Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Hongfeng Huang, Mai Jiang, Lili Wei, Chongyu Liu, Shuai Liu
Summary: The study showed that the Al-5.5 Mg-0.3Mn-0.28c-0.1Zr alloy experienced inhibited dynamic recrystallization due to the pinning effect of AlxMn and Al-3(Sc, Zr) precipitates, resulting in a significant improvement in mechanical properties at low equivalent strain. At high equivalent strain, dislocation recombination led to the formation of grain boundaries, resulting in a noticeable structure refinement.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Cleber Granato de Faria, Natanael Geraldo Silva Almeida, Karla Balzuweit, Maria Teresa Paulino Aguilar, Paulo Roberto Cetlin
Summary: The application of Low Strain Amplitude Multi-Directional Forging (LSA-MDF) to aluminum after 4 Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) passes resulted in a regeneration of the material's work hardening capacity, an increased fraction of High Angle Grain Boundaries (HAGBs), and a decrease in distorted grains displaying internal dislocation structures.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Nikhil Kumar
Summary: In this study, open die multi-axial forging (MAF) of 6082 Al alloy at room temperature resulted in a gradient microstructure and mechanical properties from the periphery towards the center. The high driving force at the center of the MAF sample led to an increase in sub-grains size and volume fraction of recrystallized grains.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Partha Sarathi Sahoo, Manas Mohan Mahapatra, Pandu Ranga Vundavilli, Rama Krushna Sabat, Sachin Sirohi, Sanjeev Kumar
Summary: The effects of multiple passes of equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) on magnesium alloy sheets were investigated in this study. The microstructural analysis showed evidence of ultrafine grain refinement (UFG) due to severe plastic deformation. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed the presence of phases responsible for the enhancement of mechanical properties. The room temperature tensile and compressive strengths, as well as the hardness of the sheets, were significantly improved after multiple passes of hot ECAP.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
A. Shamsolhodaei, A. Zarei-Hanzaki, H. R. Abedi, A. Safdel, M. Peterlechner
Summary: In this study, a high cumulative true strain was applied on a near equiatomic NiTi shape memory alloy through multi-axial forging, resulting in a full shape memory response without residual strain under decreasing temperature conditions. The effects of compound twins on stabilizing the pre-existing martensite structure and favoring the detwinning stage compared to type I and type II deformation twins were discussed as important factors in this behavior.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shahid Ghafoor, Yanle Li, Ganglin Zhao, Jinhui Li, Irfan Ullah, Fangyi Li
Summary: This paper investigates the effect of ultrasonic vibrations on forming forces, thickness distribution, and stress-strain distribution in multi-stage sheet forming. The results show that ultrasonic vibration effectively reduces forming forces, improves plastic deformation, and optimizes stress distribution. It is discovered that by applying ultrasonic vibration at the appropriate forming stages, formability and thickness distribution can be successfully improved.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Nirab Pant, Nisha Verma, Yinon Ashkenazy, Pascal Bellon, Robert S. Averback
Summary: This study investigates phase evolution in FCC metals with strongly interacting alloy components during severe plastic deformation through molecular dynamics simulations. Key findings include nucleation and growth of precipitates, dissolution of precipitates, a direct relationship between effective temperature and shear modulus, and the importance of cluster agglomeration during precipitate growth. The results are compared to a modified effective temperature model, providing insights into the atomic processes and their implications for inhomogeneous systems.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Asli Gunay Bulutsuz
Summary: The industrial usage of ultrafine-grained materials is limited due to high manufacturing costs, but the application of ultrasonic-assisted incremental equal channel angular pressing (UI-ECAP) can lead to smaller and more equiaxed grain geometry, finer precipitates, and higher strength compared to traditional processes.
ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATERIALS
(2021)
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Daniel Fruchart, Nataliya Skryabina, Patricia de Rango, Marjan Fouladvind, Valery Aptukov
Summary: The study of metal forging has yielded important insights into the principles of Severe Plastic Deformation (SPD). This research has helped us understand the microstructural variations that occur during metal deformation, including grain size and shape, dislocation density, slip bands, and twins. SPD techniques like ECAP, HPT, and ARB have shown significant promise for solid state hydrogen storage. However, scaling these techniques up for mass production is challenging due to the time and energy-intensive nature of the processes. Extreme fast forging (FF) can introduce defects and refine grain sizes, resulting in excellent hydrogen reactivity in certain materials.
MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Nayara Aparecida Neres da Silva, Pedro Henrique R. Pereira, Elaine Carballo Siqueira Correa, Maria Teresa Paulino Aguilar, Paulo Roberto Cetlin
Summary: Experiments were conducted to examine the flow behavior and microstructural evolution in a Zn-Al-Cu-Mg alloy processed by multi-directional forging (MDF). The alloy exhibited shear banding, twinning, work hardening, grain refinement, and flow softening in different stages of deformation. Different components in the alloy displayed various kinetics of hardening and grain refinement, with the rule of mixtures overestimating the flow stresses compared to in-situ stress-strain curve.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Min Yu, Tom Reddyhoff, Daniele Dini, Andrew Holmes, Catherine O'Sullivan
Summary: This article presents a novel method of estimating particle size using acoustic emission (AE) signals induced by axial interface shearing. A test setup is developed to enable axial interface shearing and various parameters are varied to test the acoustic response. Linear regression models are built to correlate AE parameters with particle size, resulting in low fitting errors. The potential application of this technique lies in field testing and in situ characterization of geological deposits.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
A. Kedharnath, Rajeev Kapoor, Apu Sarkar
Summary: This study investigates the evolution of microstructure of Ta during multi-axial forging and focuses on the movement and interaction of grain boundaries during deformation. Through multi-axial forging of coarse grained (CG) tantalum in a closed channel die, the grain size is refined and the strength of the material is increased. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are used to study the mechanisms of grain boundary evolution during deformation. It is found that low angle grain boundaries (LAGBs) have high mobility, while high angle grain boundaries (HAGBs) have low mobility, and the decrease in HAGBs during initial deformation is attributed to the dissociation of low mobility HAGBs into higher mobility grain boundaries.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REFRACTORY METALS & HARD MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zhuoqing Xu, Nan Hu, Yuan Lu, Xiaochang Xu
Summary: The biocompatible beta-type Ti-45Nb alloy with a low elastic modulus shows promising potential in reducing stress shielding effect for Ti-based hard-tissue replacement implants. Through multi-axial compression (MAC) processing, ultra-fine-grained microstructures with different grain sizes were achieved, leading to improved mechanical and fretting wear properties of Ti-45Nb alloys. Grain refinement was found to help decrease friction coefficient and wear rate, shifting the wear mechanism from severe adhesive wear to abrasive wear with slight adhesive wear and oxidative wear, enhancing the anti-fretting properties of Ti-45Nb alloys.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Yasin Alemdag, Sadun Karabiyik, Anastasia V. Mikhaylovskaya, Mikhail S. Kishchik, Gencaga Purcek
Summary: The hypoeutectic Al-7Si based alloy containing Zn and Cu was severely deformed using multidirectional forging (MDF) process at 200 degrees C in this study. The MDF process led to a refinement in alpha-Al grains and hard particles of crystallization origin, and also provided a method for formation of secondary precipitates within the alloy's microstructure. It was determined that MDF increased the tensile properties of the alloy but decreased its hardness, while converting brittle type fracture of homogenized alloy to ductile type.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jingxu Zheng, Yue Deng, Jiefu Yin, Tian Tang, Regina Garcia-Mendez, Qing Zhao, Lynden A. Archer
Summary: Control of crystallography in metal electrodeposit films is crucial for long battery lifetimes, with the ARB process demonstrating significant improvements in crystallographic uniformity and plating/stripping performance. This concept can potentially be applied to various metal chemistries to develop highly reversible thin metal anodes, highlighting opportunities for future battery advancements.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Mohammad Javad Sohrabi, Hamed Mirzadeh, Saeed Sadeghpour, Reza Mahmudi
Summary: The mechanical behavior and martensite formation of austenitic steels have been studied in relation to grain size. It was found that there is a significant change in mechanical properties and transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) effect in the transition grain size range of 34 to 90 μm. Increasing grain size promotes the formation of deformation-induced martensite, but suppresses it at coarser grain sizes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLASTICITY
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Sara Mohammadzehi, Hamed Mirzadeh, Mohammad Javad Sohrabi, Milad Roostaei, Reza Mahmudi
