Article
Immunology
Pawel Krzyzek, Pawel Migdal, Rossella Grande, Grazyna Gosciniak
Summary: It is widely accepted that biofilm production is a protective mechanism against various stressors, including antibiotics. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance in Helicobacter pylori. The results showed a strong correlation between biofilm formation and resistance to clarithromycin. Additionally, strong biofilm producers formed more biofilm and produced more eDNA and proteins within the biofilm matrix compared to weak biofilm producers. Moreover, strong biofilm producers exhibited higher tendency for autoaggregation and had morphostructural differences compared to weak biofilm counterparts.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Kartika Afrida Fauzia, Hafeza Aftab, Muhammad Miftahussurur, Langgeng Agung Waskito, Vo Phuoc Tuan, Ricky Indra Alfaray, Takashi Matsumoto, Michiyuki Yurugi, Phawinee Subsomwong, Evariste Tshibangu Kabamba, Junko Akada, Yoshio Yamaoka
Summary: This study examined the relationship between SNPs and biofilm formation in H. pylori strains from Bangladeshi patients. The results showed that 19.6% of the strains were high-biofilm formers and 81.4% were low-biofilm formers. Analysis of the SNPs in biofilm-related genes revealed a significant association with high-biofilm formation.
Review
Infectious Diseases
Hung-Hsiang Lai, Ming-Wei Lai
Summary: Helicobacter pylori infection can cause various gastrointestinal diseases, and the current treatment options for pediatric patients often fail to achieve satisfactory eradication rates. Further research is needed to establish the best practice for treating pediatric H. pylori infection.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Irina Medakina, Larisa Tsapkova, Vera Polyakova, Sergey Nikolaev, Tatyana Yanova, Natalia Dekhnich, Igor Khatkov, Dmitry Bordin, Natalia Bodunova
Summary: Helicobacter pylori is a common cause of human infections and can lead to various gastrointestinal diseases. The prevalence of H. pylori infection varies regionally and can be as high as 80%. Increasing antibiotic resistance of H. pylori is a major problem for treatment. The VI Maastricht Consensus recommends individualized therapy based on evaluating sensitivity to antibacterial drugs and empirical therapy considering local resistance data. Therefore, determining H. pylori resistance to antibiotics, especially clarithromycin, is crucial for choosing appropriate treatment regimens.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Microbiology
Raluca Ioana Dascalu, Alexandra Bolocan, Dan Nicolae Paduaru, Alexandru Constantinescu, Magda Mihaela Mitache, Anca Daniela Stoica, Octavian Andronic
Summary: Helicobacter pylori (Hp) is a common pathogen causing chronic bacterial infections and gastrointestinal diseases. The prevalence of Hp infection varies worldwide and is related to socio-economic status, especially during childhood. The increasing antibiotic resistance, poor patient compliance, and bacterial-related factors contribute to the challenge in successfully eradicating Hp. New eradication regimens and strain susceptibility testing are important for effective treatment.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Yican Zhao, Yuying Cai, Zhenghong Chen, Huanjie Li, Zhengzheng Xu, Wenjuan Li, Jihui Jia, Yundong Sun
Summary: The incidence of drug-resistant Helicobacter pylori infection has increased recently, with biofilm formation conferring multidrug resistance. Reactive oxygen species released by host immune cells cannot effectively clear H. pylori, and hydrogen peroxide promotes biofilm formation. Upregulation of SpoT and NapA play key roles in this process.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Francesca Celiberto, Giuseppe Losurdo, Maria Pricci, Bruna Girardi, Angela Marotti, Alfredo Di Leo, Enzo Ierardi
Summary: A paradigm shift is needed in the treatment of H. pylori infection due to increasing antibiotic resistance. Currently, sensitivity tests are not widely available, leading to empirical treatments without considering the need for accessibility of sensitivity tests. Genotypic resistance testing of fecal samples using molecular biology methods is less invasive and more acceptable to patients. This review aims to update the state of the art of molecular fecal susceptibility testing and discuss its potential benefits for large-scale deployment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Xiaofen Jia, Qiuyue Huang, Miaomiao Lin, Yingming Chu, Zongming Shi, Xuezhi Zhang, Hui Ye
Summary: This study investigates the bactericidal effect of Jinghua Weikang capsule (JWC) on drug-resistant Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) strains and its mechanism of action in reversing antibiotic resistance. JWC exhibits considerable antibacterial activity against drug-resistant H. pylori strains and can reverse metronidazole resistance. JWC also inhibits biofilm formation, reduces the expression of efflux pump-related genes, and decreases H. pylori adhesion to gastric epithelial cells.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Liyuan Wang, Yanbo Yu, Yucen Tao, Mingzhong Zhao, Lu Zhang, Junyuan Xue, Yican Zhao, Peng Zhan, Yundong Sun
