Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Michiel J. M. Niesen, Colin Pawlowski, John C. O'Horo, Doug W. Challener, Eli Silvert, Greg Donadio, Patrick J. Lenehan, Abinash Virk, Melanie D. Swift, Leigh L. Speicher, Joel E. Gordon, Holly L. Geyer, John D. Halamka, A. J. Venkatakrishnan, Venky Soundararajan, Andrew D. Badley
Summary: This study evaluated the safety of the third dose of FDA-approved COVID-19 mRNA vaccines. The findings suggest that although the third dose is associated with an increased reporting of low-severity adverse events, the risk of severe adverse events remains comparable to the standard two-dose regime. This study provides evidence for the safety of third vaccination doses in eligible individuals for booster vaccination.
Article
Clinical Neurology
QuanQiu Wang, Pamela B. Davis, Mark E. Gurney, Rong Xu
Summary: Patients with dementia are at increased risk for COVID-19 compared to those without dementia, with vascular dementia carrying the highest risk. Black patients with dementia have a higher risk of COVID-19 compared to White patients.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2021)
Article
Medical Informatics
Johan H. Thygesen, Christopher Tomlinson, Sam Hollings, Mehrdad A. Mizani, Alex Handy, Ashley Akbari, Amitava Banerjee, Jennifer Cooper, Alvina G. Lai, Kezhi Li, Bilal A. Mateen, Naveed Sattar, Reecha Sofat, Ana Torralbo, Honghan Wu, Angela Wood, Jonathan A. C. Sterne, Christina Pagel, William N. Whiteley, Cathie Sudlow, Harry Hemingway, Spiros Denaxas
Summary: This study used nationwide linked electronic health records to define and validate ten COVID-19 phenotypes, providing insights into the different stages and transitions of the disease. The results showed infection rates, hospitalization rates, intensive care unit usage, and mortality rates of COVID-19. Longer patient trajectories were observed in the second wave compared to the first wave.
LANCET DIGITAL HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Maria Giner-Soriano, Vanessa de Dios, Dan Ouchi, Carles Vilaplana-Carnerero, Monica Monteagudo, Rosa Morros
Summary: This study investigated whether individuals with COVID-19 could have benefited from vaccination against influenza. The results showed that individuals vaccinated against influenza had a higher risk of COVID-19 complications. This provides further evidence for analyzing the relationship between immunity quality and COVID-19 outcomes.
JMIR PUBLIC HEALTH AND SURVEILLANCE
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Hossein Estiri, Zachary H. Strasser, Jeffy G. Klann, Pourandokht Naseri, Kavishwar B. Wagholikar, Shawn N. Murphy
Summary: This study utilizes past medical information collected in EHRs to predict death after COVID-19 infection and identifies age, pneumonia history, diabetes with complications, cancer, and pulmonary diseases as important risk factors for mortality prediction.
NPJ DIGITAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pankaj C. Patel, Mike G. Tsionas, Srikant Devaraj
Summary: This study finds that hospitals with higher electronic health record systems show better capacity in bed allocation and are associated with lower COVID-19 death rates. These findings have important implications for policymakers and stakeholders in healthcare supply chains.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Florence T. Bourgeois, Alba Gutierrez-Sacristan, Mark S. Keller, Molei Liu, Chuan Hong, Clara-Lea Bonzel, Amelia L. M. Tan, Bruce J. Aronow, Martin Boeker, John Booth, Jaime Cruz Rojo, Batsal Devkota, Noelia Garcia Barrio, Nils Gehlenborg, Alon Geva, David A. Hanauer, Meghan R. Hutch, Richard W. Issitt, Jeffrey G. Klann, Yuan Luo, Kenneth D. Mandl, Chengsheng Mao, Bertrand Moal, Karyn L. Moshal, Shawn N. Murphy, Antoine Neuraz, Kee Yuan Ngiam, Gilbert S. Omenn, Lav P. Patel, Miguel Pedrera Jimenez, Neil J. Sebire, Pablo Serrano Balazote, Arnaud Serret-Larmande, Andrew M. South, Anastasia Spiridou, Deanne M. Taylor, Patric Tippmann, Shyam Visweswaran, Griffin M. Weber, Isaac S. Kohane, Tianxi Cai, Paul Avillach
Summary: This retrospective cohort study analyzed hospitalized pediatric patients with COVID-19 in 6 countries, highlighting variability in hospitalization trends across countries as well as identifying common complications and laboratory abnormalities in infected children and youth.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chengxi Zang, Yongkang Zhang, Jie Xu, Jiang Bian, Dmitry Morozyuk, Edward J. Schenck, Dhruv Khullar, Anna S. Nordvig, Elizabeth A. Shenkman, Russell L. Rothman, Jason P. Block, Kristin Lyman, Mark G. Weiner, Thomas W. Carton, Fei Wang, Rainu Kaushal
Summary: In this study, the authors used electronic health records to characterize post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection and found possible heterogeneity between populations. They identified a broad range of PASC-related conditions and replicated some of them across two cohorts.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Sylvia E. K. Sudat, Sarah C. Robinson, Satish Mudiganti, Aravind Mani, Alice R. Pressman
Summary: Data quality is crucial for analysis success, especially in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic where large-scale data sharing has played a key role in public health responses. Electronic health records are used for reporting COVID-19 data in California, but challenges in real-time high-quality data reporting from EHR sources persist. Collaboration between clinical operations, informatics, data analytics, and research is proposed as a way to improve data quality for effective crisis response.
JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL INFORMATICS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Emily R. Pfaff, Charisse Madlock-Brown, John M. Baratta, Abhishek Bhatia, Hannah Davis, Andrew Girvin, Elaine Hill, Elizabeth Kelly, Kristin Kostka, Johanna Loomba, Julie A. McMurry, Rachel Wong, Tellen D. Bennett, Richard Moffitt, Christopher G. Chute, Melissa Haendel
Summary: This study examined the heterogeneity in the adoption and use of the ICD-10-CM code for Post COVID-19 condition in the US. The findings showed demographic disparities among patients diagnosed with U09.9, as well as disparities in the diagnosis of long COVID. This work provides insights into potential subtypes of long COVID and highlights the need for further research and remedies for the existing disparities.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Seung Min Baik, Kyung Sook Hong, Dong Jin Park
Summary: We developed an early mortality prediction ensemble model for COVID-19 using AI models with initial chest X-ray and electronic health record (EHR) data. The results showed that our ensemble model achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.8698 and an F1 score of 0.77. This study is meaningful as it provides early prediction of mortality using only initial diagnostic data and highlights the importance of laboratory tests in managing COVID-19 patients.
BMC BIOINFORMATICS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Victor M. Castro, Jonathan Rosand, Joseph T. Giacino, Thomas H. McCoy, Roy H. Perlis
Summary: Neuropsychiatric symptoms may persist following acute COVID-19 illness, but they are not specific to COVID-19 and occur at similar rates among individuals hospitalized for other indications.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Michael Weiner, Paul R. Dexter, Kim Heithoff, Anna R. Roberts, Ziyue Liu, Ashley Griffith, Siu Hui, Jonathan Schelfhout, Peter Dicpinigaitis, Ishita Doshi, Jessica P. Weaver
Summary: This study utilized natural language processing (NLP) to identify and characterize chronic cough (CC) patients in electronic health records (EHRs), finding that the majority of CC patients were identified through NLP alone, rather than through diagnoses or medication records. NLP significantly improved the detection of CC patients, highlighting the importance of accurately identifying and managing this condition.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yan Xie, Benjamin Bowe, Ziyad Al-Aly
Summary: This study aimed to simulate a randomized target trial to estimate the association between the antiviral drug molnupiravir and hospital admission or death in adults with SARS-CoV-2 infection. The results showed that molnupiravir was associated with a reduced risk of hospital admission or death at 30 days.
BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Kuang Gong, Dufan Wu, Chiara Daniela Arru, Fatemeh Homayounieh, Nir Neumark, Jiahui Guan, Varun Buch, Kyungsang Kim, Bernardo Canedo Bizzo, Hui Ren, Won Young Tak, Soo Young Park, Yu Rim Lee, Min Kyu Kang, Jung Gil Park, Alessandro Carriero, Luca Saba, Mahsa Masjedi, Hamidreza Talari, Rosa Babaei, Hadi Karimi Mobin, Shadi Ebrahimian, Ning Guo, Subba R. Digumarthy, Ittai Dayan, Mannudeep K. Kalra, Quanzheng Li
Summary: The study developed prognosis models using deep learning and CT technology to predict the severity of COVID-19 patients by analyzing biomarkers in CT images. Age, SpO2, CT biomarkers, PLT, and WBC were identified as the most important prognostic predictors in the COVID-19 prognosis model.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Youngran Kim, Anjail Sharrief, Min Ji Kwak, Swapnil Khose, Rania Abdelkhaleq, Sergio Salazar-Marioni, Guo-Qiang Zhang, Sunil A. Sheth
Summary: This study examines the equity in access to and utilization of endovascular therapy (EVT) across racial and ethnic groups. The findings indicate that Black patients have lower rates of EVT compared to White patients, despite similar admissions to EVT-performing hospitals and comprehensive stroke centers.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Alexandra L. Czap, Mersedeh Bahr-Hosseini, Noopur Singh, Jose-Miguel Yamal, May Nour, Stephanie Parker, Youngran Kim, Lucas Restrepo, Rania Abdelkhaleq, Sergio Salazar-Marioni, Kenny Phan, Ritvij Bowry, Suja S. Rajan, James C. Grotta, Jeffrey L. Saver, Luca Giancardo, Sunil A. Sheth
Summary: This study evaluated the performance of a machine learning model in predicting large vessel occlusion in stroke patients on Mobile Stroke Units and found that it performed well in accurately and rapidly identifying LVO in prehospital CT angiograms.
Article
Oncology
Benjamin M. Ellingson, Elizabeth R. Gerstner, Andrew B. Lassman, Caroline Chung, Howard Colman, Patricia E. Cole, David Leung, Joshua E. Allen, Manmeet S. Ahluwalia, Jerrold Boxerman, Matthew Brown, Jonathan Goldin, Edjah Nduom, Islam Hassan, Mark R. Gilbert, Ingo K. Mellinghoff, Michael Weller, Susan Chang, David Arons, Clair Meehan, Wendy Selig, Kirk Tanner, W. K. Alfred Yung, Martin van den Bent, Patrick Y. Wen, Timothy F. Cloughesy
Summary: Imaging response assessment plays a crucial role in patient care and drug development in oncology, but the current methods are insufficient in evaluating treatment effects comprehensively. Proposed modifications to the existing framework aim to improve the accuracy in measuring treatment effects and provide a reliable basis for selecting candidate therapies and identifying effective treatments.
Article
Cell Biology
Joseph D. Butner, Prashant Dogra, Caroline Chung, Javier Ruiz-Ramirez, Sara Nizzero, Marija Plodinec, Xiaoxian Li, Ping-Ying Pan, Shu-hsia Chen, Vittorio Cristini, Bulent Ozpolat, George A. Calin, Zhihui Wang
Summary: The study presents a multiscale agent-based model to investigate the early stages of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), and reveals the important role of cell dedifferentiation in the maintenance of cancer stem cell populations and disease progression.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Youngran Kim, Xiaojin Li, Yan Huang, Minseon Kim, Aziz Shaibani, Kazim Sheikh, Guo-Qiang Zhang, Thy Phuong Nguyen
Summary: During the COVID-19 pandemic, patients with MG are more susceptible due to immunosuppressant use and disease manifestations, and they are more likely to be hospitalized and require ICU care. Older age and patients with dysphagia have an increased risk of mortality.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Jodi Goldman, Akifumi Hagiwara, Jingwen Yao, Catalina Raymond, Christian Ong, Rojin Bakhti, Elizabeth Kwon, Maguy Farhat, Carlo Torres, Lily G. Erickson, Brandon J. Curl, Maggie Lee, Whitney B. Pope, Noriko Salamon, Phioanh L. Nghiemphu, Matthew Ji, Blaine S. Eldred, Linda M. Liau, Albert Lai, Timothy F. Cloughesy, Caroline Chung, Benjamin M. Ellingson
Summary: In newly diagnosed IDH wild-type GBM patients with measurable enhancing lesions, an enigmatic non-response in rCBV was associated with longer PFS, particularly in MGMT methylated patients.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
David A. Hormuth II, Maguy Farhat, Chase Christenson, Brandon Curl, C. Chad Quarles, Caroline Chung, Thomas E. Yankeelov
Summary: Immunotherapy combined with radiation therapy improves outcomes for brain tumor patients, but optimizing treatment schedules remains a challenge. Mechanism-based mathematical modeling maximizes treatment effects, requiring patient-specific data for successful clinical translation.
ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Tucker J. Netherton, Callistus Nguyen, Carlos E. Cardenas, Caroline Chung, Ann H. Klopp, Lauren E. Colbert, Dong Joo Rhee, Christine B. Peterson, Rebecca Howell, Peter Balter, Laurence E. Court
Summary: This study presents a fully automated clinical tool for treatment planning of the spine, which is efficient and effective across various CT scan types. The tool accurately labels and segments the vertebral bodies and detects any errors within the treatment regions. Radiation oncologists gave high scores to the performance of the tool, and the treatment planning time was short.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS
(2022)
Review
Anesthesiology
Ekin Guran, Jian Hu, Jeffrey S. Wefel, Caroline Chung, Juan P. Cata
Summary: Patients with cancer may experience a decline in cognitive function after cancer therapies, including surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. Chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment can result from neurotoxicity, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress, leading to changes in brain structure and connectivity. Surgery can exacerbate this condition and potentially cause postoperative cognitive dysfunction. As the number of successfully treated cancer patients increases, the impact of cognitive dysfunction after treatment has become a growing concern.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIA
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Rup K. K. Sainju, Deidre N. N. Dragon, Harold B. B. Winnike, Laura Vilella, Xiaojin Li, Samden Lhatoo, Patrick Ten Eyck, Linder H. H. Wendt, George B. B. Richerson, Brian K. K. Gehlbach
Summary: It is believed that severe respiratory dysfunction caused by generalized convulsive seizures is a common mechanism for sudden unexpected death in epilepsy. This study examined the respiratory variability in epilepsy patients and found it to be a predictor of postictal hypoxemia severity, a potential biomarker for SUDEP risk. The study also found a relationship between respiratory variability and central CO2 drive.
Article
Neurosciences
Avram S. Bukhbinder, Miriam Hinojosa, Kristofer Harris, Xiaojin Li, Christine M. Farrell, Madison Shyer, Nathan Goodwin, Sahar Anjum, Omar Hasan, Susan Cooper, Lois Sciba, Amanda Falk Vargas, David H. Hunter, Guadalupe J. Ortiz, Karen Chung, Licong Cui, Guo-Qiang Zhang, Susan P. Fisher-Hoch, Joseph B. McCormick, Paul E. Schulz
Summary: This study describes the distribution of MMSE scores in Mexican American adults and assesses the impact of MMSE requirements on their clinical trial eligibility. The study found that education, age, exercise, C-reactive protein, and anxiety were the most strongly associated factors with MMSE scores.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Anesthesiology
George W. Williams, Talha Mubashir, Julius Balogh, Mohsen Rezapour, Jingfan Hu, Biai Dominique, Nischal K. Gautam, Hongyin Lai, Hunza S. Ahmad, Xiaojin Li, Yan Huang, Guo-Qiang Zhang, Vahed Maroufy
Summary: The study aimed to determine whether a history of COVID-19 diagnosis leads to a higher risk of all-cause mortality following ambulatory surgery and to identify the optimal timing for ambulatory surgery after COVID-19 diagnosis. The results showed that COVID-19 positive patients undergoing ambulatory surgery had a 2.51 times higher risk of all-cause mortality compared to COVID-19 negative patients, with the highest risk observed within 45 days of COVID-19 testing.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ANESTHESIA
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Xiaojin Li, Shiqiang Tao, Samden D. Lhatoo, Licong Cui, Yan Huang, Johnson P. Hampson, Guo-Qiang Zhang
Summary: Epilepsy affects millions of people in the US, with a significant number of them experiencing uncontrolled seizures. Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) is a fatal complication of poorly controlled epilepsy and is the main cause of death in these patients. The Multimodal SUDEP Data Resource (MSDR) was developed to facilitate research on personalized risk assessment of SUDEP by sharing multimodal epilepsy data. MSDR integrates annotated datasets from multiple institutions, provides user interfaces for data management and access, and utilizes computational approaches for data analysis. It has been successfully utilized in epilepsy research with numerous registered users and funded projects.
FRONTIERS IN BIG DATA
(2022)