Article
Statistics & Probability
Mingyue Du, Jianguo Sun
Summary: Variable selection for interval-censored failure time data has recently gained significant attention in both method developments and practical applications. Interval-censored data, where the failure time is only known to lie within an interval, are common in various fields and more research is needed in this relatively new but important topic.
INTERNATIONAL STATISTICAL REVIEW
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Mateusz Krzyzinski, Mikolaj Spytek, Hubert Baniecki, Przemyslaw Biecek
Summary: Machine and deep learning survival models have comparable or better prediction capabilities for time-to-event compared to classical statistical learning methods, but they are too complex for human interpretation. This paper introduces SurvSHAP(t), the first time-dependent explanation method for interpreting survival black-box models, based on SHapley Additive exPlanations with solid theoretical foundations. The proposed method aims to improve precision diagnostics and support decision-making by domain experts.
KNOWLEDGE-BASED SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Business
David Rodeiro-Pazos, Sara Fernandez-Lopez, Maria Jesus Rodriguez-Gulias, Adrian Dios-Vicente
Summary: This study examines the survival mechanism of university research technology transfer organizations (USOs), finding a positive relationship between firm size and USO survival. It also reveals differences in survival determinants between micro USOs and small/medium-sized USOs.
TECHNOLOGICAL FORECASTING AND SOCIAL CHANGE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aritro Nath, Adam L. Cohen, Andrea H. Bild
Summary: We developed an endocrine therapy prognostic model for early and advanced ER+ breast cancers. The model was extensively validated in multiple clinical trial datasets and demonstrated superior performance compared to clinical covariates, proliferation markers, and other published models.
MOLECULAR SYSTEMS BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Ya-nan Zhang, Zhan-yi Wang, Peng-bo Liu, Cheng-jie Wang
Summary: This study investigated the effects of cattle and sheep grazing on root growth in a temperate desert steppe community using the minirhizotron method. The results showed that mixed cattle and sheep grazing significantly reduced root lifespan and quantity, and changed the patterns of plant carbon contribution in the community, leading to an increase in soil organic carbon content.
ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Bartlomiej Barczynski, Karolina Fraszczak, Artur Wnorowski, Jan Kotarski
Summary: Endometrial cancer is a leading cause of female genital tract malignancies, and our study assesses the influence of clinicopathological features on overall survival. We found that menopause status and related characteristics strongly correlate with patients' survival. Further research is needed to improve personalized care for cancer patients.
Article
Biology
Zhongyue Zhang, Hua Chai, Yi Wang, Zixiang Pan, Yuedong Yang
Summary: In this study, it is pointed out that the Cox network has estimation bias when dealing with high-dimensional datasets. To address this issue, the Deep Bayesian Perturbation Cox Network (DBP) is proposed, which uses Bayesian prior knowledge to optimize the training process of the neural network. The comparison with previous models and simulation experiments demonstrate that the DBP method improves the prediction performance and can guide the discovery of disease-related genes.
COMPUTERS IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Eric S. Kawaguchi, Gang Li, Juan Pablo Lewinger, W. James Gauderman
Summary: Individuals with different genetic profiles may have different clinical outcomes when exposed to the environment. We propose a powerful two-step hypothesis testing framework to identify gene-environment interactions in a genome-wide interaction scan.
STATISTICS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Pavlos Msaouel, Paula Jimenez-Fonseca, Bora Lim, Alberto Carmona-Bayonas, Giancarlo Agnelli
Summary: From the perspective of practicing clinicians, we recount the legacy of Sir David Roxbee Cox (15 July 1924 - 18 January 2022) and acknowledge his pioneering work in developing the logistic and Cox proportional hazard regression models, which revolutionized the analysis and interpretation of categorical and time-to-event survival outcomes in modern medicine. This legacy serves as an inspiration for those who follow in Sir David Cox's footsteps.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Patricia Scott, Shuo Wang, Guillaume Onyeaghala, Nathan Pankratz, Timothy Starr, Anna E. Prizment
Summary: The study found that reduced CFTR expression is associated with increased mortality in colorectal cancer patients. This suggests that CFTR may serve as a potential biomarker for prognosis and that individuals with low CFTR expression may benefit from more aggressive treatment. Furthermore, molecular therapies targeting CFTR activity developed for cystic fibrosis may also be applicable for colorectal cancer patients with low CFTR expression.