Summary: This study found that quinone-derived compound M5N32 can effectively inhibit the growth of H. pylori, including in its biofilm-forming state. Resistance to M5N32 did not develop in successive generations of the bacteria. In mice, the combination of M5N32 and omeprazole had enhanced effects compared to the standard triple therapy. M5N32 was non-toxic to normal tissues.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Paulius Jonaitis, Olga P. Nyssen, Ilaria Maria Saracino, Giulia Fiorini, Dino Vaira, Angeles Perez-Aisa, Bojan Tepes, Manuel Castro-Fernandez, Manuel Pabon-Carrasco, Alma Keco-Huerga, Irina Voynovan, Alfredo J. Lucendo, Angel Lanas, Samuel J. Martinez-Dominguez, Enrique Alfaro Almajano, Luis Rodrigo, Ludmila Vologzanina, Natasa Brglez Jurecic, Maja Denkovski, Luis Bujanda, Umud Mahmudov, Marcis Leja, Frode Lerang, Gulustan Babayeva, Dmitry S. Bordin, Antonio Gasbarrini, Juozas Kupcinskas, Oleksiy Gridnyev, Theodore Rokkas, Ricardo Marcos-Pinto, Perminder S. Phull, Sinead M. Smith, Ante Tonkic, Doron Boltin, Gyorgy Miklos Buzas, Stepan Sembera, Halis Simsek, Tamara Matysiak-Budnik, Vladimir Milivojevic, Wojciech Marlicz, Marino Venerito, Lyudmila Boyanova, Michael Doulberis, Lisette G. Capelle, Anna Cano-Catala, Leticia Moreira, Francis Megraud, Colm O'Morain, Javier P. Gisbert, Laimas Jonaitis
Summary: The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection remains high in older populations. There are some differences in the diagnostics and treatment of H. pylori between younger and older patients, but overall there are no clinically relevant differences in effectiveness. Optimal efficacy can be achieved by using bismuth and non-bismuth-based quadruple therapies.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Julie Nguyen, Kallirroi Kotilea, Patrick Bontems, Veronique Yvette Miendje Deyi
Summary: In the context of epidemiology, the manifestation of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection varies between children and adults. The prevalence of H. pylori infection is decreasing globally, including in many developing countries. However, pediatric H. pylori infection and its consequences remain a concern in some areas. Most infected children do not show symptoms, and there is no evidence supporting the link between H. pylori and functional disorders like recurrent abdominal pain. The pathophysiology of H. pylori infection depends on complex bacterial virulence mechanisms and their interaction with the host immune system and environmental factors. Various gastritis phenotypes can develop, potentially leading to different gastroduodenal pathologies. The diagnosis of H. pylori infection in children requires upper gastrointestinal endoscopy with mucosal biopsy samples for histology and culture, or at least Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Eradication treatment should be given when necessary and compliance is expected, with treatment choice based on antimicrobial susceptibility. Vigilant surveillance of resistance patterns and strategic antibiotic management are crucial for combating multidrug resistance.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fan Liu, Jing Yu, Yan-Xia Zhang, Fangzheng Li, Qi Liu, Yueyang Zhou, Shengshuo Huang, Houqin Fang, Zhuping Xiao, Lujian Liao, Jinyi Xu, Xin-Yan Wu, Fang Wu
Summary: This study developed a high-throughput assay for ammonia and identified several drugs that inhibit urease activity, providing a basis for new treatments for urease-containing pathogens.
Review
Microbiology
Claudia Sousa, Rute Ferreira, Nuno F. Azevedo, Monica Oleastro, Joana Azeredo, Ceu Figueiredo, Luis D. R. Melo
Summary: H. pylori infection treatment faces challenges due to antibiotic resistance, leading to the development of alternative strategies like probiotics, antimicrobial peptides, and photodynamic therapy. Human vaccine development remains a major challenge, while natural products show potential against H. pylori, requiring further clinical studies.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Meiliang Gong, Yingjie Han, Xuning Wang, Hongjin Tao, Fansen Meng, Baicun Hou, Benjamin B. Sun, Gangshi Wang
Summary: Increasing temperature can inhibit the growth of H. pylori and reduce its resistance to metronidazole. Redox pathways may play a potential role in temperature-induced changes in metronidazole resistance.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Vaneet Jearth, Mitali Madhumita Rath, Abhirup Chatterjee, Aditya Kale, Manas Kumar Panigrahi
Summary: Helicobacter pylori is a common chronic bacterial infection affecting half of the world's population. It is classified as a Class I carcinogen and is linked to the majority of stomach cancer cases worldwide. Antibiotic resistance in H. pylori is a major public health concern and a leading cause of eradication failure. This review provides an overview of H. pylori antibiotic resistance patterns, mechanisms, and clinical implications, as well as a discussion on current testing methods and evidence-based approaches to treatment.