Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Steven A. John, Juan P. Zapata, Madeline Dang, Benedikt Pleuhs, Andrew O'Neil, Sabina Hirshfield, Jennifer L. Walsh, Andrew E. Petroll, Katherine G. Quinn
Summary: In 2021, intramuscular cabotegravir for long-acting injectable HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (LAI-PrEP) was approved by the U.S. FDA. A study was conducted to explore LAI-PrEP decision-making among young sexual minority men (YSMM) aged 17-24. The findings revealed that YSMM had varying preferences and considerations regarding LAI-PrEP, including concerns about adherence, awareness of safety and efficacy data, comfort with injections, minimizing stigma, and the option of self-administration. YSMM recognized the benefits of having more PrEP options for supporting uptake and persistence.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Alexy Inciarte, Ainoa Ugarte, Maria Martinez-Rebollar, Berta Torres, Emma Fernandez, Leire Berrocal, Montserrat Laguno, Lorena de la Mora, Elisa De Lazzari, Pilar Callau, Ivan Chivite, Ana Gonzalez-Cordon, Estela Solbes, Veronica Rico, Laura Barrero, Jose Luis Blanco, Esteban Martinez, Juan Ambrosioni, Josep Mallolas, DORAVIPEP Study Grp
Summary: The study evaluated the safety, tolerability, and adherence of the single-tablet regimen of doravirine/lamivudine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate for nonoccupational HIV postexposure prophylaxis. Results showed low noncompletion rates and no HIV seroconversions.
OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Editorial Material
Immunology
Laura Levi, Jean-Michel Molina
Summary: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) viremia in individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) indicates the extent of immune deficiency. In the absence of CMV end-organ disease, early initiation of effective antiretroviral therapy is the sole treatment required and is usually enough to manage CMV replication.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Carey Pike, Linda-Gail Bekker
Summary: Oral HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a safe and effective method for individuals to protect themselves against HIV infection. However, low uptake, adherence challenges, and high discontinuation rates have hindered its potential for reducing HIV incidence. The integration of long-acting agents into oral PrEP platforms may offer a solution to improve adherence and provide more options, but the advantages and pitfalls of this integration need to be carefully considered.
TRENDS IN MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Kennedy Crepalde-Ribeiro, Juliana de Oliveira Costa, Sallie-Anne Pearson, Micheline Rosa Silveira, Jullye Campos Mendes, Simone Furtado dos Santos, Marcio Afonso Cruz, Maria das Gracas Braga
Summary: Based on our research in Brazil, we found that the prevalence of PEPSE increased by 55.5% from 2011 to 2019, and there was an increasing proportion of repeated PEPSE. Repeated PEPSE was more common among cisgender men, transgender women, homosexuals, and individuals aged 25-29.
Review
Microbiology
Nicola Luigi Bragazzi, Rola Khamisy-Farah, Christina Tsigalou, Naim Mahroum
Summary: Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is considered an essential tool in the fight against HIV/AIDS, although it may have side effects on organs like the kidney, bone, and liver. These side effects could be mediated by changes in the gut microbiota. However, the impact of PrEP on gut microbiota in men who have sex with men (MSM) is not well understood. Several studies have found significant changes in gut microbiota due to PrEP, but the variations in composition are likely influenced by methodological differences. More data is needed, especially on long-term side effects and larger populations, to understand the interaction between gut microbiota, sexual orientation/identity, and HIV prevention in order to improve PrEP adherence and develop strategies to counteract side effects.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
James Ayieko, Maya L. Petersen, Jane Kabami, Florence Mwangwa, Fred Opel, Marilyn Nyabuti, Edwin D. Charlebois, James Peng, Catherine A. Koss, Laura B. Balzer, Gabriel Chamie, Elizabeth A. Bukusi, Moses R. Kamya, Diane Havlir
Summary: In a pilot PEP study conducted in rural communities in Kenya and Uganda, patient-centred PEP was found to be feasible and acceptable. With community leaders mobilizing, government health departments providing test kits and medications, and healthcare providers delivering the PEP regimen, a high completion rate was achieved without any HIV seroconversions.
JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL AIDS SOCIETY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Daniel Bradshaw, Graham Philip Taylor
Summary: This article discusses the epidemiological context of HIV-PrEP and HTLV-1 transmission, presents current knowledge of antiretrovirals in preventing HTLV-1 transmission, and identifies knowledge gaps that urgently require data to inform global public health measures to protect HIV-PrEP users from HTLV-1 acquisition.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Anthony Todd Fojo, Melissa Schnure, Parastu Kasaie, David W. Dowdy, Maunank Shah
Summary: The study shows that interventions such as increasing HIV testing, PrEP coverage, and viral suppression can lead to a 34% to 67% reduction in HIV incidence by 2030 in 32 priority metropolitan areas. Targeting young Black and Hispanic MSM, along with including all MSM and persons who inject drugs, can achieve even higher reductions in HIV incidence.
ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Health Policy & Services
Kaylee Scarnati, Katherine Esser, Eric G. Sahloff, Joan Duggan
Summary: HIV has a significant impact on approximately 1.2 million individuals in the United States, particularly among African Americans, Latinos, and people of multiple races. Access to post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) has been hindered by accessibility issues, preventing its widespread use in at-risk communities. However, New York City implemented a pharmacy-initiated PEP program in 2017, which has been followed by eleven other states, aiming to increase access to PEP for high-risk individuals. Despite these initiatives, prescribing laws in over 75% of the US have not been changed, limiting the availability of PEP. This paper reviews the current status of pharmacist-initiated PEP in the US as part of the End the HIV Epidemic (EHE) initiative.
JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Laelson Rochelle Milanes Sousa, Henrique Ciabotti Elias, Nilo Martinez Fernandes, Elucir Gir, Renata Karina Reis
Summary: Knowledge about PEP and PrEP is low among HIV/AIDS patients in Brazil, and educational interventions are needed to raise awareness of these prevention methods and strengthen secondary prevention efforts.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mia Moore, Sarah Stansfield, Deborah J. Donnell, Marie-Claude Boily, Kate M. Mitchell, Peter L. Anderson, Sinead Delany-Moretlwe, Linda-Gail Bekker, Nyaradzo M. Mgodi, Connie L. Celum, Dobromir Dimitrov
Summary: Modeling adherence to daily PrEP in cisgender women clarifies that high adherence confers high protection against HIV acquisition, while partial adherence results in lower efficacy, highlighting the need for new PrEP products and interventions to increase adherence.
Article
Immunology
Maxime J. Billick, Karla N. Fisher, Samantha Myers, Darrell H. S. Tan, Isaac I. Bogoch
Summary: Postexposure prophylaxis-in-pocket (PIP) is a self-initiated, event-driven HIV prevention modality for individuals with a low frequency of HIV exposures. The longitudinal evaluation of patients using PIP as their primary HIV prevention modality suggests that PIP can effectively prevent HIV infection and serve as a useful addition to other pharmacologic HIV prevention tools.
JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marion Fiorentino, Abdourahmane Sow, Luis Sagaon-Teyssier, Marion Mora, Marie-Therese Mengue, Laurent Vidal, Christopher Kuaban, Laura March, Christian Laurent, Bruno Spire, Sylvie Boyer
Summary: The study showed that MLHIV perpetrators of IPV have a higher risk of HIV transmission and engage in risky sexual behaviors. Factors associated with IPV included socioeconomic vulnerability and HIV-related stigma. Interventions to prevent IPV and HIV transmission by MLHIV are needed.
Review
Nursing
Joana Agyeman-Yeboah, Esmeralda Jennifer Ricks, Margaret Williams, Portia Janine Jordan, Wilma Ten Ham-Baloyi
Summary: This review summarized recommendations from 16 guidelines related to antiretroviral therapy adherence among adult persons living with HIV, identifying two themes: monitoring adherence and interventions to promote adherence. Both interventions and monitoring are necessary for promoting adherence to antiretroviral therapy in adults, and further exploration of contributing factors is required. The evidence from included guidelines can help nurses in promoting patients' adherence to antiretroviral treatment, ultimately improving their health and well-being.
JOURNAL OF ADVANCED NURSING
(2022)
Article
Health Policy & Services
E. J. Beck, D. Loncar, S. Mandalia, N. H. Patel, J. Lwanga, A. Sharp, J. Fox
Summary: This study examined the utilization, cost, and outcomes of HIV services for people newly diagnosed with HIV (ND-PLHIV) at a London HIV center. The study found that white participants used fewer hospital services and more community services compared to minority ethnic community (MEC) participants. Annual costs were inversely related to CD4 count at entry.
