lucas, Kellie Mouchemore, Philip A. Gregory, Cameron N. Johnstone, Robin L. Anderson
Summary: The activity of the MiR-21 gene plays an important role in the growth and metastasis of mammary tumors. Suppressing miR-21 in highly metastatic tumors leads to regression of primary tumor growth and alteration of immune infiltrate and gene expression. Additionally, miR-21 promotes tumor metastasis.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sushma Anand, Ian A. Trounce, Lahiru Gangoda
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a significant role in eye health and disease, with potential for monitoring disease phenotypes and therapeutic outcomes. The relationship between EVs and mitochondria dysfunction could contribute to various eye disorders. EVs are gaining attention as potential therapeutics and drug-delivery vehicles for treating eye diseases.
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Pamali Fonseka, Suresh Mathivanan
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Sai V. V. Chitti, Christina Nedeva, Raja Manickam, Pamali Fonseka, Suresh Mathivanan
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a critical role in cancer by facilitating the interaction between cancer cells and their microenvironment. Targeting the release of tumor-derived EVs has been proposed as an ideal strategy for cancer treatment, and EVs have shown potential as drug delivery vehicles in preclinical settings.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Rahul Sanwlani, Taeyoung Kang, Sriram Gummadi, Christina Nedeva, Ching-Seng Ang, Suresh Mathivanan
Summary: In this study, bovine milk-derived extracellular vesicles (MEVs) were isolated and characterized. It was found that MEVs sensitize triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells to doxorubicin, reducing their metabolic potential and cell viability. Proteomic analysis suggests that combinatorial treatment depletes pro-tumorigenic gene products and metabolic proteins, which are therapeutic targets in TNBC. The study highlights the potential of bovine MEVs to enhance the sensitivity of TNBC cells to doxorubicin and pave the way for novel treatment regimens.
Article
Cell Biology
Sushma Anand, Christina Nedeva, Sai V. Chitti, Pamali Fonseka, Taeyoung Kang, Lahiru Gangoda, Nishat I. Tabassum, Suad Abdirahman, Thiruma V. Arumugam, Tracy L. Putoczki, Sharad Kumar, Suresh Mathivanan
Summary: This study provides evidence for the role of ubiquitin ligase NEDD4 in regulating resistance to the commonly used CRC chemotherapeutic drug 5-fluorouracil (5-FU).
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2023)
