期刊
MICROORGANISMS
卷 9, 期 11, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9112378
关键词
microbial food web; experimental manipulations; trophic interactions; seasonal changes; Arctic Ocean; bacterial community structure; microbial resilience; phytoplankton-bacteria association
类别
资金
- RESEARCH COUNCIL of NORWAY - Norwegian Research Council [225956]
- Carbon Bridge [226415]
- RESEARCH COUNCIL of NORWAY within the Nansen Legacy [276730]
- RESEARCH COUNCIL of NORWAY within HAVOC project [280292]
- RESEARCH COUNCIL of NORWAY via the project MIXsTRUCT [280414]
Seasonal changes in the Arctic lead to substantial differences in marine bacterial communities between winter and summer, influenced by both external factors such as light availability and internal biological interactions. Manipulating the microbial food web through size fractionation revealed interactions between mutualistic phytoplankton and bacteria, as well as substrate-dependent phytoplankton and Flavobacteria, impacting the community composition during different phases of the annual cycle.
In the Arctic, seasonal changes are substantial, and as a result, the marine bacterial community composition and functions differ greatly between the dark winter and light-intensive summer. While light availability is, overall, the external driver of the seasonal changes, several internal biological interactions structure the bacterial community during shorter timescales. These include specific phytoplankton-bacteria associations, viral infections and other top-down controls. Here, we uncover these microbial interactions and their effects on the bacterial community composition during a full annual cycle by manipulating the microbial food web using size fractionation. The most profound community changes were detected during the spring, with 'mutualistic phytoplankton'-Gammaproteobacteria interactions dominating in the pre-bloom phase and 'substrate-dependent phytoplankton'-Flavobacteria interactions during blooming conditions. Bacterivores had an overall limited effect on the bacterial community composition most of the year. However, in the late summer, grazing was the main factor shaping the community composition and transferring carbon to higher trophic levels. Identifying these small-scale interactions improves our understanding of the Arctic marine microbial food web and its dynamics.
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