Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Karuna Sharma, Rupam Kapoor
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the metabolic changes in mungbean genotypes with different salt tolerance under salt stress mediated by Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (AM). The results showed that colonization by Claroideoglomus etunicatum improved the growth, photosynthetic efficiency, total protein content, and reduced stress markers, indicating stress alleviation in mungbean plants. AM upregulated components of the Tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle differently in salt tolerant (ST) and salt sensitive (SS) genotypes, which could be linked to AM-mediated modulation in nutrient uptake. AM also affected gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glyoxylate pathways. The study advances the understanding of how AM mitigates salt stress by regulating central carbon metabolism and promoting the formation of stress-alleviating metabolites.
Review
Cell Biology
Raed Al-Saharin, Hanjo Hellmann, Sutton Mooney
Summary: Plants have developed complex regulatory systems, such as the ubiquitin proteasome pathway, to cope with abiotic stresses. This pathway utilizes E3 ligases to target proteins for degradation, and it plays important roles in various biological and developmental processes in plants.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Arana-Hidalgo Dana, Silva-Palacios Alejandro
Summary: SFN acts as a versatile nutraceutical agent by regulating cellular stress responses and modulating ER stress through the Nrf2-mediated antioxidant pathway, thus maintaining cellular homeostasis balance.
Article
Microbiology
Jie Zeng, Liwen Wu, Zhou Liu, Yihua Lv, Jinzhi Feng, Weijie Wang, Yunxin Xue, Dai Wang, Jiabin Li, Karl Drlica, Xilin Zhao
Summary: The study reveals that GaNt kills bacteria by elevating intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), while gain-of-function mutations in the evgS gene enhance tolerance by activating acid resistance pathways and preventing ROS accumulation.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vanessa Ribeiro, Susana G. G. Martins, Ana Sofia Lopes, Solveig Thorsteinsdottir, Rita Zilhao, Ana Rita Carlos
Summary: NFIX, a member of the NFI family, plays a crucial role in embryonic development, but its expression is limited in adults. NFIX is found to be altered in tumors, promoting both pro-tumorigenic and tumor suppressor effects depending on the cancer type. The regulation of NFIX is complex, involving multiple processes and interactions with other factors. In this review, we explore the role of NFIX in development and cancer, emphasizing its involvement in oxidative stress and cell fate regulation. We also propose mechanisms through which oxidative stress modulates NFIX function, highlighting NFIX as a key factor in tumorigenesis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Anastasiia Sharko, Benjamin Spitzbarth, Thomas M. Hermans, Rienk Eelkema
Summary: This article introduces shunts in chemical reaction networks (CRNs), which are widely distributed in nature, allowing adaptability to both external and internal stimuli. By using weak oxidants, access to two shunts with different kinetics and fewer side reactions compared to the main cycle driven by strong oxidants can be achieved in this CRN. Additionally, a strategy is proposed to recycle one of the main products under flow conditions to partially reverse the CRN and control product speciation over time. These findings provide new levels of control in artificial CRNs driven by redox chemistry, bridging the gap between synthetic and natural systems.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Md. Fakhrul Azad, Pranav Dawar, Nevzat Esim, Christopher D. Rock
Summary: In plants, sucrose plays a crucial role in regulating various aspects of the plant life cycle and serves as a signaling molecule involved in stress responses. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying sucrose-mediated stress adaptations are not well understood. In this study, deep sequencing of small RNA and mRNA transcriptomes revealed the effects of high sucrose stress on miRNA abundances and their target transcripts in Arabidopsis. We identified several miRNAs that are involved in sucrose-induced stress adaptations and discovered novel targets of these miRNAs that are relevant to carbon metabolic fluxes. These findings contribute to our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying carbon flux shifts in response to high sugar stress.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chiharuko Ushimoto, Shigeru Sugiki, Kenshirou Kunii, Shinya Inoue, Eriko Kuroda, Ryoko Akai, Takao Iwawaki, Katsuhito Miyazawa
