Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
FangMing Xiang, JianLin Sheng, Gang Li, JingJin Ma, XianZhe Wang, ChengLiang Jiang, ZhiJian Zhang
Summary: The research reveals that black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) vermicompost can promote the availability of nutrients in soil, the succession of microbial communities, and the optimization of biochemical functions, which is of great significance in the field of soil health.
APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Patrick Klueber, Dorothee Tegtmeier, Sabine Hurka, Janin Pfeiffer, Andreas Vilcinskas, Martin Ruehl, Holger Zorn
Summary: Insects, such as the larvae of the black soldier fly, offer a promising alternative source of protein to mitigate the environmental consequences of conventional livestock farming. This study evaluated the suitability of two byproducts from the palm oil industry as larval feed and examined their impact on the larval gut microbiome. The results showed that pretreating the feed with a specific fungus enhanced larval growth and weight gain, while also influencing the composition of the gut microbiome.
Article
Food Science & Technology
J. De Smet, D. Vandeweyer, L. Van Moll, D. Lachi, L. Van Campenhout
Summary: The black soldier fly is the most produced edible insect on an industrial scale, primarily used for animal feed production. Good hygiene and monitoring practices are essential in industrial production to prevent the introduction of foodborne pathogens via the larvae. More research is needed to assess the risk of pathogen introduction in industrial larvae production due to limited data availability.
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Ines Guerreiro, Carolina Castro, Claudia R. Serra, Filipe Coutinho, Ana Couto, Helena Peres, Pedro Pousao-Ferreira, Laura Gasco, Francesco Gai, Aires Oliva-Teles, Paula Enes
Summary: Insect meal is being considered as a sustainable alternative to fishmeal in fish diets. However, chitin, a component of insect meal, has been identified as a potential limitation for the inclusion of high levels of insect meal in aquafeeds. This study evaluated the effects of Hermetia illucens meal dietary inclusion on meagre liver and intestine oxidative status and found that chitin or insect lipid composition did not greatly affect meagre antioxidant status. Overall, Hermetia illucens meal can be included as up to 30% of the diet without compromising meagre antioxidant status.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
N. Matin, P. L. Utterback, C. M. Parsons
Summary: The study found that the availability of P in BSFL based on ileal P digestibility and total tract P retention values was high, while relative bioavailability values for P based on tibia ash were approximately 20 to 30 percentage units lower.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Askale Gebremichael, Balazs Kucska, Laszlo Ardo, Janka Biro, Maria Berki, Eva Lengyel-Konya, Rita Tomoskozi-Farkas, Robert Egessa, Tamas Mueller, Gergo Gyalog, Zsuzsanna J. Sandor
Summary: The study shows that replacing fish meal with black soldier fly does not negatively affect the production performance and metabolic response of African catfish growers, while replacing it with yellow mealworm may lead to growth reduction and health problems. The importance of a sustainable and cost-effective feed supply for African catfish farming is highlighted.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Andrea Fuso, Silvia Barbi, Laura Ioana Macavei, Anna Valentina Luparelli, Lara Maistrello, Monia Montorsi, Stefano Sforza, Augusta Caligiani
Summary: Insects, particularly the Black Soldier Fly, are increasingly important protein sources, with their protein and amino acid content varying based on the substrate they are reared on. The use of different substrates affects the protein content, with significant differences observed in the protein fraction based on the rearing substrate, particularly noticeable in autumnal and fruit by-products.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kelvin L. Hull, Matthew P. Greenwood, Melissa Lloyd, Aletta E. Bester-van Der Merwe, Clint Rhode
Summary: This study assessed the dynamics of the whole transcriptome during the early stages of domestication in the black soldier fly. The results showed that differential gene expression and functional adaptation occur due to domestication. Comparison between different generations and selection strategies revealed differentially expressed genes associated with metabolic, developmental, and defense response processes. These findings are important for understanding functional adaptation during domestication and informing future selective breeding strategies.
INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Z. Mikolajczak, M. Rawski, J. Mazurkiewicz, B. Kieronczyk, P. Kolodziejski, E. Pruszynska-Oszmalek, D. Jozefiak
Summary: Insect meals are considered promising feed materials in fish nutrition due to their sustainability. This study applied full-fat black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) meal in brown trout diets and demonstrated its environmental sustainability. The results showed that up to 20% of BSFL full-fat meal has high potential in brown trout diets.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
A. E. Mahmoud, P. C. H. Morel, M. A. Potter, V. Ravindran
Summary: The larvae of black soldier fly have the unique ability to recycle nutrients from organic wastes, making them a cheap and sustainable protein source for feeding fish, chickens, pigs, and pets. However, mass rearing of black soldier flies can attract pathogens and parasites. This paper reports the first case of an ectoparasite, the poultry red mite, in a black soldier fly colony, which has a negative impact on their production and health.
JOURNAL OF INSECTS AS FOOD AND FEED
(2023)
Article
Entomology
John Muinde, Chrysantus M. Tanga, John Olukuru, Clifford Odhiambo, Henri E. Z. Tonnang, Kennedy Senagi
Summary: In recent years, farming black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) has gained popularity due to its usefulness in animal feed production and waste management. However, current production levels do not meet market demand. This study used data science and machine learning modeling approaches to determine optimal rearing conditions for improved BSFL farming. The random forest regressor algorithm provided the best prediction results, highlighting key variables that contribute to the expected larvae weight. By tuning production system parameters according to the ranked variables, BSFL production can be optimized, contributing to alleviating food insecurity.
Review
Entomology
Indee Hopkins, Lisa P. Newman, Harsharn Gill, Jessica Danaher
Summary: The Black Soldier Fly provides a promising solution to combat environmental issues caused by food waste and to meet the increasing demand for protein. However, there are challenges in assessing the impact of food waste rearing substrates on the protein composition of BSF larvae.
Article
Fisheries
Anurak Khieokhajonkhet, Phusanisa Uanlam, Khanitta Ruttarattanamongkol, Niran Aeksiri, Pattaraporn Tatsapong, Gen Kaneko
Summary: Black soldier fly larvae meal (BSFLM) shows promise as a sustainable and high-protein animal feed ingredient in aquaculture. This study investigated the potential application of BSFLM in goldfish culture. The results showed that dietary inclusion of BSFLM improved growth performance, feed utilization, and blood biochemistries in goldfish, but had negative effects on carotenoid content, skin coloration, and liver histological integrity.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Tao Liu, Thomas Klammsteiner, Andrei Mikhailovich Dregulo, Vinay Kumar, Yuwen Zhou, Zengqiang Zhang, Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
Summary: This paper provides a comprehensive review of the potential of black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) for recycling organic waste from livestock farming. It discusses various aspects such as manure bioconversion, the application of BSFL in organic farming, and the process performance of biomolecule degradation. The review also explores the economic feasibility, lifecycle assessment, and circular bioeconomy of using BSFL in manure recycling, as well as future perspectives for its application.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Driely Kathriny Monteiro dos Santos, Odair Rodrigues de Freitas, Cesar Augusto Oishi, Flavio Augusto Leao da Fonseca, Giuliana Parisi, Ligia Uribe Goncalves
Summary: Adding full-fat black soldier fly larvae meal to the diet of tambaqui can improve fish growth compared to traditional feed. Full-fat black soldier fly larvae meal has lower production costs as it does not require fat extraction. It can be a leading ingredient to meet the emerging need for protein ingredients in the feed industry.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Claude Lambre, Jose Manuel Barat Baviera, Claudia Bolognesi, Pier Sandro Cocconcelli, Riccardo Crebelli, David Michael Gott, Konrad Grob, Evgenia Lampi, Marcel Mengelers, Alicja Mortensen, Gilles Riviere, Inger-Lise Steffensen, Christina Tlustos, Henk Van Loveren, Laurence Vernis, Holger Zorn, Joaquim Maia, Natalia Kovalkovicova, Simone Lunardi, Giulio di Piazza, Rita Ferreira de Sousa, Yi Liu, Andrew Chesson
