Article
Plant Sciences
Sasa Gacnik, Robert Veberic, Metka Hudina, Silvija Marinovic, Heidi Halbwirth, Maja Mikulic-Petkovsek
Summary: Spraying apple trees with methyl salicylic acid (MeSA) and salicylic acid (SA) during fruit maturation affects the quality and phenolic composition of the fruit. While these treatments improve levels of certain beneficial polyphenols, they also have negative effects on the external quality characteristics of the fruit.
Article
Plant Sciences
AiLian Liu, Yue Zhu, YuHao Wang, TianYu Wang, ShuPing Zhao, Kai Feng, LiangJun Li, Peng Wu
Summary: In this study, PAL genes in E. ferox were identified and functionally analyzed. EfPAL1 and EfPAL2 were found to be key genes in flavonoid biosynthesis, and a regulatory network for EfPAL2 was established. These findings provide novel information for understanding the mechanism of flavonoid biosynthesis.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Shixin Wang, Zengcai Liu, Xutong Wang, Ruipeng Liu, Li Zou
Summary: This study explores the synthesis of flavonoids in the medicinal mushroom Sanghuangporus baumii through flavonoid-targeted metabolomics and transcriptome analysis. The mushroom synthesized multiple classes of flavonoids on a chemically defined medium, but most of the genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis were missing. The results suggest that the flavonoid synthesis pathway in S. baumii is different from that in known plants and may involve replacement of missing genes by distantly related ones.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yannik Brack, Chenghai Sun, Dong Yi, Uwe T. Bornscheuer
Summary: p-Coumaric acid (p-CA) is a key precursor for flavonoid biosynthesis, and tyrosine ammonia lyases (TALs) catalyze the synthesis of p-CA from l-tyrosine. In this study, 875 putative TALs and 46 putative phenylalanine/tyrosine ammonia lyases (PTALs) were analyzed, and 5 TALs and 3 PTALs were characterized and found to exhibit the proposed enzymatic activity. The TAL from Chryseobacterium luteum sp. nov (TAL(clu)) showed the highest affinity and conversion efficiency towards l-tyrosine. Optimization of reaction conditions resulted in p-CA yields of 2.03 g/L after 8 hours by TAL(clu) and 2.35 g/L after 24 hours by TAL from Rivularia sp. PCC 7116 (TAL(rpc)). These TALs are potential candidates for the production of flavonoid precursor p-CA using whole-cell systems.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiaoge Gao, Yaping Hu, Zhibiao Xu, Daqing Peng, Qirong Guo
Summary: The PAL gene family in Ginkgo biloba plays a crucial role and exhibits multifunctional characteristics, with specific expression in different tissues and ploidy.
PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amna Naheed Khan, Erum Dilshad
Summary: This study genetically modified Artemisia carvifolia Buch plants by introducing rol A gene, effectively increasing the flavonoid content. Transgenic plants showed increased amounts of various flavonoids and higher expression levels of flavonoid biosynthetic genes. The transgenic plants exhibited higher total phenolic and flavonoid contents, as well as enhanced antioxidant and anticancer activities, indicating the potential of rol A gene in boosting the medicinal properties of A. carvifolia Buch.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yu Qin, Qiue Li, Qiuju An, Dexin Li, Sipei Huang, Yongyang Zhao, Weijia Chen, Jiayu Zhou, Hai Liao
Summary: Drought is a key threat to plants and agriculture, and the role of the enzyme phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) in drought tolerance has been explored in this study. A PAL member called FuPAL1 was isolated from the alpine pharmaceutical plant Fritillaria unibracteata. FuPAL1 was found to play a role in the ammonization process and was involved in substrate binding and catalysis. Transgenic Arabidopsis plants with FuPAL1 showed increased levels of lignin and salicylic acid and enhanced drought tolerance. These findings suggest that FuPAL1 could be a valuable target for improving drought resistance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Suhang Yu, Jiyuan Li, Ting Peng, Sui Ni, Yi Feng, Qiushi Wang, Minyan Wang, Xian Chu, Zhengqi Fan, Xinlei Li, Hengfu Yin, Wanchuan Ge, Weixin Liu
Summary: In this study, a new member of the chalcone isomerase (CHI) gene family, CnCHI4, was identified in Camellia nitidissima. CnCHI4 plays an important role in the biosynthesis pathway of flavonoids and its function is regulated by the transcription factor CnMYB7.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qianli Zu, Xiaojuan Deng, Yanying Qu, Xunji Chen, Yongsheng Cai, Caoyue Wang, Ying Li, Qin Chen, Kai Zheng, Xiaodong Liu, Quanjia Chen
Summary: Duplication events play a significant role in plant evolution. In this study, the authors investigated the different functions of CHI family paralogous genes in cotton's resistance to Fusarium wilt. They found that these genes have a synergistic role in the resistance by regulating metabolic pathway-related genes, metabolite content, endogenous hormone content, reactive oxygen species, and subcellular localization. These findings provide insights into the evolutionary patterns of homologous plant genes and their potential use in molecular breeding.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Feiyan Xue, Zihui Liu, Yue Yu, Yangjie Wu, Yuxin Jin, Mingfeng Yang, Lanqing Ma