Summary: Oxidative stress is a significant risk factor for calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis. This study investigates the association between oxidative stress response and stone formation through analyzing the response during different phases and observing the effect on crystal formation in mouse models. The findings suggest that the oxidative stress response via Keap1-Nrf2 pathway may contribute to crystal formation and could be a potential target for preventing and treating nephrolithiasis.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mireya Viviana Belloso Daza, Anna Scarsi, Francesca Gatto, Gabriele Rocchetti, Pier Paolo Pompa, Pier Sandro Cocconcelli
Summary: This study investigated the oxidative stress response of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium cells when exposed to 5 nm citrate coated platinum nanoparticles, revealing their mechanism as antimicrobial agents. The platinum nanoparticles mainly exerted their antibacterial effect through their oxidase-like properties, with stronger action on mutant strains under aerobic conditions. Additionally, the platinum nanoparticles demonstrated protective ROS scavenging action due to their efficient peroxidase mimicking activity.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Peike Sheng, Lu Li, Tianqi Li, Yuzhi Wang, Nicholas M. Hiers, Jennifer S. Mejia, Jossie S. Sanchez, Lei Zhou, Mingyi Xie
Summary: MicroRNAs (miRNA) bind to AGO proteins to degrade target mRNAs. However, extended base-pairing can trigger miRNA degradation and AGO protein degradation mediated by ZSWIM8 ubiquitin ligase. This study identifies TDMD triggers in AGO1 mRNA and demonstrates the physiological importance of miRNA degradation in Drosophila.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alexander S. Balkin, Andrey O. Plotnikov, Natalia E. Gogoleva, Yuri Gogolev, Kirill N. Demchenko, Sergey Cherkasov
Summary: The study revealed the gene expression pattern of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium within Acanthamoeba castellanii, showing downregulation of glycolysis-related genes and upregulation of glyoxylate cycle-related genes, as well as upregulation of genes associated with Salmonella Pathogenicity Island-1, chemotaxis system, and flagellar apparatus.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Celine Yen Ling Choo, Pei-Ching Wu, Jonar I. Yago, Kuang-Ren Chung
Summary: In this study, the researchers discovered a microbody called peroxisomes that are involved in fatty acid and hydrogen peroxide metabolism in eukaryotes. They found that the AaPex3 gene is responsible for peroxisome biogenesis and resistance to peroxides and superoxide-generating compounds. AaPex3 also affects gene expression related to ROS resistance and is involved in maintaining cell wall integrity and various important functions in the phytopathogenic fungus.
MICROBIOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Miriam Scicchitano, Cristina Carresi, Saverio Nucera, Stefano Ruga, Jessica Maiuolo, Roberta Macri, Federica Scarano, Francesca Bosco, Rocco Mollace, Antonio Cardamone, Anna Rita Coppoletta, Lorenza Guarnieri, Maria Caterina Zito, Irene Bava, Luca Cariati, Marta Greco, Daniela Patrizia Foti, Ernesto Palma, Micaela Gliozzi, Vincenzo Musolino, Vincenzo Mollace
Summary: Our study showed that Ica pretreatment of H9c2 cells before Doxo exposure improved cell viability, reduced ROS generation, prevented mitochondrial dysfunction and mPTP opening. Additionally, it was found that Ica inhibited Caveolin-1 expression levels and PDE5a activity, enhancing mitochondrial function and preventing apoptotic cell death while regulating autophagic processes.
Article
Microbiology
Yuanfeng Cai, Juanli Yun, Zhongjun Jia
Summary: We reconstructed the nearly complete genome of a Beijerinckiaceae methanotroph labeled as MO3_YZ.1 and found its close relationship with MO3 lineage and Methylocapsa based on phylogeny analysis. The MO3_YZ.1 strain has multiple metabolic pathways, including serine cycle for carbon assimilation and glyoxylate shunt for glyoxylate regeneration, as well as the potential ability to utilize acetate.
Review
Microbiology
Mohammad Aqa Mohammadi, Yan Cheng, Mohammad Aslam, Bello Hassan Jakada, Myat Hnin Wai, Kangzhuo Ye, Xiaoxue He, Tiantian Luo, Li Ye, Chunxing Dong, Bin Hu, S. V. G. N. Priyadarshani, Gefu Wang-Pruski, Yuan Qin
Summary: Phosphite (Phi) is a systemic pesticide that controls plant diseases, improves crop yield and quality, and induces physiological and biochemical changes under plant pathogen stress. Studies show that Phi plays an important role in plants, contributing to increased crop yield and improved tolerance.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)