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Kin Yau Wong, Qingning Zhou, Tao Hu
Summary: This study applies a semiparametric regression model and a sieve maximum likelihood approach to estimate the incubation period distribution based on symptom onset time, travel history, and basic demographics, taking into account the pandemic growth and selection bias in data collection. Extensive simulation studies and an application to COVID-19 outbreak data demonstrate the feasibility and advantages of the proposed methods.
LIFETIME DATA ANALYSIS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Jyoti Sehjal, Linda D. Sharples, Ruth H. Keogh, Kate Walker, Andreas Prachalias, Nigel Heaton, Tommy Ivanics, Jan van der Meulen, David Wallace
Summary: This study reveals time-varying differences in the hazard of all-cause mortality after liver transplantation between hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recipients and non-HCC recipients. It also provides evidence that some HCC patients have extra-hepatic spread at the time of transplantation, which has implications for post-transplant surveillance protocols.
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Sarah F. McGough, Devin Incerti, Svetlana Lyalina, Ryan Copping, Balasubramanian Narasimhan, Robert Tibshirani
Summary: The prevalence of high-dimensional data in the medical field has led to challenges in statistical modeling, particularly when dealing with left-truncated survival data. Feature selection or penalized methods are often used to address overfitting issues, highlighting the importance of adjusting for left truncation in survival modeling.
STATISTICS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Statistics & Probability
Sonia Ahmad, Muhammad Aslam, Shakeel Ahmad
Summary: In this article, the Liu estimator for the Cox proportional hazards (PH) model is presented. It is an extension of the ridge estimator and is used as an alternative to the maximum partial likelihood estimator (MPLE) in the presence of multicollinearity. The performance of the proposed estimator is compared with other available estimators through Monte Carlo simulations, and a numerical example is provided for illustration.
COMMUNICATIONS IN STATISTICS-SIMULATION AND COMPUTATION
(2023)
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Qingning Zhou, Jianwen Cai, Haibo Zhou
Summary: Interval-censored failure time data often have limited information due to interval censoring, making cost-effective sampling designs desirable to improve study power. This study focuses on formulating the case-cohort design with multiple interval-censored disease outcomes and proposes a weighted likelihood approach to handle the unknown baseline functions and account for sampling bias.
STATISTICS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Sergios Gatidis, Turkay Kart, Marc Fischer, Stefan Winzeck, Ben Glocker, Wenjia Bai, Robin Buelow, Carina Emmel, Lena Friedrich, Hans-Ulrich Kauczor, Thomas Keil, Thomas Kroencke, Philipp Mayer, Thoralf Niendorf, Annette Peters, Tobias Pischon, Benedikt M. Schaarschmidt, Boerge Schmidt, Matthias B. Schulze, Lale Umutle, Henry Voelzke, Thomas Kuestner, Fabian Bamberg, Bernhard Schoelkopf, Daniel Rueckert
Summary: This study demonstrates how MRI data from the UK Biobank (UKBB) and German National Cohort (NAKO) can be jointly analyzed to derive comprehensive quantitative image-based phenotypes across the general adult population. The researchers extracted image-derived features of abdominal organs from T1-weighted Dixon MRI data and used causal discovery and batch effect correction methods to harmonize data from UKBB and NAKO. They performed quantile regression on the harmonized data, providing quantitative models for the variation of image-derived features stratified by sex and dependent on age, height, and weight.