Summary: The study examined the evolution of mechanical properties in an AISI 316L austenitic stainless steel during cold rolling using unidirectional and cross-rolling routes. It was found that cross-rolling with a low thickness reduction of 25% resulted in the formation of higher amounts of strain-induced martensite and dislocation density, leading to a strong combination of transformation strengthening and work hardening effects. At a high thickness reduction of 75%, both rolling routes showed comparable strengthening effects, but cross-rolling exhibited less pronounced directionality of mechanical properties. The study proposed an alternative method for evaluating anisotropy in cold rolled sheets and demonstrated the potential of cross-rolling in enhancing mechanical properties, preserving equiaxed structure, and reducing anisotropy and directionality compared to unidirectional rolling.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Milad Maleki, Fatemeh Jamei, Massoud Emamy, Hamed Mirzadeh
Summary: The effects of nickel addition to magnesium in the hypoeutectic range were examined in the as-cast and extruded conditions. The results showed that at low nickel content (5 wt-%), grain-boundary eutectics were present in the refined alpha-Mg matrix, while at high nickel content (15 wt-%), the eutectic constituent became the matrix of the alloy with the appearance of alpha-Mg rosettes. The addition of nickel up to 15 wt-% significantly improved the strength-ductility balance. Moreover, the formation of long Mg2Ni particles at the boundaries of eutectic colonies was explained based on the cooling curve thermal analysis results. Additionally, the remarkable grain refinement through dynamic recrystallisation (DRX) and fragmentation/dispersion of intermetallic particles during hot extrusion resulted in improved tensile strength, ductility, and toughness.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Mohammad Javad Sohrabi, Hamed Mirzadeh, Saeed Sadeghpour, Reza Mahmudi
Summary: The study examined the effects of nucleation site and morphology of deformation-induced martensite on the work-hardening behavior of TRIP-assisted austenitic stainless steel with different austenite grain sizes. It was found that the nucleation site of a'-martensite changed from grain boundaries to interior regions of deformed grains, and the morphology changed from blocky to film-like with increasing grain size. The formation of film-like a'-martensite on shear bands and their intersections resulted in higher work-hardening rate compared to blocky a'-martensite formed on grain boundaries.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2023)
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Mohammad Saleh Geshani, Parastoo Mahmoud Kalayeh, Amir Hossein Asadi, Hamed Mirzadeh, Mehdi Malekan, Massoud Emamy
Summary: Due to their excellent mechanical properties, magnesium alloys with long-period stacking ordered (LPSO) structures have gained significant attention. This overview article reviews the atomic structures, formation mechanisms, transformations, and morphology of LPSO phases in various Mg-based systems, as well as the effects of thermomechanical processing and severe plastic deformation techniques on the grain refinement and dispersion of LPSO phases. Furthermore, the application of friction stir processing and friction stir welding for LPSO-containing Mg alloys in terms of microstructural evolution, mechanical properties, and strengthening mechanisms is critically discussed. Future suggestions include studying the kinetics of LPSO phase formation, exploring emerging processing technologies, evaluating processing parameters, characterizing recrystallization mechanisms, and investigating superplasticity during hot deformation of LPSO-containing Mg alloys.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Mohammad Javad Sohrabi, Hamed Mirzadeh, Milad Roostaei, Oliver Renk, Abdol Reza Geranmayeh, Reza Mahmudi
Summary: The effects of cold rolling, subsequent continuous heating, and aging on the microstructure and tensile properties of AISI 904L superaustenitic stainless steel were studied. Cold rolling led to high strength but reduced ductility in subsequent tensile testing. Recrystallization and fine grain size were observed upon continuous heating, accompanied by the precipitation of fine Cr-Mo-rich sigma-phase. Grain refinement during thermomechanical processing significantly improved the yield stress, but deviations from the Hall-Petch relation were observed due to the precipitation of intragranular sigma-phase, affecting the elongation to failure.
ARCHIVES OF CIVIL AND MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Mohammad Reza Zamani, Milad Roostaei, Hamed Mirzadeh, Mehdi Malekan, Min Song
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between the parameters of cold rolling and annealing process, interstitial element content, and their interactions in the processing and grain refinement of interstitial-containing high-entropy alloys (HEAs). Machine learning models and mathematical relationships are proposed to guide the design and prediction of the microstructure and properties of HEAs.
