Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Enzo M. Vingolo, Lorenzo Casillo, Laura Contento, Francesca Toja, Antonio Florido
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the relationship between circulating free radicals in blood and cystoid macular edema (CME) in Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP) patients. The results showed a significant increase in free oxygen radicals levels in RP patients with CME, suggesting that oxidative stress may accelerate cone cell damage.
Review
Neurosciences
Daniel P. Cardinali, Arturo Garay
Summary: Dream-enactment behavior during REM sleep without muscle atonia is called REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD), a parasomnia. RBD serves as a prodromal marker of a-synucleinopathies and is one of the best biomarkers to predict diseases such as Parkinson's, multiple system atrophy, and Lewy body dementia. RBD patients have a prolonged prodromal time, making them suitable candidates for neuroprotection trials. Melatonin, administered at low doses, is commonly used to treat RBD symptoms, and it may also act as a cytoprotector at higher doses to halt a-synucleinopathy progression. However, the therapeutic efficacy of melatonin in preventing a-synucleinopathies needs further investigation through multicenter double-blind trials.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alonso Sanchez-Cruz, Andrea C. Mendez, Ignacio Lizasoain, Pedro de la Villa, Enrique J. de la Rosa, Catalina Hernandez-Sanchez
Summary: The research indicates that TLR2 plays a key role in the progression of retinitis pigmentosa (RP). Complete elimination of Tlr2 can help alleviate the loss of visual function and mitigate the loss of photoreceptor cell numbers in RP.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Shuhui Jia, Xuantong Guo, Zuxin Chen, Shupeng Li, Xin-an Liu
Summary: Given the devastating social and health consequences of drug addiction and the limitations of current treatments, a new strategy involving correcting abnormal circadian rhythms and improving sleep quality may be beneficial in the treatment of drug addiction. Melatonin, a circadian hormone with various neuroprotective and pharmacological effects, has shown potential as an intervention for substance use disorders. This review discusses the roles of melatonin at different levels and its potential applications in drug addiction.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biology
Ryoji Amamoto, Grace K. Wallick, Constance L. Cepko
Summary: Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP) is a progressive visual disorder caused by mutations in genes. Research has found that retinoic acid (RA) signaling is crucial for the survival of peripheral cones in the retina, providing a potential strategy for preserving cone-mediated vision.
Article
Cell Biology
Alonso Sanchez-Cruz, Maria D. Hernandez-Fuentes, Cayetana Murillo-Gomez, Enrique J. de la Rosa, Catalina Hernandez-Sanchez
Summary: Insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) has proteolytic and non-proteolytic functions in the mammalian retina. IDE levels are downregulated in mouse models of retinitis pigmentosa, but treatment with an IDE activator can delay loss of visual function and preserve photoreceptor cells.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Natalia Martinez-Gil, Oksana Kutsyr, Agustina Noailles, Laura Fernandez-Sanchez, Lorena Vidal, Xavier Sanchez-Saez, Carla Sanchez-Castillo, Pedro Lax, Nicolas Cuenca, Antonio G. Garcia, Victoria Maneu
Summary: P2X7R and P2X4R play important roles in retinal diseases and their expression increases during disease progression.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Momoka Kuroda, Yoshiko Suetsugu, Sachiko Iwata, Masahiro Kinoshita, Fumie Fujita, Yoko Sato, Shinji Saitoh, Osuke Iwata, Seiichi Morokuma
Summary: This study aimed to analyze the influence of mothers' nighttime responses on the sleep-wake rhythm of their 1-month-old infants. Findings showed that immediately picking up 1-month-old infants may result in longer daytime sleep compared to nighttime sleep, possibly due to the stimulating effects of picking up the infant on sleep-wake rhythm formation.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Eunsoo Moon, Paola Lavin, Kai-Florian Storch, Outi Linnaranta
Summary: Antipsychotics may affect healthy circadian rhythms, decreasing cortisol, melatonin, and body temperature amplitudes. Longitudinal real-time monitoring of specific circadian markers is necessary to determine the optimal timing for administering antipsychotics.
PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Melissa A. St Hilaire, Maria L. Amundadottir, Shadab A. Rahman, Shantha M. W. Rajaratnam, Melanie Ruger, George C. Brainard, Charles A. Czeisler, Marilyne Andersen, Joshua J. Gooley, Steven W. Lockley
Summary: This study investigates the contributions of different wavelengths of monochromatic light to human melatonin suppression and circadian resetting responses. The results show that, initially, short-wavelength (S) cones and long- and medium-wavelength (L+M) cones have a significant contribution, while the contribution of melanopsin-containing intrinsically-photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) becomes dominant over time. The first few minutes of light exposure play a crucial role in the phase resetting response.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Shihui Liu, Toshihiko Matsuo, Mary Miyaji, Osamu Hosoya
Summary: This study demonstrates that NK-4 injection reduces apoptotic cells and increases outer nuclear layer thickness in the retina of RCS rats. RNA-seq analysis and RT-qPCR validation revealed several up-regulated genes, suggesting the anti-apoptotic effects of NK-4 may be related to specific pathways.
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Sohair A. Eltony, Heba S. Mohaseb, Amel A. Ahmed, Manal M. Sayed
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effect of metformin on the retina of the ENU-induced rat model of RP. The results showed that metformin could reduce retinal degeneration and improve the morphology of glia and blood capillaries. This suggests that metformin has a neuroprotective effect on the retina.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Mei-li Wei, Shi-min He, An-qi Chen, Zi-xuan Fan, Wei Liu, Ling Zhang, Shi-jie Lv, Cheng-zeng Qiu, Hui-ru Liu, Mu-xian Hao, Zong-jun Yin, Da-long Ren
Summary: This study investigated the effects of FLX on circadian rhythm using zebrafish as a model. The results showed that FLX treatment led to down-regulation of clock genes expression, reduction in amplitude and phase shift of circadian rhythms, as well as inhibition of melatonin secretion. These findings provide valuable insights into the impact of FLX exposure on circadian rhythm and locomotor activity, and may have implications for its clinical application.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Miranda L. Scalabrino, Mishek Thapa, Lindsey A. Chew, Esther Zhang, Jason Xu, Alapakkam P. Sampath, Jeannie Chen, Greg D. Field
Summary: The impact of progressive rod death on cone-mediated signaling remains unclear. Using a mouse model, researchers found that despite deterioration in cone morphology, the cone-mediated signaling among RGCs remained relatively stable throughout disease progression, until almost all rods had died and cones had completely lost outer segments.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kenkichi Baba, Varunika Goyal, Gianluca Tosini
Summary: The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is a layer of cells in the outer retina that plays a crucial role in maintaining visual function. Studies have shown that the RPE's phagocytic activity peaks in a circadian rhythm, controlled by factors such as melatonin and dopamine. However, the loss of this peak does not lead to deterioration of photoreceptors or the RPE.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Ophthalmology
Oksana Kutsyr, Agustina Noailles, Natalia Martinez-Gil, Lucia Maestre-Carballa, Manuel Martinez-Garcia, Laura Fernandez-Sanchez, Victoria Maneu, Nicolas Cuenca, Pedro Lax
ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Ophthalmology
Henar Albertos-Arranz, Xavier Sanchez-Saez, Natalia Martinez-Gil, Agustina Noailles Gil, Ramon Calvo Andres, Clara Monferrer Adsuara, Lidia Remoli Sargues, Javier Montero Hernandez, Nicolas Cuenca
ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Diana Soriano Pina, Elvira Orduna-Hospital, Carmen Lopez-de-la-Fuente
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the VF test using different prismatic power combinations and determine the best prismatic power. The results showed that VF increased with age, and 3BI/12BO (increment) provided the best results in both near and far vision.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OPTOMETRY
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Jee-Young Lee, Antonio Martin-Bastida, Ane Murueta-Goyena, Inigo Gabilondo, Nicolas Cuenca, Paola Piccini, Beomseok Jeon
Summary: This review highlights the importance of in vivo imaging biomarkers for early diagnosis and monitoring of Parkinson disease (PD). By combining various imaging techniques such as PET, single-photon emission CT, MRI, and retinal optical coherence tomography (OCT), the early diagnosis and management of PD can be aided.
