Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Xueqin Gao, Xiaoli Hua, Xu Wang, Wanbin Xu, Yu Zhang, Chen Shi, Ming Gu
Summary: This study systematically evaluated the weight loss effect and safety of semaglutide as a conventional anti-obesity drug in obese or overweight patients without diabetes. The results showed that semaglutide significantly reduced body weight and had positive effects on blood pressure, C-reactive protein, and lipid profiles. However, it also had more adverse effects, mainly gastrointestinal reactions.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Chaitong Churuangsuk, Julien Hall, Andrew Reynolds, Simon J. Griffin, Emilie Combet, Michael E. J. Lean
Summary: The study evaluated different dietary approaches for weight loss and remission in patients with type 2 diabetes. It found that very low energy diets and formula meal replacements were the most effective methods, while most evidence was limited to a duration of 1 year or less.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Cormac Kennedy, Peter Hayes, Sulafa Salama, Martina Hennessy, Federica Fogacci
Summary: This study found that the GLP-1 RA drug semaglutide can significantly reduce weight and improve blood pressure in non-diabetic patients. The analysis included 6 RCT trials with a total of 4744 participants, and the results showed that the participants had normal blood pressure at baseline. After semaglutide treatment, the mean reduction in systolic blood pressure was 4.83 mmHg, and the mean reduction in diastolic blood pressure was 2.45 mmHg.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Mahanjit Konwar, Debdipta Bose, Sanjeet Kumar Jaiswal, Mitesh Kumar Maurya, Renju Ravi
Summary: Liraglutide at a dose of 3.0 mg has shown significant weight reduction and reasonable safety profile in overweight and obese patients, regardless of diabetic status.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Shan Wu, Jiani Jin, Kai-Lun Hu, Yiqing Wu, Dan Zhang
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the optimal intervention strategy to prevent gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and restrict gestational weight gain (GWG) among overweight/obese pregnant women. The results showed that PA and diet + PA interventions had a trend of preventing GDM, and interventions of diet, PA, and diet + PA were significant factors to restrict GWG. Overall, a combination of diet and physical activity intervention seemed to be the superior choice for both GDM prevention and excessive GWG.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Wenhui Qin, Jun Yang, Chao Deng, Qinjuan Ruan, Kai Duan
Summary: The aim of this study was to explore the safety and efficacy of subcutaneous semaglutide 2.4 mg in non-diabetic overweight or obese individuals. The results showed that semaglutide led to a significant and sustainable reduction in body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, and achieved a higher proportion of patients who experienced weight loss exceeding 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. It also showed significant efficacy in controlling blood pressure, blood sugar levels, C-reactive protein levels, and lipid profiles. The most common adverse effects were mild to moderate gastrointestinal reactions.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Grace Austin, Jessica J. A. Ferguson, Manohar L. Garg
Summary: This study systematically reviewed randomized controlled trials investigating the effects of plant-based dietary patterns on body weight, BMI, and waist circumference in individuals with type 2 diabetes. The findings showed that compared to regular meat-eating diets, plant-based dietary patterns significantly reduced body weight, BMI, and waist circumference, providing evidence for the implementation of these dietary patterns for better management of central adiposity in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ana Rita Leite, Antonio Angelico-Goncalves, Francisco Vasques-Novoa, Marta Borges-Canha, Adelino Leite-Moreira, Joao Sergio Neves, Joao Pedro Ferreira
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effect of GLP-1 receptor agonists on the risk of cardiovascular events in overweight or obese adults without diabetes. The meta-analysis of placebo-controlled trials showed that GLP-1 RA treatment significantly reduced the risk of cardiovascular events in these patients.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Anjali Kashyap, Alexander Mackay, Ben Carter, Claire L. Fyfe, Alexandra M. Johnstone, Phyo K. Myint
Summary: Vegan diets do not have a significant impact on weight and glycemic control, but they can significantly lower LDL cholesterol. Low-calorie diets have a significant improvement in glycemic control and are beneficial for weight loss and improvement in anthropometric markers.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Qiqi Ren, Kaifeng Li, Han Sun, Chengdong Zheng, Yalin Zhou, Ying Lyu, Wanyun Ye, Hanxu Shi, Wei Zhang, Yajun Xu, Shilong Jiang
Summary: The study found that there was no significant difference in growth between formula-fed and breastfed infants in the early stages of life. However, infants consuming formula with higher protein content grew faster at 2-3 months old. Furthermore, formula-fed infants showed faster growth compared to breastfed infants as time progressed.
Review
Surgery
Tyler McKechnie, Christopher A. Povolo, Jay Lee, Yung Lee, Lily Park, Aristithes G. Doumouras, Dennis Hong, Mohit Bhandari, Cagla Eskicioglu
Summary: Although the evidence currently available is heterogeneous, preoperative very low energy diets are safe, well tolerated, and effectively induce preoperative weight loss in patients undergoing nonbariatric surgery for both benign and malignant disease. Further prospective studies are warranted.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Yutong Shi, Kyohsuke Wakaba, Kosuke Kiyohara, Fumi Hayashi, Kazuyo Tsushita, Yoshio Nakata
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of web-based interventions for weight change in overweight and obese adults. The analysis of 97 articles showed that components such as social support, self-monitoring, information about health consequences, and goal setting played important roles in achieving effectiveness. The study demonstrated that web-based interventions have significant effects on weight change in individuals with overweight and obesity.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Yue-Heng Yin, Justina Yat Wa Liu, Tsz Man Fan, Kit Man Leung, Man Wai Ng, Tsun Yee Tsang, Ka Po Wong, Maritta Valimaki
Summary: Nutritional advice is more effective than exercise in reducing body weight and fat mass in frail, obese older adults, as well as enhancing physical function and psychosocial well-being. However, it is less effective in increasing muscle strength and preventing lean mass loss compared to exercise or combined interventions.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yan Tang, Lin Zhang, Yuping Zeng, Xia Wang, Mei Zhang
Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the clinical efficacy and safety of tirzepatide in patients with type 2 diabetes. The results showed that tirzepatide significantly reduced HbA1c, fasting serum glucose, and body weight, and improved blood pressure and fasting lipid profiles without increasing the risk of hypoglycemia.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Tanefa A. Apekey, Maria J. Maynard, Monia Kittana, Setor K. Kunutsor
Summary: The study found that low carbohydrate diets are equally effective as low fat diets in reducing HbA1c levels and adiposity parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes in the short to intermediate term. There were no significant differences in cardiovascular metabolic markers and risk of adverse events between the two diets.