Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sin-Yee Fung, Kam-Leung Siu, Huayue Lin, Man Lung Yeung, Dong-Yan Jin
Summary: Both SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 use NSPS proteins to antagonize IFN production, with variants like G15S and K90R retaining this antagonistic property.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Wenjing Wang, Zhuo Zhou, Xia Xiao, Zhongqin Tian, Xiaojing Dong, Conghui Wang, Li Li, Lili Ren, Xiaobo Lei, Zichun Xiang, Jianwei Wang
Summary: The study found that SARS-CoV-2 nsp12 suppresses host antiviral responses by attenuating specific IFN promoter activation and impacting the function of IRF3. These findings provide new insights into the viral pathogenesis.
CELLULAR & MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Hua Geng, Saravanan Subramanian, Longtao Wu, Heng-Fu Bu, Xiao Wang, Chao Du, Isabelle G. De Plaen, Xiao-Di Tan
Summary: The study shows that the ORF8 protein of SARS-CoV-2 forms aggregates in lung epithelial cells, but these aggregates do not affect cell proliferation and cycle progression. However, overexpression of ORF8 suppresses the basal expression of various antiviral molecules and reduces the induction of these molecules by IFN gamma in lung epithelial cells.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Liyan Sui, Yinghua Zhao, Wenfang Wang, Ping Wu, Zedong Wang, Yang Yu, Zhijun Hou, Guangyun Tan, Quan Liu
Summary: The study confirmed that the M protein of SARS-CoV-2 can suppress the production of host IFN, further impairing the production of IFN-I, providing a new perspective on understanding the immune suppression and pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yiwen Zhang, Yingshi Chen, Yuzhuang Li, Feng Huang, Baohong Luo, Yaochang Yuan, Baijin Xia, Xiancai Ma, Tao Yang, Fei Yu, Jun Liu, Bingfeng Liu, Zheng Song, Jingliang Chen, Shumei Yan, Liyang Wu, Ting Pan, Xu Zhang, Rong Li, Wenjing Huang, Xin He, Fei Xiao, Junsong Zhang, Hui Zhang
Summary: COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, significantly differs from SARS in its clinical and pathological characteristics. The viral protein ORF8 of SARS-CoV-2 interacts with MHC-I molecules, leading to their down-regulation and impairment of antigen presentation system, proposing ORF8 inhibition as a potential strategy for improving immune surveillance.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Cody J. Bills, Hongjie Xia, John Yun-Chung Chen, Jason Yeung, Birte K. Kalveram, David Walker, Xuping Xie, Pei-Yong Shi
Summary: Mutations outside the Spike gene in SARS-CoV-2, such as the triple deletion in nonstructural protein 6 (nsp6), can enhance the virus's ability to suppress interferon signaling, thereby affecting its pathogenicity and transmission.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Nenavath Gopal Naik, See-Chi Lee, Beatriz H. S. Veronese, Zhe Ma, Zsolt Toth
Summary: Recent studies have shown that the main viral protease NSP5 of SARS-CoV-2 interacts with the host epigenetic factor HDAC2, but its biological significance remains largely unknown. The interaction between NSP5 and HDAC2 was confirmed in this study, showing that NSP5 can inhibit the IFN signaling pathway independently of HDAC2.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Yongjun Sui, Jianping Li, David J. Venzon, Jay A. Berzofsky
Summary: The SARS-CoV-2 virus causes respiratory diseases, including pneumonia, by reducing the expression of ACE2 and type I interferons in the lungs. This downregulation may lead to severe lung failure associated with SARS-CoV-2 infections.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Ting Yu, Qiao Ling, Mengxin Xu, Niu Wang, Lixia Wang, Hanwen Lin, Manqi Cao, Yong Ma, Yuanyuan Wang, Kuibiao Li, Liubing Du, Yunyun Jin, Ying Li, Deyin Guo, Xiaoxue Peng, Yao-Qing Chen, Bo Zhao, Ji-An Pan
Summary: This study reveals the secretion mechanism of the ORF8 protein in coronaviruses and its impact on the reproductive system of mice. The findings provide a potential mouse model for investigating the effects of SARS-CoV-2 on the human reproductive system.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Thomas G. Flower, Cosmo Z. Buffalo, Richard M. Hooy, Marc Allaire, Xuefeng Ren, James H. Hurley
Summary: The crystal structure of SARS-CoV-2 ORF8 was determined at 2.04-angstrom resolution by X-ray crystallography, revealing unique dimerization interfaces that may allow the protein to form large-scale assemblies, potentially mediating immune suppression and evasion activities.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Luca Zinzula