Summary: The food enzyme is safe and can be used in four food manufacturing processes. Dietary exposure to the food enzyme was estimated to be up to 0.41mg/kg body weight per day. No allergenicity or genotoxicity concerns were identified. The food enzyme does not present safety concerns under the intended conditions of use.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Claude Lambre, Jose Manuel Barat Baviera, Claudia Bolognesi, Pier Sandro Cocconcelli, Riccardo Crebelli, David Michael Gott, Konrad Grob, Evgenia Lampi, Marcel Mengelers, Alicja Mortensen, Gilles Riviere, Inger-Lise Steffensen, Christina Tlustos, Henk Van Loveren, Laurence Vernis, Holger Zorn, Magdalena Andryszkiewicz, Yi Liu, Simone Lunardi, Elsa Nielsen, Karin Norby, Andrew Chesson
Summary: The food enzyme triacylglycerol lipase (EC 3.1.1.3), produced using a non-genetically modified strain AE-N of Rhizopus arrhizus by Amano Enzyme Inc., does not contain viable cells of the production organism. It is used in an immobilized form for modifying fats and oils through interesterification. The refinment process of the fats and oils removes residual total organic solids (TOS), thus dietary exposure was not calculated. Safety tests showed no genotoxicity concerns. Oral toxicity study in rats indicated a no observed adverse effect level of 1,806 mg TOS/kg body weight (bw) per day, the highest dose tested. Sequence similarity search did not find any matches with known allergens. The risk of allergic reactions from dietary exposure is considered low under the intended conditions of use. Based on the provided data, the Panel concluded that this food enzyme is safe for its intended conditions of use.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Vittorio Silano, Jose Manuel Barat Baviera, Claudia Bolognesi, Pier Sandro Cocconcelli, Riccardo Crebelli, David Michael Gott, Konrad Grob, Evgenia Lampi, Marcel Mengelers, Alicja Mortensen, Gilles Riviere, Inger-Lise Steffensen, Christina Tlustos, Henk Van Loveren, Laurence Vernis, Holger Zorn, Lieve Herman, Ana Gomes, Magdalena Andryszkiewicz, Natalia Kovalkovicova, Yi Liu, Andrew Chesson
Summary: The food enzyme triacylglycerol lipase, produced by Amano Enzyme Inc. using a non-genetically modified Aspergillus luchuensis strain, is intended for use in enzyme-modified dairy ingredients. Dietary exposure to the food enzyme was estimated to be up to 0.02 mg TOS/kg bw per day in European populations, with no safety concerns raised in genotoxicity tests. The Panel concluded that the food enzyme does not pose a safety concern under the intended conditions of use, although the risk of allergic reactions cannot be excluded but is considered to be low.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Fabio F. Brescia, Maximilian Koch, Raffael C. Wende, Peter R. Schreiner, Holger Zorn, Marco A. Fraatz
Summary: Among the aroma compounds formed by Cystostereum murrayi, highly potent bicyclic benzofuran derivatives are found. In addition to dill ethers, the fungus also produces two stereoisomers of a rare compound called dihydromenthofurolactones and a C3-unsaturated analogue. Analysis of reference standards allowed for the identification of the formed stereoisomers.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Svenja Sommer, Janine Laura Hoffmann, Marco Alexander Fraatz, Holger Zorn
Summary: Pomace from black currant juice production, rich in nutrients, is often discarded. However, the edible medicinal fungus Wolfiporia cocos can recycle these nutrients effectively. In this study, a beverage fermented with W. cocos using black currant pomace was produced, which was described by a trained panel as highly pleasant with a taste resembling honey, flowers, and berries. The fermentation process produced flavor compounds with concentrations exceeding their respective odor thresholds.
JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY-MYSORE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wendell Albuquerque, Parviz Ghezellou, Leif Seidel, Johannes Burkert, Frank Will, Ralf Schweiggert, Bernhard Spengler, Holger Zorn, Martin Gand
Summary: This study presents the first comprehensive identification of proteome content from a white wine (cv. Silvaner). By using mass spectrometry-based proteomics, the wine protein composition was identified through in-solution and in-gel digestion methods after size exclusion chromatographic fractionation. A total of 154 characterized or uncharacterized proteins mainly from Vitis vinifera L. and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were identified, providing valuable information for wine authentication and understanding of organoleptic properties and stability.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Claude Lambre, Jose Manuel Barat Baviera, Claudia Bolognesi, Pier Sandro Cocconcelli, Riccardo Crebelli, David Michael Gott, Konrad Grob, Evgenia Lampi, Marcel Mengelers, Alicja Mortensen, Gilles Riviere, Inger-Lise Steffensen, Christina Tlustos, Henk Van Loveren, Laurence Vernis, Holger Zorn, Jaime Aguilera, Magdalena Andryszkiewicz, Yi Liu, Andrew Chesson
Summary: The food enzyme is produced by non-genetically modified bacteria and does not contain viable cells of the production strain. It is used for the production of glucosyl hesperidin and ascorbic acid 2-glucoside. Due to the removal of residual organic solids, dietary exposure assessment is not necessary. A similarity search found one match with a respiratory allergen, indicating a low likelihood of allergic reactions. Based on the data provided, the food enzyme is considered safe under the intended conditions of use.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Claude Lambre, Jose Manuel Barat Baviera, Claudia Bolognesi, Pier Sandro Cocconcelli, Riccardo Crebelli, David Michael Gott, Konrad Grob, Evgenia Lampi, Marcel Mengelers, Alicja Mortensen, Gilles Riviere, Inger-Lise Steffensen, Christina Tlustos, Henk Van Loveren, Laurence Vernis, Holger Zorn, Boet Glandorf, Jaime Aguilera, Magdalena Andryszkiewicz, Natalia Kovalkovicova, Yi Liu, Giulio di Piazza, Rita de Ferreira de Sousa, Andrew Chesson
Summary: This article introduces the food enzyme glucan-1,4-alpha-glucosidase produced by Rhizopus delemar strain CU634-1775. It is used in six food manufacturing processes and does not raise safety concerns under intended conditions of use.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Claude Lambre, Jose Manuel Barat Baviera, Claudia Bolognesi, Andrew Chesson, Pier Sandro Cocconcelli, Riccardo Crebelli, David Michael Gott, Konrad Grob, Marcel Mengelers, Alicja Mortensen, Gilles Riviere, Inger-Lise Steffensen, Christina Tlustos, Henk Van Loveren, Laurence Vernis, Holger Zorn, Vincent Dudler, Maria Rosaria Milana, Constantine Papaspyrides, Maria de Fatima Tavares Pocas, Remigio Marano, Evgenia Lampi
Summary: The EFSA Panel assessed the safety of the recycling process Akmert Iplik that uses the Starlinger iV+ technology. The process involves washing and drying PET flakes from post-consumer PET containers, and critical steps include drying and crystallisation, extrusion and crystallisation, and solid-state polycondensation. The process was found to ensure that migration of unknown contaminants into food is below the migration limit of 0.1 μg/kg food.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Claude Lambre, Jose Manuel Barat Baviera, Claudia Bolognesi, Andrew Chesson, Pier Sandro Cocconcelli, Riccardo Crebelli, David Michael Gott, Konrad Grob, Marcel Mengelers, Alicja Mortensen, Gilles Riviere, Inger-Lise Steffensen, Christina Tlustos, Henk Van Loveren, Laurence Vernis, Holger Zorn, Vincent Dudler, Maria Rosaria Milana, Constantine Papaspyrides, Maria de Fatima Tavares Pocas, Remigio Marano, Evgenia Lampi
Summary: The EFSA Panel concluded that the recycling process of General Plastic using Starlinger iV+ technology is safe for contact with all types of food, including drinking water. The process involves washing and drying PET flakes from post-consumer containers, followed by drying and crystallization, extrusion and crystallization, and solid-state polycondensation. By controlling the critical steps, the process ensures that migration of potential unknown contaminants into food is below 0.1 μg/kg. Recycled PET obtained from this process does not pose a safety concern.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Claude Lambre, Jose Manuel Barat Baviera, Claudia Bolognesi, Pier Sandro Cocconcelli, Riccardo Crebelli, David Michael Gott, Konrad Grob, Evgenia Lampi, Marcel Mengelers, Alicja Mortensen, Gilles Riviere, Inger-Lise Steffensen, Christina Tlustos, Henk Van Loveren, Laurence Vernis, Holger Zorn, Magdalena Andryszkiewicz, Natalia Kovalkovicova, Yi Liu, Giulio di Piazza, Rita Ferreira de Sousa, Andrew Chesson
