Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Hu Zhou, Cheng Zheng, Xuesen Yue, Zihan Zhu, Ange Lu, Xiangshao Kong, Weiguo Wu
Summary: The afterburning effect of detonation products in a confined blast was investigated, and a method for determining the TNT equivalency considering the afterburning effect was proposed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Xiaojuan Wang, Xuejian Zhang, Luyao Song, Hongyuan Zhou, Yonghui Wang, Hong Zhang, Pengli Cong
Summary: The demand and application of buried structures have greatly increased recently. In this study, the confined blast mitigation effectiveness of buried steel boxes with foam concrete was investigated both experimentally and numerically. The study found that applying foam concrete layer effectively mitigates confined blast, but the thickness and crushing strength of the foam concrete should be carefully considered.
THIN-WALLED STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Xianzhao Song, Jing Zhang, Quan Liu, Qiming Xu, Jiu Chen, Dan Zhang, Lifeng Xie, Bin Li
Summary: Experiments were conducted to study the effects of hydrogen concentrations and vent areas on vented hydrogen-air explosion. The results showed that the pressure oscillation frequency increased with hydrogen concentration and the Helmholtz oscillation disappeared with the increase of K-v. Higher dynamic loading was experienced at positions farther away from the vent cover. In addition, the external field had lower hydrogen concentration, and the external flame velocity was greater for rich fuel. Deflagration to detonation was easier to achieve for concentrations near 50 vol% and lower K-v.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Xianzhao Song, Jing Zhang, Quan Liu, Qiming Xu, Jiu Chen, Dan Zhang, Lifeng Xie, Bin Li
Summary: The study showed that hydrogen concentrations and vent areas have significant effects on vented hydrogen-air explosions. Increasing hydrogen concentration led to higher pressure oscillation frequency and gradual disappearance of Helmholtz oscillation. Higher hydrogen concentrations resulted in higher dynamic loading, and there is a relationship between external field hydrogen concentration and Kv, affecting explosion patterns and flame velocities.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Lei Zhou, Lijia Zhong, Xiaojun Zhang, Haiqiao Wei
Summary: The study shows that in spark-ignition engines, advancing the ignition timing of the end-gas spark can reduce pressure oscillation intensity and suppress autoignition; end-gas ignition has a significant influence on the occurrence and intensity of detonation and pressure oscillation.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zhenzhen Zhao, Yuntao Liang, Baolong Guo, Shuanglin Song, Jieqi Bai
Summary: In this study, a series of explosion experiments were conducted to investigate the impact of H2 volume fraction on the kinetics of LPG explosion reaction. The results show that the addition of H2 influences the flame development modes and explosion pressure of LPG, primarily by generating important radicals such as H and OH to enhance the reaction activity. This study reveals the influence of H2 on the reaction mechanism of LPG.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Jackson Crane, Jonathan T. Lipkowicz, Xian Shi, Irenaeus Wlokas, Andreas M. Kempf, Hai Wang
Summary: Three-dimensional detonation simulations are performed in square channel and round tube geometries, and are compared with two-dimensional simulations and experiments to understand the effect of confinement and boundaries on detonation structure. Results show that 3D detonations have highly inhomogeneous blast dynamics due to the intersections of many transverse waves, resulting in extreme thermodynamic states and overdriven wave velocities. The simulations in different geometries exhibit different detonation cell sizes and blast dynamics.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Rongkun Pan, Bang Cui, Xuebo Zhang, Yanming Wang, Ligang Zheng
Summary: Experiments were conducted to evaluate the pressure relief characteristics of the explosion-proof door using a self-built small size experimental platform. The study analyzed the overpressure attenuation at different positions and the effect of equivalent ratio on overpressure attenuation when the explosion-proof door was opened and failed to open for pressure relief. The results showed that the overpressure increased dramatically when the explosion-proof door failed to open. The overpressure attenuation exhibited a linear trend with the opening of the explosion-proof door. The peak overpressure decline rate at the explosion-proof door position was greater than that in the main ventilation fan tunnel.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Li Ma, Shangming Liu, Gaoming Wei, Ying Guo
Summary: The rapid isolation of the disaster area underground coal mine can effectively prevent the spread of disaster accidents. The cushioning performance of the inflatable capsule to an explosion shock wave is an important factor affecting sealing reliability. The capsule can absorb and reduce impact energy through its deformation, and complete energy buffering through dynamic response process.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Xiangshao Kong, Hu Zhou, Jingbo Xu, Cheng Zheng, Ange Lu, Weiguo Wu
Summary: Dimensional analysis method is used to determine relationships between different scale models. The study investigates scaling effects of explosions in confined spaces through theoretical and experimental approaches. The similarity criterion of confined blast load and structural response is analyzed theoretically, followed by confined explosion tests with 1:2 geometric scaling factor. The results show that blast loads meet the similarity criterion, but the responses of plates do not follow the scaling relationship and are further analyzed. The proposed similarity approach can be applied in designing small scale experiments.
