Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Vidyacharan Gopaluni Venkata, Theodore Rex Orth, Wenyang Pan, Amirhossein Amini, G. M. Homsy, Tianshu Liu
Summary: A new wetting mechanism, electro-elastic wetting, and methods for manipulating droplets using this mechanism are proposed and demonstrated. The system consists of a droplet of dielectric liquid, an elastic and conductive membrane as its shell, and an electrode-dielectric composite as its substrate. The droplet's equilibrium shape is determined by the tension of the membrane and electrostatic attraction, and its contact angle follows a modified Young-Lipmann Equation. Through manipulating the spatial distribution of electrical force, it is possible to transport the droplet in a controlled direction and actively change its shape, topography, and position.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Fangwei Han, Yue Zhao, Mei Liu, Fuhong Hu, Yingying Peng, Liang Ma
Summary: This study investigates the impact process of AEO solution droplets on hot coal surface using a high-speed camera, and the dynamic wetting behavior is evaluated using a dimensionless spreading coefficient. The results show that AEO solution can effectively enhance the spreading of droplets on coal surface below the critical micelle concentration, but higher polymerization degree inhibits this process.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Alex Brodsky, David Z. Yankelevsky, Oded Rabinovitch
Summary: The paper presents an experimental investigation on the behavior of two identical large-scale masonry infill walls subjected to different shear deformations, revealing fundamentally different behaviors in terms of cracking patterns and load-bearing mechanisms. The study highlights the significant impact of the orthotropic properties of the masonry infill wall on load-displacement behavior.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Mechanics
Tongwei Zhang, Jie Wu, Xingjian Lin
Summary: This study investigates the dynamic mechanisms and factors influencing the lateral motion of a solid when impacted by a water droplet on a movable hydrophobic substrate. The experimental results reveal the rules governing the solid's motion and demonstrate the possibility of achieving periodic reciprocating motion under suitable conditions.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Tongwei Zhang, Jie Wu, Xingjian Lin
Summary: In this study, numerical simulations and theoretical analyses were conducted to investigate the dynamic behaviors of droplets impacting on a wettability-patterned surface. The results showed that arc-shaped hydrophilic patterns are more suitable for droplet lateral motion. The study established general rules between patterns and droplet lateral motion, and proposed design principles for hydrophilic patterns.
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Wenbin Li, Meng Xu, Ying Zhang, Jie Lei, Zhihao Li, Yichen Huang, Yuan Tian
Summary: This study simulated the pileup process of vertical columns by successive droplets using the Front Tracking Method and investigated the effects of heat accumulation on structure and surface quality. By establishing shape parameters and calculating ideal bonding states, the study analyzed the impact of superheat and Weber numbers on surface quality of ideal structures.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yikai Li, Ming Zhu, Ziming Yang, Chenghan Sun, Dongfang Wang, Haiyan Chen, Zhongjie Shi, Gaoran Wei
Summary: This paper investigates the impact of fuel droplets on the piston surface in direct injection diesel engines, which greatly affects the combustion process and emission generation. The dynamic behaviors of droplets impacting on a vertically vibrating plate were experimentally explored to mimic the interaction between droplets and vibrating engine body. The results reveal that the maximum spread time of the inner lamella remains relatively stable, while the overall spreading time depends on the growth time of the rim. The fluctuation range of the growth time of the rim increases with vibrating frequency and decreases with impacting height.
EXPERIMENTAL THERMAL AND FLUID SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Ngoc Phuong Uyen Mai, Po-Yu Chen
Summary: This study demonstrates the anisotropic transport of water droplets on designed groove patterns with specific angles. By revealing the mechanism of water movement, this research provides a potential approach to manipulate and apply anisotropic wetting in various fields.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ahmed Aldhaleai, Peichun Amy Tsai
Summary: The study investigates the evaporation dynamics of water droplets with different surfactant concentrations, showing that low-C-S droplets follow an evaporative cooling model while high-C-S droplets correspond to a pure vapor-diffusive model. The critical C-S delineating these two models is correlated with saturated surfactant adsorption on liquid-solid and liquid-vapor interfaces.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Seyed Mohamad Mirmoazen, Seyed Hamid Lajevardi, Seyed Mohammad Mirhosseini, Meghdad Payan, Reza Jamshidi Chenari
Summary: In this study, the lateral earth pressure on geosynthetic-reinforced retaining walls with an anisotropic granular backfill under strip footing loadings is evaluated using a combination of limit analysis theory, second order cone programming, and finite element method. It was found that the inherent anisotropy of the soil increases the coefficient of active earth pressure on the retaining structures.
COMPUTERS AND GEOTECHNICS
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Tatheer Zahra, Julian Thamboo, Mohammad Asad, Mengli Song
Summary: Reinforced masonry (RM) walls with grout embedded vertical steel reinforcements are commonly used in cyclonic and seismic regions. This research evaluates the effectiveness of lateral restrainers on the axial compression resistance of RM walls. Experimental results indicate that grout significantly enhances the axial capacity, while lateral restrainer detailing has no significant effect on steel strain development or overall strength.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Pouya Lotfi Rad, Charles Clifton, James Lim, Iman Hajirasouliha
Summary: Cold-formed steel (CFS) construction has several advantages over traditional construction, but there are still gaps in our understanding of its seismic behavior. This experimental program investigates the performance of CFS walls under vertical and horizontal loading through full-scale tests, and proposes modified detailing to enhance their seismic behavior.
THIN-WALLED STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Jae Sung Yang, June Kee Min, Choongmo Yang, Keeyoung Jung
Summary: Numerical case studies were conducted to investigate natural convection in triangular and hexagonal enclosures, following a previous study on natural convection in a baffled cylinder in a square enclosure. Different length ratios and Rayleigh numbers were considered, and the Boussinesq approximation was used to model buoyancy force. The heat transfer performance showed conduction- and convection-dominated regimes, with the triangular enclosure exhibiting advantages in convection due to its wider space. The hexagonal enclosure had a higher conduction-dominated characteristic due to the shorter distance between the cylinder and enclosure. The location of the high-energy vortex was found to correlate with the Nusselt number distribution, leading to the proposal of an improved average Nusselt number correlation for triangular, square, and hexagonal enclosures.
CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Miyuki Koiso
Summary: This paper investigates a variational problem for hypersurfaces in a wedge in the Euclidean space, where the total energy of each hypersurface is the sum of its anisotropic surface energy and the wetting energy. The anisotropic surface energy is a generalization of the surface area and is used to model the surface tension of a small crystal. The paper provides a new result by showing the existence and uniqueness of local minimizers among hypersurfaces enclosing the same volume, even in the special case where the surface energy is the surface area.
MATHEMATICS IN ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Liwu Jiang, Jinju Liu, Tongjing Liu, Daoyong Yang
Summary: The study formulated, validated, and applied theoretical models to evaluate production decline performance of a fractured vertical well with reorientated fractures in an anisotropic formation with an arbitrary shape using the boundary element method. The effects of orientated fractures on production decline curves were examined, showing that fracture conductivity plays a dominant role in early production rate.
JOURNAL OF PETROLEUM SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2022)