Article
Environmental Sciences
Asif Jamil, Sikander Rafiq, Tanveer Iqbal, Hafiza Aroosa Aslam Khan, Haris Mahmood Khan, Babar Azeem, M. Z. Mustafa, Abdulkader S. Hanbazazah
Summary: Fuel cells are environmentally friendly technology with high efficiency and economic advantages. Proton exchange membranes, especially for hydrogen fuel cells, have great potential but face challenges in terms of cost and degradation of proton exchange capacity over time.
Review
Polymer Science
Gowthami Palanisamy, Tae Hwan Oh, Sadhasivam Thangarasu
Summary: A direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) is an excellent energy device that converts methanol to energy with high efficiency. Commercial membranes for DMFCs are expensive and have high methanol permeability, but novel developments using cost-effective cellulose-based materials have improved performance. In this review, the advances and utilization of different cellulose materials as proton-exchange membranes (PEMs) for DMFCs are discussed, including cellulose derivatives and composites with inorganic additives.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Osung Kwon, Kwangjin Oh, JaeHyoung Park, Sam Park, Tae Gwan Lee, Byungrak Son
Summary: This study investigated the proton conductivity enhancement mechanism of Nafion-silica sulfuric acid (SSA) composite membranes using atomic force microscopy. It was found that among different weight percentages of SSA, 1 wt% SSA exhibited the highest proton conductivity and thermal properties, attributed to the separation of the hydrophilic ionic channel network and hydrophobic backbone in the microstructural morphology.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Tushar Kanti Maiti, Jitendra Singh, Subrata Kumar Maiti, Jagannath Majhi, Arihant Ahuja, Manjinder Singh, Anasuya Bandyopadhyay, Gaurav Manik, Sujay Chattopadhyay
Summary: In this study, the introduction of sulfonic acid functionalized graphene oxide (SGO) into Perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) membranes improved the glass transition temperature (Tg), mechanical properties, proton conductivity, and single-cell performance. The loading of SGO increased the Tg and modulus of PFSA composite membranes, leading to enhanced proton conductivity and fuel cell performance.
EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Anuj Kumar, Shumaila Ibraheem, Sajjad Ali, T. Maiyalagan, Muhammad Sufyan Javed, Ram K. Gupta, Ali Saad, Ghulam Yasin
Summary: Due to the hydrophobic nature of the fluorocarbon backbone, Nafion membranes are preferred for high H+ conductivity. However, they are limited by a higher price, pH splitting, and bio-fouling, leading researchers to search for better alternatives. Conducting polymers like polyaniline and polypyrrol can be used as electrolyte membranes for fuel cells, and their conductivity can be enhanced through doping techniques. This review provides a detailed discussion on these conducting polymers and their applications, particularly in composite membranes, and evaluates their effects on methanol crossover, H+-conductivity, gas diffusion, and thermal stability for practical DMFC applications.
SURFACES AND INTERFACES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Hyunseung Lee, Hongdae Seo, Seong Ku Kim, Insung Bae
Summary: The aligned nanostructure of perfluorinated polymer electrolytes, achieved through capillary force lithography, enables increased proton conductivity. A hierarchical structure is realized through soft lithography, allowing control over the structures of proton-transporting channels. The line-patterned membranes show enhanced proton conductivities, as confirmed by electrochemical impedance analysis. Moreover, an increased interfacial contact area improves the power generation efficiency of the membrane-electrode assembly in proton-exchange membrane fuel cells.
ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jingge Ju, Jiali Shi, Meng Wang, Liyuan Wang, Bowen Cheng, Xixi Yu, Yinghui Cai, Shuaishuai Wang, Libin Fang, Weimin Kang
Summary: A high-performance proton exchange membrane was prepared by incorporating an interconnected PMIA nanofiber@ZIF-8 network into Nafion solution, exhibiting excellent properties including high proton conductivity and low methanol permeability, with potential application in direct methanol fuel cells. The hybrid membrane's superior performance may be attributed to its interconnected structure, high specific surface area, and active chemical bonds of ZHNFs, which provide consecutive conduction paths for protons and enhance proton transfer efficiency.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Adnan Alashkar, Amani Al-Othman, Muhammad Tawalbeh, Muhammad Qasim
Summary: This paper provides a comprehensive review on the incorporation of ionic liquids (ILs) into polymer blends and their utilization as proton exchange membranes (PEM). It discusses various conventional polymers that incorporate ILs and presents the methods of synthesis of IL/polymer composite membranes. The paper concludes that the presence of certain ILs can increase the conductivity of the PEM and enhance the performance of PEMFCs, but highlights the challenges of leakage and limited long-term thermal and mechanical stability.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Fatima C. Teixeira, Ana de Sa, Antonio P. S. Teixeira, V. M. Ortiz-Martinez, A. Ortiz, I Ortiz, C. M. Rangel
Summary: The study focused on the development of new Nafion membranes by incorporating aryl- or azaheteroaromatic bisphosphonate compounds as dopants, resulting in enhanced proton conductivity properties compared to commercial Nafion membranes. These doped membranes showed improved performance in fuel cells at different temperatures, with a maximum power output of around 383 mW cm(-2) at 70 degrees C. The membranes also demonstrated potential advantages in restricting gas crossover, as indicated by higher open circuit potentials compared to Nafion membranes under the same conditions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Leticia Zanchet, Leticia G. da Trindade, Fernanda Trombetta, Andrieli D. Martins, Emilse M. A. Martini, Marcia R. Becker, Michele O. de Souza
Summary: Nafion/zeolite/ionic liquid composite membranes showed improved water absorption and proton conductivity compared to pure Nafion. The composite membrane containing 5 wt% IL demonstrated the highest stability and performance at 100 degrees C, with power density and current density approximately 200% higher than pure Nafion.