CURRENT OPINION IN SOLID STATE & MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Mohammad Reza Zamani, Hamed Mirzadeh, Mehdi Malekan
Summary: The potentials of artificial neural network (ANN) modelling for investigating the hot deformation behaviour of high-entropy alloys and multi-principal element alloys during thermomechanical processing are assessed. ANN accurately predicts the flow stress and can generate a significantly larger output dataset compared to limited experimental data, providing valuable insights for understanding microstructural mechanisms and obtaining hot working parameters.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Aria Afsharnaderi, Mehrab Lotfpour, Ahmad Bahmani, Hamed Mirzadeh, Mehdi Malekan, Massoud Emamy, Mojtaba Fatehi Mollayousef, Soraya Bornay Zonoozi
Summary: The synergetic effect of strontium (Sr) and rare earth elements (RE) on the corrosion properties of as-cast Mg-9Al-1Zn alloy were investigated. The addition of 0.5 wt-% RE and 0.5 wt-% Sr (RE/Sr ratio of 1) significantly reduced the corrosion rate of AZ91. This was attributed to the modification of the β-Mg17Al12 phase and the formation of proper amounts of Al11RE3 and Al4Sr intermetallics, which minimized the micro-galvanic corrosion. However, an excessive RE/Sr ratio impaired the corrosion resistance, possibly due to the excess amounts of Al11RE3 and Al4Sr intermetallics causing micro-galvanic effect.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Mohammad Javad Sohrabi, Hamed Mirzadeh, Saeed Sadeghpour, Reza Mahmudi
Summary: The yielding of deformation-induced martensite leads to the decrease of work-hardening rate and restrains the strengthening effect of strain-induced martensitic transformation and tensile ductility.
SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
(2023)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Saeed Deldar, Hamed Mirzadeh, Mohammad Habibi Parsa
Summary: This study investigates the microstructure and mechanical properties of a low-alloy Cu-bearing TRIP steel and their dependence on the processing history. It is found that the distributions of retained austenite and bainite are influenced by the initial cold-rolled microstructure, which can be controlled by hot-rolling route and cooling rate. The mechanical properties and TRIP effect are strongly influenced by the initial microstructure, and the addition of copper improves the amount of retained austenite and strength-ductility balance.
STEEL RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Sajad Ghaemifar, Hamed Mirzadeh
Summary: In this study, the effects of direct aging treatment on Inconel 718 superalloy manufactured by selective laser melting were systematically investigated. It was found that direct aging can achieve peak aged condition at shorter holding times compared to aging after heat treatment. The precipitation kinetics of gamma '' phase were analyzed using hardness measurements and microstructural analysis, which provided consistent results for the activation energy.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
S. A. H. Hosseini, O. Rahmani, V. Refaeinejad, H. Golmohammadi, M. Montazeripour
Summary: This paper investigates the effect of deepness on the in-plane free vibration behavior of a curved functionally graded nanobeam based on nonlocal elasticity theory. Differential equations and boundary conditions are developed using Hamilton's principle, and nonlocal theory is adopted to study the size effect. Material properties vary in the radial direction. The natural frequencies are obtained using the Navier solution technique. Furthermore, the influence of the deepness effect on vibrations is considered by examining the thickness to radius ratio and the differences percentage between cases with and without deepness effect is studied. The results show that the arc angle and power law exponent parameters have the most significant impact on the differences percentage.
ADVANCES IN AIRCRAFT AND SPACECRAFT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Sajedeh Valeh, Hamed Mirzadeh, Milad Roostaei, Mohammad Javad Sohrabi
Summary: In this study, the effects of Ti microalloying and thermomechanical processing on the recrystallization behavior and mechanical properties of type 316 stainless steel were investigated. The presence of Ti and TiC carbides were found to play important roles in grain refinement. Annealing resulted in the formation of fine-grained microstructures and improved mechanical properties.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Mohammad Javad Sohrabi, Hamed Mirzadeh, Saeed Sadeghpour, Reza Mahmudi
Summary: This study compares the kinetics of alpha'-martensite formation in the ultrafine-grained (UFG) and coarse-grained regimes using AISI 304L stainless steel. The results show that the simple JMAK-type model, which considers the dependency of the volume fraction of alpha'-martensite on the strain, can effectively model the experimental data, predict nucleation sites based on theoretical Avrami exponents, and characterize the transformation kinetics at low and high strains.
IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