NATURE REVIEWS NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Victoria Maneu, Pedro Lax, Nicolas Cuenca
NEURAL REGENERATION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Guisela Fernandez-Espinosa, Ana Boned-Murillo, Elvira Orduna-Hospital, Maria Dolores Diaz-Barreda, Ana Sanchez-Cano, Sofia Bielsa-Alonso, Javier Acha, Isabel Pinilla
Summary: This study evaluated retinal vascularization in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and moderate diabetic retinopathy using optical tomography angiography. The results showed a decrease in vascular density and an increase in foveal avascular zone area, with significant correlations to disease duration and age.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ana Boned-Murillo, Henar Albertos-Arranz, Maria Dolores Diaz-Barreda, Elvira Orduna-Hospital, Ana Sanchez-Cano, Antonio Ferreras, Nicolas Cuenca, Isabel Pinilla
Summary: Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is an essential tool for the diagnosis and control of diabetic patients, allowing visualization and analysis of the retinal and choroidal microvasculature, and the detection of diabetic retinopathy and other related diseases.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Guisela Fernandez-Espinosa, Elvira Orduna-Hospital, Ana Boned-Murillo, Maria Dolores Diaz-Barreda, Ana Sanchez-Cano, Maria Sopena-Pinilla, Isabel Pinilla
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the choroidal thickness in patients with moderate diabetic retinopathy and its correlation with retinal thickness compared to healthy subjects. The results showed that retinal thickness was higher in certain areas in the diabetic group, but choroidal thickness did not differ between the groups. Additionally, age was found to have an impact on retinal thickness and choroidal thickness.
Article
Ophthalmology
Elvira Orduna-Hospital, Rafael Navarro, Ebrahim Safarian Baloujeh, Ana Sanchez-Cano
Summary: The study aimed to assess the optical and motor changes associated with near vision reading on electronic screens under different controlled lighting conditions. Results showed that there were more saccadic eye movements at minimum luminance compared to maximum luminance, and statistically significant differences were found between iPad and e-ink reader. The length of saccades was higher at minimum luminance, and blinking rate increased significantly under lower lighting conditions.
JOURNAL OF EYE MOVEMENT RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ana Sanchez-Cano, Elvira Orduna-Hospital, Guisela Fernandez-Espinosa, Justiniano Aporta
Summary: This study aims to simplify a method to calculate circadian light reaching the retina based on photopic illuminance and the optical density of an aging crystalline lens. Calculations were performed with D65 and A standard illuminants, showing how the spectral power distribution is modified by the optical density of the lens. Selective wavelength absorptions of the aged lens lead to significant variations in the level of daylight equivalent melanopic illuminance in the retina. The results of this study will allow researchers to optimize lighting designs considering the optical density of an aging lens from both photometric and circadian perspectives.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Henar Albertos-Arranz, Natalia Martinez-Gil, Xavier Sanchez-Saez, Agustina Noailles, Clara Monferrer Adsuara, Lidia Remoli Sargues, Juan J. Perez-Santonja, Pedro Lax, Ramon Calvo Andres, Nicolas Cuenca
Summary: This study aimed to determine whether COVID-19 affected retinal cells and establish correlations with clinical parameters. Immunostaining and confocal microscopy analysis revealed that Muller cells in COVID-19 patients showed stronger expression of ACE2 and CRALBP, and the retinas exhibited glial activation and neuronal alterations, mainly related to inflammation, hypoxic conditions, and age.
Article
Biology
Elvira Orduna-Hospital, Aitana Navarro-Marques, Carmen Lopez-de-la-Fuente, Ana Sanchez-Cano
Summary: The purpose of this study was to evaluate ocular motility in normal young adults using an infrared eye-tracker during the Developmental Eye Movement (DEM) test. The results showed that specific parameters of ocular motility were related to each subtest of the DEM test. The eye-tracker is an objective method to evaluate the DEM test, providing measurements and quantification of ocular motility parameters that are not possible with the traditional subjective method.
Article
Biology
Elvira Orduna-Hospital, Luz Maurain-Orera, Carmen Lopez-de-la-Fuente, Ana Sanchez-Cano
Summary: This study objectively measured the eye movement and gaze direction of control subjects performing the HLST using an eye tracker. The results were compared with the traditional subjective HLST performance. It was found that the eye tracker provided more accurate results compared to the traditional method, especially in detecting vertical deviations.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ana Boned-Murillo, Guisela Fernandez-Espinosa, Elvira Orduna-Hospital, Maria Dolores Diaz-Barreda, Ana Sanchez-Cano, Maria Sopena-Pinilla, Sofia Bielsa-Alonso, Isabel Pinilla
Summary: This study analyzes the retinal thickness and sensitivity in DM2 patients and correlates the results with blood lipid levels and MAIA measurements, providing an accurate method for assessing moderate DR in DM2 patients. Thinning of GCL+ and GCL++ may support ganglion cell loss before RNFL damage.
Article
Biology
Elvira Orduna-Hospital, Maria Munarriz-Escribano, Ana Sanchez-Cano
Summary: This study objectively evaluated visual discomfort after a 21-min reading session on an iPad and an Ebook using an eye tracker and aberrometer. The results showed no significant differences in eye movements and retinal thickness between the two devices, but variations were observed in post-reading situations depending on the device used.