INVESTIGATIVE RADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Kwok Leung Ong, Matti Marklund, Liping Huang, Kerry-Anne Rye, Nicholas Hui, Xiong-Fei Pan, Casey M. Rebholz, Hyunju Kim, Lyn M. Steffen, Anniek C. van Westing, Johanna M. Geleijnse, Ellen K. Hoogeveen, Yun-Yu Chen, Kuo-Liong Chien, Amanda M. Fretts, Rozenn N. Lemaitre, Fumiaki Imamura, Nita G. Forouhi, Nicholas J. Wareham, Anna Birukov, Susanne Jaeger, Olga Kuxhaus, Matthias B. Schulze, Vanessa Derenji de Mello, Jaakko Tuomilehto, Matti Uusitupa, Jaana Lindstroem, Nathan Tintle, William S. Harris, Keisuke Yamasaki, Yoichiro Hirakawa, Toshiharu Ninomiya, Toshiko Tanaka, Luigi Ferrucci, Stefania Bandinelli, Jyrki KVirtanen, Ari Voutilainen, Tharusha Jayasena, Anbupalam Thalamuthu, Anne Poljak, Sonia Bustamante, Perminder S. Sachdev, Mackenzie KSennII, Stephen S. Rich, Michael Y. Tsai, Alexis C. Wood, Markku Laakso, Maria Lankinen, Xiaowei Yang, Liang Sun, Huaixing Li, Xu Lin, Christoph Nowak, Johan aernloev, Ulf Riserus, Lars Lind, Melanie Le Goff, Cecilia Samieri, Catherine Helmer, Frank Qian, Renata Micha, Adrienne Tin, Anna Koettgen, Ian H. de Boer, David S. Siscovick, Dariush Mozaffarian, Jason H. Y. Wu
Summary: This study conducted a pooled analysis of 19 studies and found that higher levels of seafood-derived omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) were associated with a lower risk of incident chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, no association was found for plant-derived n-3 PUFAs. These results highlight the beneficial role of seafood-derived n-3 PUFAs in preventing CKD.
BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Mengya Shi, Siyu Han, Kristin Klier, Gisela Fobo, Corinna Montrone, Shixiang Yu, Makoto Harada, Ann-Kristin Henning, Nele Friedrich, Martin Bahls, Marcus Doerr, Matthias Nauck, Henry Voelzke, Georg Homuth, Hans J. Grabe, Cornelia Prehn, Jerzy Adamski, Karsten Suhre, Wolfgang Rathmann, Andreas Ruepp, Johannes Hertel, Annette Peters, Rui Wang-Sattler
Summary: This research aimed to identify candidate metabolite biomarkers of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) and its associated risk factors. The study identified 56 specific metabolites related to MetS, with 13 of them being positively associated and 43 being negatively associated. The majority of these metabolites were associated with low HDL-C and hypertension. Additionally, one lipid metabolite, lysoPC a C18:2, was negatively associated with MetS and its five components. The study also revealed impaired metabolism of branched-chain and aromatic amino acids, as well as accelerated Glycine catabolism through metabolic networks.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Anna-Maria Lampousi, Sofia Carlsson, Josefin E. Lofvenborg, Natalia Cabrera-Castro, Maria-Dolores Chirlaque, Guy Fagherazzi, Paul W. Franks, Christiane S. Hampe, Paula Jakszyn, Albert Koulman, Cecilie Kyro, Conchi Moreno-Iribas, Peter M. Nilsson, Salvatore Panico, Keren Papier, Yvonne T. van der Schouw, Matthias B. Schulze, Elisabete Weiderpass, Raul Zamora-Ros, Nita G. Forouhi, Stephen J. Sharp, Olov Rolandsson, Nicholas J. Wareham
Summary: The study found that decreased levels of circulating odd-chain fatty acids (OCFA), particularly 17:0, were associated with an increased incidence of adult-onset diabetes in both GAD65Ab-positive and GAD65Ab-negative individuals. Additionally, the combination of low 17:0 and high GAD65Ab positivity significantly increased the risk of diabetes.
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Marcela Prada, Matthias Schulze
Summary: Specific lipid classes can serve as biomarkers to evaluate the impact of diet and lipid metabolism on the development of type 2 diabetes.