THIN-WALLED STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Richard Kuracina, Zuzana Szabova, Michal Bachraty, Miroslav Mynarz, Marian Skvarka
Summary: This paper discusses the hazards of combustible dust explosions, specific equipment, and standards, focusing on the technical solutions for redesigning and testing a detonation chamber for the study of dispersed dust. Comparative measurements in the redesigned chamber with commercially available equipment were conducted to validate the results of different powders.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Hezi Y. Grisaro
Summary: Pressure-Impulse (P-I) diagrams are a quick preliminary tool to assess the dynamic structural resistance to blast loads. Traditional P-I diagrams cannot represent the structural resistance in fully confined explosion events due to infinite impulse. This study develops P-I diagrams for fully confined explosions and introduces a new suggested formulation and definition of the impulse, resulting in P-I diagrams with two pressure asymptotes. A semi-empirical model is proposed to quickly evaluate the P-I diagrams with high accuracy, without the need for additional expensive structural analyses.
ENGINEERING FAILURE ANALYSIS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Shangyong Zhou, Jiancun Gao, Zhenmin Luo, Shoutao Hu, Le Wang, Bin Su, Ruikang Li
Summary: The study shows that MAA and AV have dual effects of promoting and suppressing explosions, with the properties of flammable gases determining whether the dominant effect is promotion or suppression. Blindly using explosion suppression materials may greatly increase safety risks.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Ya Yang, Jin-chun Liu, Shi-gang Yang, Qin Fang, Chao Rong, Zhan Li
Summary: Different types of architectural glass have different anti-explosion capabilities, and increasing the thickness of the structure layer improves the anti-explosion ability of different building glasses.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Jun-bao Li, Wei-bing Li, Jia-xin Yu, Wei Xiao, He-yang Xu
Summary: The study investigates the effect of aluminum content and particle size on the energy release of aluminum/rubber composites. The results show that an active layer increases the peak overpressure and combustion-related parameters of the primary blast wave. Increasing the Al content improves the quasistatic pressure and special impulse, but the effect is less significant at 50% Al, possibly due to decreased combustion efficiency. Smaller Al particles generate better transient blast performance, while moderate-sized particles have a stronger destructive effect.
DEFENCE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
V. R. Feldgun, D. Z. Yankelevsky
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES
(2020)
Article
Mechanics
V. R. Feldgun, D. Z. Yankelevsky
JOURNAL OF APPLIED MECHANICS-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
(2020)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Idan E. Edri, David Z. Yankelevsky, Oded Rabinovitch
Summary: The paper studies the blast response of arching masonry walls realistically supported by understanding the dynamics and evolution of thrust forces. A rigid-flexible multibody model for nonlinear-dynamic analysis is developed to consider physical aspects and minimize computational time. This comprehensive study validates the model by comparing with existing models and experiments to explore critical aspects of the physical behavior.
JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING MECHANICS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
V. R. Feldgun, D. Z. Yankelevsky, Y. S. Karinski
Summary: This paper presents an analytical study on the cavitation phenomenon during penetration of a rigid projectile into an elastic-plastic target. The developed analytical approach provides a new method based on the general solution of the quasi static and non-stationary dynamic cylindrical/spherical cavity expansion problem. The paper also derives an analytical projectile-target separation criterion for projectiles with arbitrary shapes and simplified material models, and investigates the effect of projectile and medium properties on the size of the contact zone.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Vladimir R. Feldgun, David Z. Yankelevsky, Yuri S. Karinski
Summary: This paper investigates the dynamic cavity expansion problem due to pressure loading at the cavity boundary and proposes a general solution for non-stationary dynamic problems in different soil media using a simplified material model. The results show good agreement between the developed model's solutions and existing solutions and experimental data.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL AND ANALYTICAL METHODS IN GEOMECHANICS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
David Z. Yankelevsky, Yuri S. Karinski, Alex Brodsky, Vladimir R. Feldgun
Summary: Flat slabs are sensitive to punching shear failure, which may lead to slab collapse and progressive building collapse upon impact. Drop panels can enhance the static resistance of slabs against punching shear and limit the contact zone of impacting slabs, reducing impact-induced damage and preventing collapse.
