Article
Mechanics
Qiang Zhang, Hao Li, Yuan Liu, Zuoqi Zhang, Yanan Yuan
Summary: This study systematically investigated the performance and mechanisms of nacre-inspired composite plates under impact, and found the advantages of different brick-and-mortar organizations. The results demonstrate that the inverse-dovetail structure has better impact stiffness, while the dovetail structure excels in energy absorption. Additionally, plastic deformation and spalling fragmentation are the primary energy dissipation mechanisms.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Wei Fan, Ruihong Xie, Michael Davidson, Hanfeng Yin, Keyu Lai, Qinglin Wu
Summary: This study aims to explore the dynamic crushing behaviors of sandwich structures made of UHPFRC face sheets and steel and PU foam cores. Impact tests were performed on 12 sandwich structure specimens, and the force profiles of EF and HT types exhibited low peak impact force and high plateau force. The results showed that the polyurea sprayed on the UHPFRC face did not affect the crashworthiness, and increasing core thickness improved mean crushing force. The FE models validated the strong energy absorption stability of EF and HT structures, and the multi-objective optimization suggested that the HT-F structure is more suitable for practical applications.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Furqan Ahmad, Fethi Abbassi, Mazhar Ul-Islam, Frederic Jacquemin, Jung-Wuk Hong
Summary: The presence of moisture content significantly enhances the impact-resistance of carbon fiber/epoxy quasi-isotropic composite plates, with wet plates showing better performance in absorbing impact energy and reducing damage compared to dry plates. This improvement is attributed to the increased elastic limit and ductility of the epoxy due to the presence of moisture, leading to enhanced impact-resistance in wet composite plates.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Mechanics
Yu Cheng, Kai Ren, Jianping Fu, Likui Yin, Rui Yang, Hao Yuan, Taiyong Zhao, Zhigang Chen
Summary: This study investigated the anti-penetration performance and energy absorption characteristics of honeycomb aluminum core structure. Through tests and numerical simulations, it was found that the aluminum sandwich structure with a regular hexagonal honeycomb had the strongest anti-penetration capability with a face/back plate thickness ratio of 2.5:1. The Arrow and concave hexagonal honeycomb aluminum sandwich structures showed a higher energy consumption than the regular hexagonal honeycomb structure. The hierarchical honeycomb aluminum sandwich structure exhibited better energy absorption characteristics. Therefore, adjusting the thickness ratio and changing the core layer shape can improve the anti-penetration performance of the honeycomb aluminum sandwich structure.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Wen-hao Yu, Wei-ping Li, Yi-fan Shangguan, Xin-yang Ji, Tian Ma, Guo-qing Wu
Summary: Through statistical analysis, the distribution characteristics of ceramic fragments within a specific size range were investigated for different API and shot times. A model of energy absorption during penetration for CCBIPs was established based on the size distribution of ceramic fragments (SDCF) and the variations in SDCF and their influence on energy absorption were studied. It was found that the distribution feature of ceramic fragments in the range of 0.25-2.25mm is Gaussian distribution. Ceramic fragments formed by 53-API possess higher kinetic energy and more concentrated distribution compared to 56-API, resulting in increased estimated energy absorption. The ability of CCBIPs to resist the third shot is significantly weakened, leading to decreased estimated energy absorption and changes in the distribution and size of ceramic fragments.
DEFENCE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
L. Alonso, A. Solis
Summary: A theoretical energy-based model was developed to capture the ballistic response of sandwich structures made of composite material peels and a crushable foam core. The model was based on wave propagation theory and divided into six stages with corresponding energy-absorption mechanisms, showing the general trends in terms of their relative importance at velocities below, near and above the ballistic limit. The model was validated against experimental results, demonstrating good agreement in terms of impact-residual velocity curve.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Huihui Wang, Xuding Song, Mingkai Zhao, Yipin Wan
Summary: This study aims to explore the low velocity penetration dynamic response of foam aluminum sandwich panels. A three-stage penetration model is established based on experimental results. The load and displacement time history, energy absorption and initial failure mode of the sandwich panel during penetration are theoretically predicted using the principle of energy conservation, minimum potential energy and accumulating damage theory. Comparison with experimental results shows that the predicted failure load and deformation are within 10% of the experimental data. This paper provides an analytical method for studying the deformation failure mode and energy absorption mechanism of metal foam sandwich panels, which is helpful to improve the efficiency of metal foam sandwich panels in design.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Carlos M. Portela, Bryce W. Edwards, David Veysset, Yuchen Sun, Keith A. Nelson, Dennis M. Kochmann, Julia R. Greer
Summary: By conducting supersonic microparticle impact experiments, extreme impact energy dissipation in three-dimensional nanoarchitected carbon materials was demonstrated. This study explores the performance of nanoarchitected materials under extreme dynamic conditions, showcasing the potential of these materials in designing lightweight and impact-resistant materials.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Yizhon Tan, Songlin Yue, Gan Li, Chao Li, Yihao Cheng, Wei Dai, Bo Zhang
Summary: Targeted introduction of explosion-resisting and energy-absorbing materials and optimization of explosion-resisting composite structural styles in underground engineering can improve engineering protection and survivability in wartime. Experimental results showed that composite plate structures with different thicknesses of high-performance equal-sized-aggregate (HPESA) concrete showed significant differences in wave-absorbing ability. Thicker HPESA concrete plates demonstrated higher wave-absorbing ability and a maximum pressure attenuation index of 83.4%.
STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING AND MECHANICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Ruihong Xie, Wei Fan, Yaobei He, Bin Liu, Xudong Shao
Summary: A novel sandwich structure composed of ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete (UHPFRC) face panels and core steel structures has been found to be effective in protecting infrastructure. Different core structures and the use of polyurethane foam were studied, and the crushing performance of the sandwich structures was evaluated using the TOPSIS method. The best performing configurations were recommended and validated using finite element modeling. The proposed sandwich structures were then applied to develop protective structures for bridge structures, reducing the damage caused by rockfall impacts.
THIN-WALLED STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Rui Zhang, Bin Han, Yi Zhou, Lu-Sheng Qiang, Qi Zhang, Qian-Cheng Zhang, Tian Jian Lu
Summary: A multifunctional sandwich plate with ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fiber metal laminate (FML) skins and aluminum honeycomb core was proposed to improve penetration resistance while maintaining load-bearing and blast mitigation capabilities. Experimental and numerical analysis showed that incorporating UHMWPE composite layers into the skin significantly enhanced penetration resistance and bending capacity, and reduced deflection under impulsive shock loading. The proposed cellular sandwich plate can be designed as an ultralight multifunctional structure with simultaneous load-bearing and blast/ballistic resistant capabilities.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Shizhao Sun, Lin Chen, Tao Liu, Daijiang Zhou, Mengqi Yue
Summary: A new type of steel plate-polyurethane foam composite protective structure was proposed, with folded-web specimens showing better energy absorption performance compared to straight-web counterparts, especially when fully filled with foam.
CASE STUDIES IN CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Gaojian Lin, Jiaqi Li, Fei Li, Pengwan Chen, Weifu Sun
Summary: This study proposes a method to improve the impact resistance of sandwich composite panels (SCPs) by filling the honeycomb core with shear-thickening gel (STG) mixed with silica particles. Experimental results show that the STG-filled honeycomb core effectively decreases penetration depth and reduces impact damage of the SCPs.
COMPOSITES COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Hassan Mansoori, Mahnaz Zakeri
Summary: A comprehensive strain-rate-dependent finite element modeling procedure based on continuum damage mechanics was developed to predict behavior of UHMWPE fiber composite laminates under impact loading, adapting strain rate effect to experimental data. The model offered more accurate prediction of projectile residual velocity compared to other models, and provided detailed insights into failure modes such as fiber tension/shear and matrix shear.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DAMAGE MECHANICS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Yunfei Deng, Yuan Yin, Huapeng Wu, Chunping Zhou, Xianzhi Zeng
Summary: In this study, M-type foldcore sandwiches were prepared using the molding and pressing process with fiberglass. The dynamic response and damage mechanism of the sandwich structures under low-velocity impacts were investigated, considering various impact positions and energy. The results showed that the position of impact significantly influenced the damage mode of the sandwich plate, with crush fracture and collapse failure at node position dissipating higher energy compared to tensile fracture at the base position. Numerical prediction was in good agreement with experimental results. The effects of geometric configuration were explored, and it was found that increasing the core thickness was a more effective method for lightweight design than increasing the thickness of the panel.
