期刊
VACCINES
卷 9, 期 10, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9101100
关键词
COVID-19; vaccine hesitancy; Health Belief Model; Theory of Planned Behavior
资金
- NHLBI RF [50087-2021-0309-S9, 20-312-0217571-66102L]
- Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas [RP160097]
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center [P30 CA125123]
This study identified individual-level determinants of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) and Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). Factors such as employment status, marital status, income level, perceived susceptibility to COVID-19, convenience of vaccination, and importance of cues to action from government, public health, and healthcare experts were found to influence vaccine hesitancy. Strategies based on these factors may help overcome vaccine hesitancy and improve COVID-19 vaccine uptake.
This study sought to identify individual-level determinants of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) and Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). An online population-based survey was distributed in English and Spanish. Data were derived from 1208 U.S. adults (52% female; 38.7% minorities), 43.5% of whom reported vaccine hesitancy. Multivariable analysis revealed that unemployed individuals were more likely (OR = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.16-2.73, p = 0.009) and married (OR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.39-0.81, p = 0.002) and higher income individuals (OR = 0.52, 95% CI 0.32-0.84, p = 0.008) were less likely to be hesitant. Individuals with greater perceived susceptibility to COVID-19 (OR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.71-0.94, p = 0.006), who perceived vaccination as being convenient (OR = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.74-1.00, p = 0.047), and who afforded greater importance to cues to action from government (OR = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.74-0.95, p = 0.005), public health (OR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.59-0.82, p < 0.001), and healthcare experts (OR = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.50-0.69, p < 0.001) were also less likely to be hesitant. Findings suggest that HBM and TPB constructs may be useful in informing strategies to improve COVID-19 vaccine uptake. Specifically, framing appeals based on perceptions of COVID-19 susceptibility, making vaccination convenient, and rebuilding trust through unified cues to action may help to overcome vaccine hesitancy.
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