ENGINEERING FAILURE ANALYSIS
(2021)
Article
Mechanics
Idan E. Edri, David Z. Yankelevsky, Oded Rabinovitch
Summary: This paper presents a model for the static analysis of one-way arching masonry walls subjected to out-of-plane loads, taking into account the deformability of the masonry units and mortar joints. The study provides insight into the parameters affecting the global stability and ductility characteristics of arching masonry walls.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MECHANICS A-SOLIDS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
D. Z. Yankelevsky, V. R. Feldgun, Y. S. Karinski
Summary: The present paper introduces a theoretically-based method for determining the quasi-static resistance term of concrete targets, which shows stronger theoretical basis and clearer dependence on the constitutive properties of the material compared to traditional semi-empirical approaches.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
D. Z. Yankelevsky, V. R. Feldgun, Y. S. Karinski
Summary: This paper investigates the optimal nose shape of a projectile penetrating a target with dry friction. Analytical expressions of contact stresses, total resistance force, and final penetration depth are derived, and different optimization approaches are compared. The study shows that dry friction has a visible effect on penetration depth, but negligible impact on the optimal shape of the projectile nose.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Idan E. E. Edri, David Z. Z. Yankelevsky, Oded Rabinovitch
Summary: Characterizing the behavior and mechanical properties of masonry assemblies under out-of-plane static loading is crucial for understanding their response to complex loading scenarios. This study combines experimental and theoretical approaches to gain insight into the behavior of arching walls. The experiments involve one-way specimens with two or four masonry units, aiming to collect quantitative data on their response to monotonic and cyclic loadings. The experimental results are used as a benchmark to compare with an analytical model, further revealing the physical behavior and exploring the cracking process and deformation profile.
Article
Engineering, Civil
David Z. Yankelevsky, Yuri S. Karinski, Dina Tsemakh, Vladimir R. Feldgun
Summary: This paper presents a realistic model for simulating the progressive collapse scenario in a typical low-rise building. Two different scenarios are identified based on the damage condition of the impacting slab, and the impact occurrences are analyzed separately. The findings provide insights into the collision dynamics and damage characteristics in progressive collapse events.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Yuri S. Karinski, David Z. Yankelevsky, Vladimir R. Feldgun
Summary: Cracking is an inherent characteristic of a reinforced-concrete (RC) element under tension or bending, and the width of the cracks depends on the bond behavior between the rebar and the concrete. Limiting crack widths improves the performance, safety, and service life expectancy of RC bridges. This paper presents an extended one-dimensional formulation for analyzing RC elements under tension loads and solves the tension stiffening problem. The developed extended bond-slip model provides analytical solutions for stresses, strains, and displacements in concrete, steel, and the interface. The model shows good agreement with experimental results, surpassing the commonly used linear bond-slip model.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
David Z. Yankelevsky, Yuri S. Karinski, Vladimir R. Feldgun
Summary: Crack width is an important criterion in reinforced-concrete structures, especially for bridge performance. This study proposes a new method based on equilibrium, constitutive, and kinematic relationships to accurately assess crack widths and calculate information such as crack quantity and spacing. The model shows good agreement with experimental data.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Hezi Y. Grisaro, Idan E. Edri, Samuel E. Rigby
Summary: This paper investigates the TNT equivalency factor for three common explosives using numerical simulations to determine the theoretical upper bound kinetic energy that would be imparted to a flexible target. The results show non-constant EFs in the near-field, dependent on both standoff and target size, which can be used for practical applications involving charge mass, distance, target size, thickness, and density.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
David Z. Yankelevsky, Yuri S. Karinski, Alex Brodsky, Vladimir R. Feldgun
Summary: This study evaluates the performance and damage situation of a flat RC building designed according to current standards under impact loading. It was found that larger span slabs experience more severe damage, and the damage results of impacts at different velocities were examined. Different parameters affecting the dynamic response of the slabs were studied, providing new insights into the complex impact response of flat RC slabs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
A. P. Simonov, I. V. Sergeichev
Summary: The direct impact method provides a higher sample deformation rate and reliable results for materials with low yield strength and hardening rate. This study proposes an alternative procedure for calculating the strain rate in order to improve accuracy of the direct impact method for a wide range of metals and alloys. The proposed method has been validated through finite element analysis and direct impact tests, and it qualitatively changes the shape of the stress-strain curve by adding an unloading area.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Qiang Wei, Zifeng Li
Summary: This study investigates the dynamic bifurcation of a column when it impacts a rigid plane vertically, which is different from the classical Eulerian static buckling. The findings show that either the dimensionless critical buckling time or the dimensionless critical buckling velocity can be used to determine whether buckling has occurred. Different dimensionless initial defects in the column result in different dimensionless displacement responses, and the nonlinear effect influences the analysis results.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
M. C. Price, M. J. Cole, K. H. Harriss, L. S. Alesbrook, M. J. Burchell, P. J. Wozniakiewicz