DIABETOLOGIE UND STOFFWECHSEL
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Klaus Abraham, Katharina Penczynski, Bernhard H. Monien, Nick Bergau, Sven Knueppel, Cornelia Weikert
Summary: This study compared the concentration of a specific metabolite in the urine of vegans and omnivores, and found that the difference disappeared when adjusted for creatinine. However, after adjusting for creatinine, the concentration in omnivores was found to be 26% lower than in vegans. This may be due to the consumption of meat and fish as exogenous sources of creatinine.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Maria Schwarz, Caroline E. Meyer, Alina Loeser, Kristina Lossow, Julian Hackler, Christiane Ott, Susanne Jaeger, Isabelle Mohr, Ella A. Eklund, Angana A. H. Patel, Nadia Gul, Samantha Alvarez, Ilayda Altinonder, Clotilde Wiel, Maria Maares, Hajo Haase, Anetta Haertlova, Tilman Grune, Matthias B. Schulze, Tanja Schwerdtle, Uta Merle, Hans Zischka, Volkan I. Sayin, Lutz Schomburg, Anna P. Kipp
Summary: Selenium homeostasis depends on hepatic biosynthesis of selenoprotein P and its transport from the liver, while copper levels affect the release and transport of selenoprotein P, potentially impacting selenium transport to peripheral organs.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Christopher A. Bishop, Tina Machate, Janin Henkel, Matthias B. Schulze, Susanne Klaus, Karolin Piepelow
Summary: Epidemiological studies have shown that the intake of dairy products increases levels of odd-chain fatty acids (OCFA) in humans, particularly C17:0, which is associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes. However, feeding mice with high-fat diets supplemented with milk fat or C17:0 did not improve lipid accumulation and insulin resistance in the liver. In fact, milk fat intake worsened liver inflammation. Treatment of primary hepatocytes with C15:0 and C17:0 suppressed JAK2/STAT3 signaling, but only C15:0 enhanced insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of AKT. Therefore, milk fat and C17:0 may not provide health benefits, while C15:0 shows promise for further studies.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Thierno D. Diallo, Susanne Rospleszcz, Jana Fabian, Sven S. Walter, Elke Maurer, Corinna Storz, Frank Roemer, Wolfgang Rathmann, Annette Peters, Pia M. Jungmann, Matthias Jung, Fabian Bamberg, Lena S. Kiefer
Summary: This study evaluated the different associations of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based paravertebral myosteatosis with lumbar disc degeneration in individuals with impaired glucose metabolism and normoglycaemic controls. The results showed a significant positive association between paravertebral myosteatosis and intervertebral disc degeneration in individuals with impaired glucose metabolism. No significant associations were found in the normoglycaemic controls. These findings emphasize the potential link between skeletal muscle and spinal-related diseases.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2023)
Correction
Nutrition & Dietetics
Inge Huybrechts, Fernanda Rauber, Genevieve Nicolas, Corinne Casagrande, Nathalie Kliemann, Roland Wedekind, Carine Biessy, Augustin Scalbert, Mathilde Touvier, Krasimira Aleksandrova, Paula Jakszyn, Guri Skeie, Rashmita Bajracharya, Jolanda M. A. Boer, Yan Borne, Veronique Chajes, Christina C. Dahm, Lucia Dansero, Marcela Guevara, Alicia K. Heath, Daniel B. Ibsen, Keren Papier, Verena Katzke, Cecilie Kyro, Giovanna Masala, Esther Molina-Montes, Oliver J. K. Robinson, Carmen Santiuste de Pablos, Matthias B. Schulze, Vittorio Simeon, Emily Sonestedt, Anne Tjonneland, Rosario Tumino, Yvonne T. van der Schouw, W. M. Monique Verschuren, Beatrice Vozar, Anna Winkvist, Marc J. Gunter, Carlos A. Monteiro, Christopher Millett, Renata Bertazzi Levy
