期刊
SENSORS
卷 22, 期 7, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/s22072531
关键词
smart implants; instrumented medical device; implant technology; bioelectronic implants; capacitive sensing; computing in medical devices
资金
- Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology [POCI-01-0145-FEDER-031132, UIDB/00481/2020, UIDP/00481/2020]
- Centro Portugal Regional Operational Programme Centro2020, under the PORTUGAL 2020 Partnership Agreement, through the European Regional Development Fund [CENTRO-01-0145- FEDER-022083]
This study demonstrates significant advancements in the design of future multifunctional smart implants through the use of cosurface capacitive sensing systems for monitoring bone-implant fixation states.
The world population growth and average life expectancy rise have increased the number of people suffering from non-communicable diseases, namely osteoarthritis, a disorder that causes a significant increase in the years lived with disability. Many people who suffer from osteoarthritis undergo replacement surgery. Despite the relatively high success rate, around 10% of patients require revision surgeries, mostly because existing implant technologies lack sensing devices capable of monitoring the bone-implant interface. Among the several monitoring methodologies already proposed as substitutes for traditional imaging methods, cosurface capacitive sensing systems hold the potential to monitor the bone-implant fixation states, a mandatory capability for long-term implant survival. A multifaceted study is offered here, which covers research on the following points: (1) the ability of a cosurface capacitor network to effectively monitor bone loosening in extended peri-implant regions and according to different stimulation frequencies; (2) the ability of these capacitive architectures to provide effective sensing in interfaces with hydroxyapatite-based layers; (3) the ability to control the operation of cosurface capacitive networks using extracorporeal informatic systems. In vitro tests were performed using a web-based network sensor composed of striped and interdigitated capacitive sensors. Hydroxyapatite-based layers have a minor effect on determining the fixation states; the effective operation of a sensor network-based solution communicating through a web server hosted on Raspberry Pi was shown. Previous studies highlight the inability of current bone-implant fixation monitoring methods to significantly reduce the number of revision surgeries, as well as promising results of capacitive sensing systems to monitor micro-scale and macro-scale bone-interface states. In this study, we found that extracorporeal informatic systems enable continuous patient monitoring using cosurface capacitive networks with or without hydroxyapatite-based layers. Findings presented here represent significant advancements toward the design of future multifunctional smart implants.
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