Summary: This article introduces a new gas gun developed at the Centre for Astrophysics and Planetary Science, University of Kent, which can produce vertical impacts at speeds up to 2 km/s. The gun design, assembly, operation, and ancillary components are described in detail. The experimental results demonstrate that the gun performs as expected.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Fanny Gant, Gabriel Seisson, Patrice Longere, Skander El Mai, Jean-Luc Zinszner
Summary: The article investigates the high strain rate response of metals and alloys under radial expansion and compares different materials. The results show that different materials exhibit different responses in terms of deformation and fracture.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
M. D. Fitzgerald, J. D. Pecover, N. Petrinic, D. E. Eakins
Summary: This study investigates the mechanism for the destruction of thick flyers accelerated using electric guns and proposes strategies for mitigating their break-up based on experimental results and mathematical models. The findings suggest that limiting the maximum pressure within the flyer and extending the current rise time can prevent flyer failure, increasing the efficiency and shock duration of the electric gun.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Guowen Gao, Enling Tang, Guolai Yang, Yafei Han, Mengzhou Chang, Kai Guo, Liping He
Summary: In this study, the dynamic constitutive model of Al/Ep/W material was investigated and verified through experiments and numerical simulations. The proposed model accurately described the mechanical behavior of the material under high strain rates, providing an important reference for evaluating the response characteristics of the new energetic material projectile to lightweight aluminum armor.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Minzu Liang, Meng Zhou, Xiangyu Li, Yuliang Lin, Fangyun Lu
Summary: UHMWPE fiber mesh reinforced polyurea composites improve structural strength and blast resistance performance, and can alter the failure mode. Loose filler is generated as polyurea melts and fragments penetrate. Joint loads are classified into three categories based on their connection and duration.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Ashutosh Jha, Guglielmo Cimolai, Iman Dayyani
Summary: The present article introduces the Zero Poisson's Ratio Fish Cells metamaterial and investigates the effects of Poisson's ratio on the crashworthiness of different lattice structures. Numerical results demonstrate that the Zero Poisson's Ratio model possesses greater stability and structural integrity with minimal edge deformations.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Hongbo Zhang, Dayong Hu, Xubin Ye, Xin Chen, Yuhuai He
Summary: This study investigated the impact of spherical foreign objects on simulated blade edges through experimental and theoretical analysis. The experimental results showed that increasing impact energy resulted in larger damage sizes, and three distinct types of deformations were observed in FOD. Accurate FOD prediction models were developed using linear and power formulas. The theoretical analysis using a spring-mass system based on Winkler's elastic-plastic foundation theory yielded results in good agreement with experimental measurements, providing a reference for fatigue life assessment of aeroengine blades.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
L. M. Reitter, Y. A. Malik, A. B. Jahn, I. V. Roisman, J. Hussong
Summary: This study characterizes the dynamic strength of wet granular ice layers through impact tests. The results reveal strong connections between ice particles in ice layers generated by ice crystal accretion. Comparable strength values can be obtained by reinforcing ice particle connections in ice layers prepared in the laboratory.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Kyle Mao, Genevieve Toussaint, Alexandra Komrakova, James D. Hogan
Summary: In this study, the Generalized Incremental Stress State dependent damage MOdel (GISSMO) is used to simulate the high-velocity impact failure of Armox 500T steel. The GISSMO is calibrated and validated using experimental data from the literature, and is then applied to investigate the impact failure behaviors of bi-layered steel systems. The results provide new capabilities and insights for the design of armor structures and evaluation of impact failure behaviors in Armox 500T/RHA bi-layered systems.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Asim Onder
Summary: This paper investigates the performance of bumper plates with wavy surfaces under hypervelocity impact and finds that they are more effective in decreasing the impact energy compared to flat plates. The study also reveals the distinctive debris cloud generation that has never been reported before.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Zhi-Yong Yin, Xiao-wei Chen
Summary: This study numerically reveals three typical fracture modes of explosively-driven metal shells and investigates the influencing factors of different fracture modes through experimental data and dimensional analysis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Jiri Pachman, David J. Chapman, Marek Foglar, Martin Kunzel, William G. Proud
Summary: Through the study of different types of concrete, it was found that despite their compositional complexity, range of compressive strengths, and reinforcement methods, the average Hugoniot data were remarkably similar between different concrete types.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Konstantin Kappe, Klaus Hoschke, Werner Riedel, Stefan Hiermaier
Summary: This paper presents a multi-objective optimization procedure for effectively designing gradient lattice structures under dynamic loading. The aim is to maximize energy absorption characteristics and achieve a lightweight design. Through considering design variables such as the relative density and density gradient, the peak crushing force reduction and maximized specific energy absorption are simultaneously optimized. A simplified beam-based finite element model is used to efficiently model and simulate the lattice structures. An artificial neural network is trained to predict energy absorbing characteristics and find optimal lattice structure configurations. The network is trained using a multi response adaptive sampling algorithm, allowing parallel simulation with automatically generated finite element models. A multi-objective genetic algorithm is then used to find optimal combinations of design parameters for lattice structures under different impact velocities and cell topologies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
(2024)