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Katharina Nimptsch, Krasimira Aleksandrova, Thu Thi Pham, Nikos Papadimitriou, Juergen Janke, Sofia Christakoudi, Alicia Heath, Anja Olsen, Anne Tjonneland, Matthias B. Schulze, Verena Katzke, Rudolf Kaaks, Bethany van Guelpen, Justin Harbs, Domenico Palli, Alessandra Macciotta, Fabrizio Pasanisi, Sandra Milena Colorado Yohar, Marcela Guevara, Pilar Amiano, Sara Grioni, Paula Gabriela Jakszyn, Jane C. Figueiredo, N. Jewel Samadder, Christopher I. Li, Victor Moreno, John D. Potter, Robert E. Schoen, Caroline Y. Um, Elisabete Weiderpass, Mazda Jenab, Marc J. Gunter, Tobias Pischon
Summary: The study suggests that circulating FABP-4 may not have a causal role in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC), although a positive association was observed in women through a cis-MR approach.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Carlota Castro-Espin, Catalina Bonet, Marta Crous-Bou, Nuria Nadal-Zaragoza, Anne Tjonneland, Lene Mellemkjaer, Mariem Hajji-Louati, Therese Truong, Verena Katzke, Charlotte Le Cornet, Matthias B. Schulze, Franziska Jannasch, Giovanna Masala, Sabina Sieri, Salvatore Panico, Chiara Di Girolamo, Guri Skeie, Kristin Benjaminsen Borch, Karina Standahl Olsen, Maria-Jose Sanchez, Pilar Amiano, Maria-Dolores Chirlaque, Marcela Guevara, Malin Sund, Stina Boden, Marc J. Gunter, Esther M. Gonzalez-Gil, Elisabete Weiderpass, Inmaculada Aguilera-Buenosvinos, Kostas K. Tsilidis, Alicia K. Heath, Dagfinn Aune, Laure Dossus, Antonio Agudo
Summary: A study of 13,270 incident breast cancer cases found that adherence to a Mediterranean diet prior to diagnosis is associated with lower overall and breast cancer-specific mortality.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Maximilian Schwarz, Alexandra Schneider, Josef Cyrys, Susanne Bastian, Susanne Breitner, Annette Peters
Summary: This study examined the short-term associations between ultrafine particles (UFP) and cause-specific hospital admissions in Leipzig, Dresden, and Augsburg, Germany. The results showed clear associations between PM2.5 and (cardio-)respiratory hospital admissions, while UFP and PNC did not show a clear association. Further multi-center studies are needed to draw definite conclusions on the health effects of UFP.
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Wenli Ni, Nikolaos Nikolaou, Cavin K. Ward-Caviness, Susanne Breitner, Kathrin Wolf, Siqi Zhang, Rory Wilson, Melanie Waldenberger, Annette Peters, Alexandra Schneider
Summary: Climate change poses a serious threat to human health worldwide, while aging populations increase. However, no study has ever investigated the effects of air temperature on epigenetic age acceleration. This study involved participants from two population-based studies in Germany and found that medium- and long-term exposures to high air temperature are associated with increases in epigenetic age acceleration. Overall, this study highlights the importance of considering climate change and temperature in relation to human health.
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Laure Bosquillon de Jarcy, Bengisu Akbil, Baxolele Mhlekude, Johanna Leyens, Dylan Postmus, Greta Harnisch, Jenny Jansen, Marie L. Schmidt, Annette Aigner, Fabian Pott, Robert Lorenz Chua, Lilian Krist, Roberta Gentile, Barbara Muehlemann, Terence C. Jones, Daniela Niemeyer, Julia Fricke, Thomas Keil, Tobias Pischon, Juergen Janke, Christian Conrad, Stefano Iacobelli, Christian Drosten, Victor M. Corman, Markus Ralser, Roland Eils, Florian Kurth, Leif Sander, Christine Goffinet
Summary: The expression levels of 90K/LGALS3BP protein were found to be elevated in COVID-19 patients. The SARS-CoV-2 infection inhibited the levels of PBMC-associated 90K protein, suggesting increased release into the extracellular space. Monocyte-specific induction of LGALS3BP mRNA expression was also observed in COVID-19 patients.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2023)