Summary: Researchers cloned the cDNA of Rhodotorula glutinis PAL (RgPAL) and introduced codon optimization to enhance its protein expression and enzyme activity in Escherichia coli. This improvement allowed for the successful expression and purification of the recombinant enzyme PAL-opt, which exhibited high specific activity for substrate L-phenylalanine and L-tyrosine. This bifunctional enzyme provides a promising foundation for future applications.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Pedro Henrique Gorni, Ana Claudia Pacheco, Adriana Lima Moro, Jonathan Fogaca Albuquerque Silva, Ronaldo Rossetti Moreli, Giovani Rodrigues de Miranda, Juler Martins Pelegrini, Camila Baptistao Zaniboni, Kamille Daleck Spera, Joao Luiz Bronzel Junior, Regildo Marcio Goncalves da Silva
Summary: Salicylic acid (SA) exerts a significant promoting effect on leaf production, leaf area and synthesis of secondary compounds in yarrow plants, acting both as a hormonal substance and an elicitor.
JOURNAL OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATION
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Hassan S. Al-Zahrani, Hesham E. Alharby, Khalid Rehman Hakeem, Reiaz Ul Rehman
Summary: The study found that the application of zinc can alleviate the negative effects of salt stress on plant growth to a certain extent by improving physiological and biochemical changes, including increased shoot and root length, enhanced chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, and increased enzymatic antioxidant activities.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Juan F. Martin, Paloma Liras
Summary: Naringenin can be synthesized by the actinobacterium Streptomyces clavuligerus through a similar pathway as in plants. Understanding the biosynthesis of naringenin in Streptomyces clavuligerus is important for developing antibacterial and antitumor compounds.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Chun-Yen Hsieh, Yi-Hao Huang, Hui-Hsuan Yeh, Pei-Yu Hong, Che-Jen Hsiao, Lu-Sheng Hsieh
Summary: Bambusa oldhamii BoPAL4 exhibits broad substrate specificity, with optimal reaction pH and temperature varying for different substrates. A major substrate specificity site mutant, BoPAL4-H123F, shows improved affinity for L-phenylalanine. BoPAL4 is confirmed to utilize L-phenylalanine, L-tyrosine, and L-DOPA as substrates.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rui Song, Yunrui Xia, Zhe Zhao, Xing Yang, Nanyi Zhang
Summary: In this study, it was found that spraying 1 mg/L naphthalene acetic acid at the early growth stage significantly increased the rutin content, spraying 100 mg/L mepiquat chloride increased the hyperoside content, and spraying 2 mg/L naphthalene acetic acid increased the quercetin content in Hypericum attenuatum Choisy.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Jisun H. J. Lee, Deepak M. Kasote, Guddadarangavvanahally K. Jayaprakasha, Carlos A. Avila, Kevin M. Crosby, Bhimanagouda S. Patil
Summary: This study optimized PPO and POD extraction methods, identified optimal conditions for maximum enzyme activity, and investigated the effects of different production systems on PPO and POD activity in tomato fruits. The results suggest that certain volatile compounds have inhibitory effects on PPO, highlighting the potential for improving the shelf-life of fresh tomato fruit and its products.
JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Jashbir Singh, Guddadarangavvanahally K. Jayaprakasha, Bhimanagouda S. Patil
Summary: The study focuses on improving sample preparation for rapid analysis of carotenoids. Through experiments testing the extraction of carotenoids from different oranges and cantaloupes, an effective method was identified.
PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yukihiro Nagashima, Kai He, Jashbir Singh, Rita Metrani, Kevin M. Crosby, John Jifon, G. K. Jayaprakasha, Bhimanagouda Patil, Xiaoning Qian, Hisashi Koiwa
Summary: Melon is an important diploid crop with diverse flavors due to its distinct volatile organic compounds. Metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis of two cantaloupe varieties revealed a shift in VOC profiles during fruit development from C5-C8 lipid-derived VOCs in early fruits to C9 lipid-derived VOCs, apocarotenoids, and esters in late fruits. This shift was accompanied by specific isoforms of lipid and carotenoid metabolizing enzymes and transcription factors related to fruit ripening and hormone signaling.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Deepak M. Kasote, Jisun H. J. Lee, Guddarangavvanahally K. Jayaprakasha, Bhimanagouda S. Patil
Summary: The study demonstrates that the use of onion bulb extract to synthesize manganese oxide nanoparticles (MnO-NPs) is safer than their bulk counterparts and can increase crop productivity. Seed priming with MnO-NPs in watermelon seedlings has a significant impact on the plant's phytohormone, phenolic acid, chlorophyll, and antioxidant profiles.
