期刊
ANTIOXIDANTS
卷 10, 期 10, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/antiox10101611
关键词
black garlic nanoemulsion; organosulfur compounds; phenolic acids and flavonoids; Morris water maze test; systolic blood pressure; rats
资金
- Ministry of Science and Technology Taiwan [106-2622-B-030-001-CC2]
Organosulfur compounds, phenolic acids, and flavonoids in black garlic can lower blood pressure and improve learning/memory ability in rats through various mechanisms; among them, black garlic nanoemulsion and extract showed better effects than lisinopril in reducing blood pressure and improving cognitive function.
Organosulfur compounds, phenolic acids and flavonoids in raw and black garlic were determined, and followed by preparation of black garlic nanoemulsion for studying their effects on deoxycorticosterone acetate-salt-induced hypertension and associated mild cognitive impairment in rats. Three organosulfur compounds, including diallyl sulfide (87.8 mu g/g), diallyl disulfide (203.9 mu g/g) and diallyl trisulfide (282.6 mu g/g) were detected in black garlic by GC-MS, while gallic acid (19.19 mu g/g), p-coumaric acid (27.03 mu g/g) and quercetin (22.77 mu g/g) were detected by UPLC-MS/MS. High doses of both black garlic extract and nanoemulsion prepared using Tween-80, glycerol, grapeseed oil and water could decrease systolic blood pressure through the elevation of bradykinin and nitric oxide levels as well as diminish aldosterone and angiotensin II levels in rats. In Morris water maze test, they could significantly decrease escape latency and swimming distance and increase the time spent in the target quadrant, accompanied by a decline of acetylcholinesterase activity and malondialdehyde level in the hippocampus as well as a rise in glutathione level and activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase. In addition, the levels of tumor necrosis factor, interleukin-6 and interleukin-1 beta were reduced. Effects of lowering blood pressure and improving learning/memory ability in rats followed the order: lisinopril > black garlic nanoemulsion > black garlic extract.
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