Summary: The food enzyme lysozyme produced by Bioseutica B.V. is used in brewing, cheese production, and wine production. The estimated dietary exposure to the food enzyme-total organic solids (TOS) is lower than the intake from eggs for all population groups. However, residual amounts of lysozyme in treated beers, cheese and cheese products, and wine may trigger adverse allergenic reactions in susceptible individuals. Overall, the food enzyme lysozyme does not pose safety concerns under the intended conditions of use, except for known allergic reactions in susceptible individuals.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Claude Lambre, Claude lambre, Jose Manuel Barat Baviera, Claudia Bolognesi, Andrew Chesson, Pier Sandro Cocconcelli, Riccardo Crebelli, David Michael Gott, Konrad Grob, Marcel Mengelers, Alicja Mortensen, Gilles Riviere, Inger-Lise Steffensen, Christina Tlustos, Henk Van Loveren, Laurence Vernis, Holger Zorn, Vincent Dudler, Maria Rosaria Milana, Constantine Papaspyrides, Maria de Fatima Pocas, Emmanouil Tsochatzis, Evgenia Lampi
Summary: The EFSA Panel on Food Contact Materials, Enzymes and Processing Aids (CEP) assessed the safety of the recycling process Renovapet (EU register number RECYC271) using VACUNITE technology. The process utilizes hot caustic washed and dried PET flakes from post-consumer containers, with maximum 5% PET from non-food consumer applications. The Panel concluded that the recycled PET obtained from this process is not of safety concern for contact with all types of foodstuffs, including drinking water, when used at up to 100% for long-term storage.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Claude Lambre, Jose Manuel Barat Baviera, Claudia Bolognesi, Pier Sandro Cocconcelli, Riccardo Crebelli, David Michael Gott, Konrad Grob, Evgenia Lampi, Marcel Mengelers, Alicja Mortensen, Gilles Riviere, Inger-Lise Steffensen, Christina Tlustos, Henk Van Loveren, Laurence Vernis, Holger Zorn, Lieve Herman, Magdalena Andryszkiewicz, Ana Gomes, Yi Liu, Giulio di Piazza, Andrew Chesson
Summary: This article describes a food enzyme called beta-fructofuranosidase, produced by the non-genetically modified yeast strain INV by DSM Food Specialties B.V. It is used in various food manufacturing processes and the estimated dietary exposure in European populations is considered safe. The enzyme was searched for similarity to known allergens and a match with a tomato allergen was found. Although the risk of allergic reactions cannot be excluded, it is expected to be low due to the low prevalence of tomato allergy. Based on the data provided, the panel concluded that this food enzyme does not raise safety concerns.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Claude Lambre, Jose Manuel Barat Baviera, Claudia Bolognesi, Pier Sandro Cocconcelli, Riccardo Crebelli, David Michael Gott, Konrad Grob, Evgenia Lampi, Marcel Mengelers, Alicja Mortensen, Gilles Riviere, Inger-Lise Steffensen, Christina Tlustos, Henk Van Loveren, Laurence Vernis, Holger Zorn, Lieve Herman, Yrjo Roos, Magdalena Andryszkiewicz, Yi Liu, Simone Lunardi, Elsa Nielsen, Karin Norby, Andrew Chesson
Summary: The food enzyme contains a strain of bacteria that may cause opportunistic infections in humans, although it can be avoided through genetic modification. The enzyme is used in baking and yeast processing, with a daily intake of about 1.75 mg/kg body weight. Toxicity and genotoxicity tests showed no safety concerns, but due to the presence of viable cells in the enzyme, it cannot be considered safe.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Claude Lambre, Jose Manuel Barat Baviera, Claudia Bolognesi, Andrew Chesson, Pier Sandro Cocconcelli, Riccardo Crebelli, David Michael Gott, Konrad Grob, Marcel Mengelers, Alicja Mortensen, Gilles Riviere, Inger-Lise Steffensen, Christina Tlustos, Henk Van Loveren, Laurence Vernis, Holger Zorn, Vincent Dudler, Maria Rosaria Milana, Constantine Papaspyrides, Maria de Fatima Tavares Pocas, Marcello Laganaro, Alexandros Lioupis, Evgenia Lampi
Summary: The European Food Safety Authority has assessed the safety of the PETecoflex recycling process and concluded that the obtained recycled PET does not raise safety concerns when used for manufacturing materials and articles in contact with food.