Article
Plant Sciences
Varsha Ravindranath, Jashbir Singh, Guddarangavvanahally K. Jayaprakasha, Bhimanagouda S. Patil
Summary: This study evaluated the antioxidant activities and total phenolic contents of melon extracts extracted with 22 different solvent combinations. Results showed high DPPH and ABTS scavenging activities in methanolic extracts, and an optimized Fast Blue assay was developed for TPC measurement in fruit and juice samples. LC-HR-QTOF/MS analysis successfully detected six phenolic compounds in methanol extracts of melon.
Article
Plant Sciences
Shivapriya Manchali, Kotamballi N. Chidambara Murthy, Vishnuvardana, Bhimanagouda S. Patil
Summary: Characterizing the nutritional qualities and health-beneficial effects of 30 melon genotypes revealed potential health benefits in certain landraces, including high polyphenols contents and antioxidant activities, as well as nitric oxide induction and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition activities. These findings suggest the potential use of specific genotypes for breeding improved melon cultivars to promote these fruits and a healthy diet.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Rita Metrani, Guddadarangavvanahally K. Jayaprakasha, Bhimanagouda S. Patil
Summary: The optimized conditions for extracting volatile compounds in melons included blending the sample for 1 minute, adding 1 mL of 30% NaCl, using a 50/30 μm DVB/CAR/PDMS coated SPME fiber for adsorption, and extraction at 80°C for 30 minutes. Through the combination of HS-SPME-GC-MS and chemometric classification, 20 potential markers were identified to differentiate various melon varieties.
FOOD ANALYTICAL METHODS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Kishan Biradar, Jashbir Singh, Syamkumar S. Pillai, Kevin M. Crosby, Bhimanagouda S. Patil
Summary: A rapid ultra-high performance liquid chromatography method was developed for the simultaneous separation of capsaicinoid and capsinoid compounds in peppers. The method was successfully used to analyze different pepper cultivars and detect multiple capsaicinoid and capsinoid compounds.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Ji Yeon Noh, Matthew Herrera, Bhimanagouda S. Patil, Xiao-Di Tan, Gus A. Wright, Yuxiang Sun
Summary: The orexigenic hormone ghrelin and its receptor GHS-R play important roles in metabolism and inflammation. However, the expression and function of GHS-R in immune cells are still poorly understood. This review summarizes recent findings and calls for further research on the immunological roles of ghrelin signaling.
EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Nitin Dhowlaghar, Tushar Dhanani, Syamkumar Sivasankara Pillai, Bhimanagouda S. Patil
Summary: In this study, we extracted flavonoids and anthocyanins from dried red onion peels using accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) to produce red onion peel extract (ROPE). High-performance liquid chromatography analysis identified important flavonols and anthocyanins in ROPE. The total flavonoid content of ROPE was 459.15 mg/g +/- 16.45 (DW), while the total anthocyanin content was 33.14 mg/g +/- 0.99 (DW). ROPE showed strain-specific effects against L. monocytogenes, inhibiting biofilm formation, motility, and quorum sensing in a concentration-dependent manner. The results suggest that red onion peel waste has the potential to be a source of natural antibacterial compounds for food safety in the circular economy.
Correction
Food Science & Technology
Bhimu Patil, Jonathan Beauchamp, Liangli Yu, Michael Appell, Michael Morello, Michael Tunick, Mina Kim, Nitin Dhowlaghar, Tony Jin, Zhuohong Xie, Youngmok Kim
ACS FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
K. N. Chidambara Murthy, G. K. Jayaprakasha, Stephen Safe, Bhimanagouda S. Patil
Summary: The study demonstrated the cytotoxic effects of limonoids on human pancreatic cancer cells by modulating genes involved in proliferation and survival.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Junyi Wang, Guddadarangavvanahally K. Jayaprakasha, Bhimanagouda S. Patil
Summary: This study utilized UHPLC-QTOF-MS and metabolomics approaches to investigate the effects of different processing techniques on 19 vegetables, identifying 85 different metabolites and potential markers that differentiate the techniques. Antioxidant activities varied significantly between juices produced by different techniques and vegetable varieties, with kale juice produced by a low-speed juicer showing the highest levels of total phenolics and DPPH value.
ACS FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)