JOURNAL OF SANDWICH STRUCTURES & MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
A. P. Simonov, I. V. Sergeichev
Summary: The direct impact method provides a higher sample deformation rate and reliable results for materials with low yield strength and hardening rate. This study proposes an alternative procedure for calculating the strain rate in order to improve accuracy of the direct impact method for a wide range of metals and alloys. The proposed method has been validated through finite element analysis and direct impact tests, and it qualitatively changes the shape of the stress-strain curve by adding an unloading area.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Qiang Wei, Zifeng Li
Summary: This study investigates the dynamic bifurcation of a column when it impacts a rigid plane vertically, which is different from the classical Eulerian static buckling. The findings show that either the dimensionless critical buckling time or the dimensionless critical buckling velocity can be used to determine whether buckling has occurred. Different dimensionless initial defects in the column result in different dimensionless displacement responses, and the nonlinear effect influences the analysis results.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
M. C. Price, M. J. Cole, K. H. Harriss, L. S. Alesbrook, M. J. Burchell, P. J. Wozniakiewicz
Summary: This article introduces a new gas gun developed at the Centre for Astrophysics and Planetary Science, University of Kent, which can produce vertical impacts at speeds up to 2 km/s. The gun design, assembly, operation, and ancillary components are described in detail. The experimental results demonstrate that the gun performs as expected.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Fanny Gant, Gabriel Seisson, Patrice Longere, Skander El Mai, Jean-Luc Zinszner
Summary: The article investigates the high strain rate response of metals and alloys under radial expansion and compares different materials. The results show that different materials exhibit different responses in terms of deformation and fracture.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
M. D. Fitzgerald, J. D. Pecover, N. Petrinic, D. E. Eakins
Summary: This study investigates the mechanism for the destruction of thick flyers accelerated using electric guns and proposes strategies for mitigating their break-up based on experimental results and mathematical models. The findings suggest that limiting the maximum pressure within the flyer and extending the current rise time can prevent flyer failure, increasing the efficiency and shock duration of the electric gun.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Guowen Gao, Enling Tang, Guolai Yang, Yafei Han, Mengzhou Chang, Kai Guo, Liping He
Summary: In this study, the dynamic constitutive model of Al/Ep/W material was investigated and verified through experiments and numerical simulations. The proposed model accurately described the mechanical behavior of the material under high strain rates, providing an important reference for evaluating the response characteristics of the new energetic material projectile to lightweight aluminum armor.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Minzu Liang, Meng Zhou, Xiangyu Li, Yuliang Lin, Fangyun Lu
Summary: UHMWPE fiber mesh reinforced polyurea composites improve structural strength and blast resistance performance, and can alter the failure mode. Loose filler is generated as polyurea melts and fragments penetrate. Joint loads are classified into three categories based on their connection and duration.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Ashutosh Jha, Guglielmo Cimolai, Iman Dayyani
Summary: The present article introduces the Zero Poisson's Ratio Fish Cells metamaterial and investigates the effects of Poisson's ratio on the crashworthiness of different lattice structures. Numerical results demonstrate that the Zero Poisson's Ratio model possesses greater stability and structural integrity with minimal edge deformations.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Hongbo Zhang, Dayong Hu, Xubin Ye, Xin Chen, Yuhuai He
Summary: This study investigated the impact of spherical foreign objects on simulated blade edges through experimental and theoretical analysis. The experimental results showed that increasing impact energy resulted in larger damage sizes, and three distinct types of deformations were observed in FOD. Accurate FOD prediction models were developed using linear and power formulas. The theoretical analysis using a spring-mass system based on Winkler's elastic-plastic foundation theory yielded results in good agreement with experimental measurements, providing a reference for fatigue life assessment of aeroengine blades.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
L. M. Reitter, Y. A. Malik, A. B. Jahn, I. V. Roisman, J. Hussong
Summary: This study characterizes the dynamic strength of wet granular ice layers through impact tests. The results reveal strong connections between ice particles in ice layers generated by ice crystal accretion. Comparable strength values can be obtained by reinforcing ice particle connections in ice layers prepared in the laboratory.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Kyle Mao, Genevieve Toussaint, Alexandra Komrakova, James D. Hogan
Summary: In this study, the Generalized Incremental Stress State dependent damage MOdel (GISSMO) is used to simulate the high-velocity impact failure of Armox 500T steel. The GISSMO is calibrated and validated using experimental data from the literature, and is then applied to investigate the impact failure behaviors of bi-layered steel systems. The results provide new capabilities and insights for the design of armor structures and evaluation of impact failure behaviors in Armox 500T/RHA bi-layered systems.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Asim Onder
Summary: This paper investigates the performance of bumper plates with wavy surfaces under hypervelocity impact and finds that they are more effective in decreasing the impact energy compared to flat plates. The study also reveals the distinctive debris cloud generation that has never been reported before.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Zhi-Yong Yin, Xiao-wei Chen
Summary: This study numerically reveals three typical fracture modes of explosively-driven metal shells and investigates the influencing factors of different fracture modes through experimental data and dimensional analysis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Jiri Pachman, David J. Chapman, Marek Foglar, Martin Kunzel, William G. Proud
Summary: Through the study of different types of concrete, it was found that despite their compositional complexity, range of compressive strengths, and reinforcement methods, the average Hugoniot data were remarkably similar between different concrete types.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Konstantin Kappe, Klaus Hoschke, Werner Riedel, Stefan Hiermaier
Summary: This paper presents a multi-objective optimization procedure for effectively designing gradient lattice structures under dynamic loading. The aim is to maximize energy absorption characteristics and achieve a lightweight design. Through considering design variables such as the relative density and density gradient, the peak crushing force reduction and maximized specific energy absorption are simultaneously optimized. A simplified beam-based finite element model is used to efficiently model and simulate the lattice structures. An artificial neural network is trained to predict energy absorbing characteristics and find optimal lattice structure configurations. The network is trained using a multi response adaptive sampling algorithm, allowing parallel simulation with automatically generated finite element models. A multi-objective genetic algorithm is then used to find optimal combinations of design parameters for lattice structures under different impact velocities and cell topologies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
(2024)