Summary: The protein encoded by the ORF8 gene in SARS-CoV-2 plays important roles in viral replication, modulation of host cell metabolism, and evasion of immune responses. Virus variants with a deleted ORF8 gene have been associated with milder symptoms and better disease outcomes.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Fang Wu, Xin Chen, Yanhong Ma, Yuzhe Wu, Rui Li, Yuanwei Huang, Rong Zhang, Yaoqi Zhou, Jian Zhan, Shuwen Liu, Wei Xu
Summary: COVID-19, caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 virus, has triggered a global outbreak. In this study, the structure of SARS-CoV-2 ORF8 protein, a unique accessory protein expressed in mammalian cells, was determined using X-ray crystallography. The structure reveals important details about ORF8's involvement in immune regulation, including conservation disulfide bonds, a glycosylation site at N78, a lipid-binding pocket, and three functional loops that may interact with immune-related proteins. These findings provide potential targets for developing inhibitors to block ORF8-mediated immune regulation and contribute to the development of therapeutics for COVID-19.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Chandrabose Selvaraj, Dhurvas Chandrasekaran Dinesh, Emilia Maria Pedone, Abdulaziz S. Alothaim, Rajendran Vijayakumar, Ondippili Rudhra, Sanjeev Kumar Singh
Summary: This study provides detailed structural insights into SARS-CoV-2 ORF8 interchain disulfide bond disruptors through computational mutational studies and identifies potential drug candidates for disrupting the formation of the dimer by targeting the interchain disulfide bridge. These compounds may inhibit the potential functional role of ORF8 in host immune evasion and virulence pathogenicity.
BRIEFINGS IN FUNCTIONAL GENOMICS
(2023)
Article
Virology
Kuan Feng, Hui-Jiao Zhang, Yuan-Qin Min, Min Zhou, Fei Deng, Hua-Lin Wang, Pei-Qing Li, Yun-Jia Ning
Summary: COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, poses an unprecedented threat to human health. The progression of the disease is associated with impaired antiviral IFN responses. This study demonstrates that SARS-CoV-2 NSP13 protein antagonizes IFN response by targeting IRF3, independently of TBK1. The strong interaction between NSP13 and IRF3 suggests that IRF3 is a major target for NSP13 in immune evasion.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Jen-Mei Chou, Jo-Ling Tsai, Jo-Ning Hung, I-Hua Chen, Szu-Ting Chen, Ming-Han Tsai
Summary: This article reports on the strong potency of the accessory protein ORF8 in modulating the level and processing of the spike protein in SARS-CoV-2. ORF8 expression leads to downregulation and insufficient cleavage of the spike protein, potentially reducing the virus's infection potential.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Qian Xie, Xiaoyan He, Fangji Yang, Xuling Liu, Ying Li, Yujing Liu, ZhengMeng Yang, Jianhai Yu, Bao Zhang, Wei Zhao
IEEE-ACM TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY AND BIOINFORMATICS
(2018)
Article
Microbiology
Zhiran Qin, Yangyang Chen, Jianhai Yu, Xiaoen He, Xuling Liu, Li Zhu, Qinghua Wu, Chengsong Wan, Bao Zhang, Wei Zhao
Summary: This study successfully constructed a transcription template of ZIKV ZKC2 strain using infectious clones, and recovered rZKC2 strain through transfection. Two important mutation sites were identified, with significant impacts on rZKC2 recovery. Additionally, by studying an early-introduced ZIKV strain in China, a potential site for antiviral drug development was discovered.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Jianhai Yu, Zhiran Qin, Xuling Liu, Xiaoen He, Jinxiu Yao, Xuan Zhou, Kun Wen, Nan Yu, Qinghua Wu, Weiwei Xiao, Li Zhu, Chengsong Wan, Bao Zhang, Wei Zhao
Summary: This study analyzed the nucleocapsid protein of the novel coronavirus and identified specific epitopes that can effectively detect antibodies with high specificity. These findings can be used for serological diagnosis and kinetic studies of SARS-CoV-2 antibody detection.
COMPUTERS IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2022)
Letter
Infectious Diseases
Fen Ouyang, Huan Zhang, Yushan Jiang, Hesong Wang, Tingting Peng, Chang Xi, Jianhai Yu, Zhuolin Li, Jiayin Chen, Linfan Wu, Bao Zhang, Wei Zhao, Baisheng Li, Shi Ouyang, Chenguang Shen
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2023)