Article
Polymer Science
Ekaterina Yu. Safronova, Daria Yu. Voropaeva, Anna A. Lysova, Oleg V. Korchagin, Vera A. Bogdanovskaya, Andrey B. Yaroslavtsev
Summary: By changing the preparation and pretreatment conditions, the properties of Nafion membranes can be optimized. In this study, a Nafion-NMP membrane with higher conductivity and comparable hydrogen permeability was obtained by casting from a Nafion dispersion in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone. The increase in conductivity is attributed to the optimization of the Nafion-NMP microstructure, which improves the connectivity of the pores and channels system. This leads to an increased capacity of the membrane electrode assembly compared to a commercial Nafion (R) 212 membrane.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Shaoxiong Zhai, Zhongrui Lu, Yuna Ai, Xiaoyang Jia, Yumeng Yang, Xin Liu, Miao Tian, Xingming Bian, Jun Lin, Shaojian He
Summary: This study successfully improved the performance of proton exchange membranes under low humidity by synthesizing phospho-tungstic acid functionalized covalent organic framework nanohybrids, further advancing the development of PEM fuel cells.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Y. Prykhodko, K. Fatyeyeva, L. Hespel, S. Marais
Summary: Over 50% of energy is currently produced by burning non-renewable fossil fuels, leading to the release of greenhouse gases and environmental pollution. As a result, research on renewable energy sources, storage, and energy transformation devices has become increasingly important in recent years. Fuel cells, particularly proton exchange membrane fuel cells, are considered a promising energy device with ongoing developments in membrane technology.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Aiswarya K. Sidharthan, Shiny Joseph
Summary: A sustainable approach for synthesizing a sodium ion conducting cation exchange membrane was investigated in this study, addressing the issues of methanol permeability, ionic conductivity, and cost of the direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC). The use of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and sulfonated polyvinyl alcohol (SPVA)-montmorillonite clay (MMT) membranes in an alkaline medium improved the ionic conductivity and achieved a high peak power density in passive alkaline DMFC experiments.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Seung-Young Choi, Muhammad Mara Ikhsan, Kyeong Sik Jin, Dirk Henkensmeier
Summary: The physicochemical properties of PFSA polymers are closely related to their nanostructure, but the accurate morphology at the nanoscale is still controversial. This study focuses on the crystalline domain and ionic domain of two PFSA membranes using small-angle X-ray scattering. The hydration process significantly alters both domains, and the behavior depends on the side-chain length of the membranes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Liying Ma, Jing Li, Weiwei Cai, Kun Fan, Yao Jiang, Hansong Cheng
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2016)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Weiwei Cai, Jing Li, Yao Jiang, Changpeng Liu, Liang Ma, Wei Xing
JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2016)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yunfeng Zhang, Cuicui Li, Zehui Yang, Xupo Liu, Jiaming Dong, Yuan Liu, Weiwei Cai, Hansong Cheng
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2017)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zehui Yang, Weiwei Cai, Quan Zhang, Ying Ling, Xinxin Yu, Yunfeng Zhang
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2017)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Quan Zhang, Yunfeng Zhang, Weiwei Cai, Xinxin Yu, Ying Ling, Zehui Yang
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2017)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Quan Zhang, Xinxin Yu, Ying Ling, Weiwei Cai, Zehui Yang
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2017)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Quan Zhang, Ying Ling, Weiwei Cai, Xinxin Yu, Zehui Yang
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2017)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ying Ling, Xinxin Yu, Quan Zhang, Weiwei Cai, Fang Luo, Zehui Yang
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2017)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Guoxiao Xu, Jing Li, Liying Ma, Jie Xiong, Majid Mansoor, Weiwei Cai, Hansong Cheng
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
(2017)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jing Li, Jie Xiong, Liying Ma, Guoxiao Xu, Yao Jiang, Xingying Luo, Weiwei Cai
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Weiwei Cai, Xingying Luo, Yao Jiang, Zhao Liu, Jing Li, Liang Ma, Jie Xiong, Zehui Yang, Hansong Cheng
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2018)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Meiling Xiao, Jianbing Zhu, Liang Ma, Zhao Jin, Junjie Ge, Xin Deng, Yang Hou, Qinggang He, Jingkun Li, Qingying Jia, Sanjeev Mukerjee, Ruoou Yang, Zheng Jiang, Dangsheng Su, Changpeng Liu, Wei Xing
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jianbing Zhu, Meiling Xiao, Ping Song, Jing Fu, Zhao Jin, Liang Ma, Junjie Ge, Changpeng Liu, Zhongwei Chen, Wei Xing
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jiashun Liang, Na Li, Zhonglong Zhao, Liang Ma, Xiaoming Wang, Shenzhou Li, Xuan Liu, Tanyuan Wang, Yaping Du, Gang Lu, Jiantao Han, Yunhui Huang, Dong Su, Qing Li
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2019)