期刊
ARTIFICIAL ORGANS
卷 46, 期 7, 页码 E211-E243出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/aor.14232
关键词
3D bioprinting; 4D bioprinting; biomaterials; electrospinning; hierarchical assembly; microfabrication; microfluidics; microneedles; regenerative medicine; soft lithography; tissue engineering
资金
- Fulbright Commission Portugal
- Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology [SFRH/BD/130194/2017]
- Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia [SFRH/BD/130194/2017] Funding Source: FCT
This article reviews various microfabrication technologies used in tissue engineering and discusses their advantages, drawbacks, and areas for further research.
Background Tissue engineering provides various strategies to fabricate an appropriate microenvironment to support the repair and regeneration of lost or damaged tissues. In this matter, several technologies have been implemented to construct close-to-native three-dimensional structures at numerous physiological scales, which are essential to confer the functional characteristics of living tissues. Methods In this article, we review a variety of microfabrication technologies that are currently utilized for several tissue engineering applications, such as soft lithography, microneedles, templated and self-assembly of microstructures, microfluidics, fiber spinning, and bioprinting. Results These technologies have considerably helped us to precisely manipulate cells or cellular constructs for the fabrication of biomimetic tissues and organs. Although currently available tissues still lack some crucial functionalities, including vascular networks, innervation, and lymphatic system, microfabrication strategies are being proposed to overcome these issues. Moreover, the microfabrication techniques that have progressed to the preclinical stage are also discussed. Conclusions This article aims to highlight the advantages and drawbacks of each technique and areas of further research for a more comprehensive and evolving understanding of microfabrication techniques in terms of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications.
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