AIDS CARE-PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SOCIO-MEDICAL ASPECTS OF AIDS/HIV
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Rakan Nasreddine, Jean Cyr Yombi, Gilles Darcis, Eric Florence, Sabine D. Allard, Marie-Angelique De Scheerder, Sophie Henrard, Remy Demeester, Peter Messiaen, Nathalie Ausselet, Matthias Loeckx, Marc Delforge, Stephane De Wit
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy, durability, and tolerability of dolutegravir/lamivudine and dolutegravir/rilpivirine in a real-world setting. The results showed that both regimens were effective and well-tolerated for both treatment-naive and treatment-experienced patients. The study also found that these regimens may lead to a slight increase in weight.
Article
Immunology
Sarah Fidler, Julie Fox, Timothy Tipoe, Stephanie Longet, Tom Tipton, Movin Abeywickrema, Sandra Adele, Jasmini Alagaratnam, Mohammad Ali, Parvinder K. Aley, Suhail Aslam, Anbhu Balasubramanian, Anna Bara, Tanveer Bawa, Anthony Brown, Helen Brown, Federica Cappuccini, Sophie Davies, Jamie Fowler, Leila Godfrey, Anna L. Goodman, Kathrine Hilario, Carl-Philipp Hackstein, Moncy Mathew, Yama F. Mujadidi, Alice Packham, Claire Petersen, Emma Plested, Katrina M. Pollock, Maheshi N. Ramasamy, Hannah Robinson, Nicola Robinson, Patpong Rongkard, Helen Sanders, Teona Serafimova, Niamh Spence, Anele Waters, Danielle Woods, Panagiota Zacharopoulou, Eleanor Barnes, Susanna Dunachie, Philip Goulder, Paul Klenerman, Alan Winston, Adrian V. S. Hill, Sarah C. Gilbert, Miles Carroll, Andrew J. Pollard, Teresa Lambe, Ane Ogbe, John Frater
Summary: People with HIV on antiretroviral therapy and good CD4 T-cell counts can generate effective immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 after vaccination. A third vaccine dose can significantly enhance B- and T-cell immunity, including responses to known variants of concern.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Mar Masia, Marta Fernandez-Gonzalez, Vanesa Agullo, Paula Mascarell, Sergio Padilla, Javier Garcia-Abellan, Felix Gutierrez
Summary: A longitudinal study was conducted to evaluate the HIV-1 RNA levels in rectal and seminal samples of virologically suppressed participants who switched to long-acting cabotegravir plus rilpivirine or continued with daily dolutegravir-abacavir-lamivudine. The study found comparable viral suppression in rectal and seminal compartments, with similar frequency of viral blips in both treatment regimens.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Laura Waters, Lambert Assoumou, Ana Gonzalez-Cordon, Stefano Rusconi, Pere Domingo, Mark Gompels, Stephane de Wit, Francois Raffi, Christoph Stephan, Mar Masia, Jurgen Rockstroh, Christine Katlama, Georg M. N. Behrens, Graeme Moyle, Margaret Johnson, Julie Fox, Hans-Jurgen Stellbrink, Giovanni Guaraldi, Eric Florence, Stefan Esser, Jose M. Gatell, Anton Pozniak, Esteban Martinez
Summary: In the NEAT022 trial, virologically suppressed HIV patients at high cardiovascular risk switching from protease inhibitors to dolutegravir showed noninferior virological suppression and significant reductions in lipid and cardiovascular disease risk, regardless of immediate or delayed switching.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Health Policy & Services
Jara Llenas-Garcia, Mar Masia, Reyes Pascual Perez, Inmaculada Gonzalez-Cuello, Vanesa Agullo Re, Monica Romero Nieto, Maria Amat Diaz, Sergio Padilla Urrea, Francisco Jose Rodriguez Lucena, Philip Wikman-Jorgensen
Summary: This multicentre observational study conducted in Spain found a high prevalence of abuse among people living with HIV (PLHIV) on antiretroviral therapy. Abuse was independently associated with non-adherence and detectable viral load. The study highlights the need for abuse screening tools to be incorporated into routine HIV care.
