Article
Polymer Science
Marius Weinbrenner, Regino Weber, Thomas Neumeyer, Volker Altstaedt
Summary: This study investigated the density-dependent burning behavior of commercial bead foams using cone calorimetry, highlighting the importance of density in predicting thermal loads. The peak heat release rate of flame-retarded EPP and E-mPPE was found not to be dependent on density, indicating an increased homogeneity by addition of flame retardant.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Xingdong Chen, Wei Lan, Wei Dou
Summary: A polystyrene nanospheres coated red phosphorus (PSNS@RP) flame retardant was successfully prepared, with the ability to greatly reduce the release of phosphine and improve the material's ignition point and moisture absorption rate. Adding PSNS@RP to polyamide 66 (PA66) significantly improves the material's flame retardancy and thermal stability.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Carl-Christoph Hoehne, Robert Schmidt, Valeria Berner, Elke Metzsch-Zilligen, Erik Westphal, Rudolf Pfaendner, Christoph Mack
Summary: The paper discusses the challenges in producing PLA bead foams in the transition to a sustainable circular plastic economy in the plastic industry and how to achieve a class E classification for construction products without using flame retardants.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Manorama Tripathi, Surekha Parthasarathy, Raju Yadav, Prasun Kumar Roy
Summary: This study develops flexible syntactic foams based on silicone and hollow glass microballoons for use as lightweight thermal cum vapor barriers in fire-protective ensembles. The inclusion of microballoons significantly reduces the weight while improving the level of protection. Coating syntactic foam onto glass fabric enhances the thermal protective performance. This research demonstrates the potential of syntactic foam-coated glass fabric as a vapor cum thermal barrier in fire protective clothing.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Yoshifumi Hosokawa, Erika Nakashima, Tomonaga Ueno
Summary: This study analyzed the combustion process of polymers with different molecular weights in the vertical flame test through image analysis, revealing two stages in the combustion process and significant effects of molecular structure or molecular weight on flame characteristics and combustion behavior.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Simon T. Kaysser, Christian Bethke, Isabel Fernandez Romero, Angeline Wo Weng Wei, Christian A. Keun, Holger Ruckdaeschel, Volker Altstaedt
Summary: This study investigates the influence of different flame retardants on Novolac based epoxy foams and finds that Ammonium polyphosphate (APP) with a filler degree of 20 wt.% or higher performs the best. Multiple flame retardants with different mechanisms were used and their effects on burning behavior, as well as mechanical and thermal properties, were systematically evaluated.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Mark W. Beach, Kenneth L. Kearns, John W. Davis, John R. Stutzman, Dean Lee, Yuming Lai, Dana Monaenkova, Shari Kram, Jing Hu, Christine Lukas
Summary: This study investigated the degradation behavior of the polymeric flame retardant BLUEDGE used in polystyrene foams, revealing that thermal-oxidative and photolytic pathways are the main degradation pathways, with UV degradation primarily occurring at the surface. Changes in polymer molecular weight were observed during degradation, but minimal bromine loss was detected in the foam.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Wei Zhao, Hai-Bo Zhao, Jin-Bo Cheng, Wenxiong Li, Jiayan Zhang, Yu-Zhong Wang
Summary: This article introduces a formaldehyde-free phosphorus-containing polysiloxane coating for flame retardancy of EPS foam. The coating acts as both an adhesive and a flame retardant, providing durable thermal insulation and forming a graphited char layer to isolate oxygen, heat, combustible compounds, and smoke particles during combustion. EPS composites treated with this coating exhibit high fire safety and excellent comprehensive performance.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Qiaoling Chen, Jingfan Zhang, Jiasu Li, Jun Sun, Bo Xu, Hongfei Li, Xiaoyu Gu, Sheng Zhang
Summary: In this study, a novel intumescent flame retardant, PHTD, was successfully synthesized and applied to the preparation of EPS foam. The addition of PHTD significantly improved the flammability performance of the composite foam, with a high flame retardant effect and low peak heat release rate and smoke production rate. Furthermore, PHTD could evenly coat the surface of the foam, maintaining good flame retardancy even if the foam was damaged, without affecting the thermal conductivity and increasing the compressive strength of the foam.
POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Junfeng Yue, Xuejiao Fu, Jun Lu, Shuidong Zhang, Dong Li, Yi He, Quan Wei, Changhua Liu, Lin Gan, Ishak Ahmad, Jin Huang
Summary: A sustainable development strategy using biomass-derived materials for the production of poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) foams has been developed, with the addition of functionalized graphene oxide (GO) for flame-retardant and heat-barrier properties. The resulting char from combustion of the flame-retardant foaming PBS shows potential for energy storage applications.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Jicun Shi, Lei Zhao, Yao Zhang, Hongxing Han, Lihuang Zhou, Chenxi Wang
Summary: This study aims to prepare thermal insulated decorative panel materials with low thermal conductivity and high flame retardance. By investigating the effects of particle size, Silica coated and content of EPS, the researchers found ways to improve the material properties effectively.
Article
Polymer Science
Jianming Zeng, Wenli Luo, Jianing An, Xingyi Xie
Summary: The study successfully synthesized DOPO-PEI-CO(2)s to release CO2 as a blowing agent, while also providing moderate flame retardancy, making the resulting PUFs suitable for industrial applications.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Yijun Zhang, Dawei Pan, Changfan Chang, Hua Liu, Zuozhen Liu
Summary: A highly reactive intrinsic epoxy flame retardant FREP was synthesized successfully and introduced into epoxy resin to improve fire safety, with EP/FREP-4 thermoset achieving a UL94 V-0 rating. FREP reduced the peak heat release rate and total smoke production of EP, showing significant flame retardant effects.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Wei Wang, Li Lei, Qiuru Bao, Yuan Liu, Qi Wang
Summary: This study investigates the application of a novel triazine charring agent in thermoplastic polyolefin composites, achieving excellent flame retardancy by combining with ammonium polyphosphate. The synergistic effects of the APP/TM system result in the formation of a dense and continuous char layer, effectively insulating the substrate from heat and oxygen erosion.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Xing Liu, Jianqing Zhao, Xiaodan Lin
Summary: Flame-retarded acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesives with improved shear and peel strengths were successfully prepared by constructing a tight non-covalent crosslinking network that effectively counteract the negative effect of flame retardants on cohesion. The combination of DMMP and SiO2 increases the flame retardant effectiveness and reduces the overall required loading of flame retardants.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
(2022)