AIDS CARE-PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SOCIO-MEDICAL ASPECTS OF AIDS/HIV
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Harsita Patel, Amalia Sintou, Rasheda A. Chowdhury, Stephen Rothery, Alma Octavia Iacob, Sanjay Prasad, Peter P. Rainer, Federico Martinon-Torres, Vanessa Sancho-Shimizu, Chisato Shimizu, Kirsten Dummer, Adriana H. Tremoulet, Jane C. Burns, Susanne Sattler, Michael Levin
Summary: This study investigated the presence of anticardiac autoantibodies in MIS-C or COVID-19 vaccine-induced myocarditis and found no evidence of antibody binding to cardiac tissue in these conditions. This suggests that the cardiac pathology in MIS-C and vaccine-induced myocarditis is unlikely to be driven by direct anticardiac antibody-mediated mechanisms.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Daniel Podzamczer, Arkaitz Imaz, Ana Lopez-Lirola, Hernando Knobel, Mar Masia, Chiara Fanciulli, Cristina Hernandez, Maria Lagarde, Angela Gutierrez, Adria Curran, Luis Morano, Marta Montero-Alonso, Jesus Troya, Raul Rigo, Maria Casadella, Antonio Navarro-Alcaraz, Fernando Ardila, Mariona Parera, Enrique Bernal, Patricia Echeverria, Vicente Estrada, Carmen Hidalgo-Tenorio, Juan Macias, Paula Prieto, Joaquin Portilla, Eulalia Valencia, Maria Jesus Vivancos, Antonio Rivero
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of a switching strategy using bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (BIC/FTC/TAF) plus darunavir/cobicistat in heavily treatment-experienced people living with HIV. The results showed that this regimen was effective and well-tolerated, potentially improving convenience and long-term treatment success.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Pere Domingo, Laura Waters, Mar Masia, Hans-Juergen Stellbrink, Francois Raffi, Pere Domingo, Laura Waters, Ana Gonzalez-Cordon, Lambert Assoumou, Graeme Moyle, Laura Waters, Margaret Johnson, Pere Domingo, Jose M. Gatell, Hans-Juergen Stellbrink, Giovanni Guaraldi, Mar Masia, Mark Gompels, Stephane De Wit, Eric Florence, Stefan Esser, Francois Raffi, Georg Behrens, Anton Pozniak, Jose M. Gatell
Summary: Switching from boosted PIs to dolutegravir in PWH with high cardiovascular risk led to favorable changes in several biomarkers associated with cardiovascular disease at 96 weeks, although CIMT progression did not show significant changes.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Mar Masia, Ana Gutierrez-Ortiz de la Tabla, Felix Gutierrez
Summary: Cancer is more prevalent and diagnosed at later stages in people with HIV, highlighting the need for personalized cancer screening strategies in HIV care settings.
Article
Microbiology
Mar Masia, Alba de la Rica, Marta Fernandez-Gonzalez, Jose Alberto Garcia, Sergio Padilla, Javier Garcia-Abellan, Angela Botella, Paula Mascarell, Felix Gutierrez
Summary: T cell-mediated immunity plays a crucial role in protecting against severe COVID-19. This study evaluated the performance of a standardized assay, SARS-CoV-2-specific interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA), in measuring cellular immune response in hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19. The results showed that the IGRA accurately classified patients based on disease severity and prognosis, and the performance of the assay was not affected by the SARS-CoV-2 variant or control tube results. The study identified a cutoff point with a high negative predictive value against mortality. The SARS-CoV-2 IGRA may be a useful tool for assessing cellular immunity and guiding targeted therapeutic and preventive measures in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Letter
Immunology
Claire Norcross, Loice Achieng Ombajo, Sheetal Kassim, Nigel Garrett, Fiona Cresswell, Eugene Ruzagira
Article
Infectious Diseases
Pere Domingo, Laura Waters, Mar Masia, Hans-Juergen Stellbrink, Francois Raffi, Pere Domingo, Laura Waters, Ana Gonzalez-Cordon, Lambert Assoumou, Graeme Moyle, Laura Waters, Margaret Johnson, Pere Domingo, Jose M. Gatell, Hans-Juergen Stellbrink, Giovanni Guaraldi, Mar Masia, Mark Gompels, Stephane De Wit, Eric Florence, Stefan Esser, Francois Raffi, Georg Behrens, Anton Pozniak, Jose M. Gatell
Summary: Switching from boosted PIs to dolutegravir in PWH with high cardiovascular risk showed significant changes in biomarkers associated with cardiovascular disease after 96 weeks. Most changes were favorable, except for adiponectin reduction. However, there were no significant changes in CIMT progression.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
