Article
Geography, Physical
Xiaolong Zhang, Baiqing Xu, Ying Xie, Jiule Li, Yanan Li
Summary: Satellite observations show that Himalayan glaciers have been losing mass at an accelerated rate since the mid-1970s, which poses challenges to downstream water resources, ecological functioning, and glacial hazard prevention. This study reconstructs a continuous record of Qiangyong Glacier's activity on the southern Tibetan Plateau since the Little Ice Age (1316-2004 CE) and reveals that the glacier was relatively stable during this period but has experienced accelerated mass loss since the mid-1880s, primarily driven by climate warming rather than decreased precipitation. This glaciolacustrine record provides a continuous perspective on the variability and mass loss status of Himalayan glaciers.
QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Jonathan L. Carrivick, Clare M. Boston, Jenna L. Sutherland, Danni Pearce, Hugo Armstrong, Anders Bjork, Kristian K. Kjeldsen, Jakob Abermann, Rachel P. Oien, Michael Grimes, William H. M. James, Mark W. Smith
Summary: Glaciers and ice caps (GICs) in Greenland have experienced significant fragmentation and mass loss since the Little Ice Age (LIA) termination in 1900. The number of glaciers has increased from 5327 to 5467, with at least 587 km(3) of ice lost from the ablation areas. The long-term mean mass balance has been estimated to be negative, and the rate of mass loss has increased threefold between 2000 and 2019. The spatial variability in glacier changes highlights the complex challenges in understanding regional and local factors affecting glacier evolution.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Geography, Physical
Jonathan L. Carrivick, Liss M. Andreassen, Atle Nesje, Jacob C. Yde
Summary: This study reconstructed the maximum extent and ice volume of Jostedalsbreen during the Little Ice Age and found that the major outlet glaciers in the area have experienced significant loss since that time. The study highlights the significance of geomorphological-based reconstructions for understanding long-term glacier responses to climate and meltwater production.
QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Geography, Physical
Nico Molg, Christian Huggel, Thilo Herold, Florian Storck, Simon Allen, Wilfried Haeberli, Yvonne Schaub, Daniel Odermatt
Summary: The study tracks the evolution of 1192 lakes formed in the deglaciated area since the end of the Little Ice Age over a period of nearly 170 years, noting the majority of lakes are small in size and the fluctuation in numbers at different time periods. Additionally, it was found that approximately 40% of the modeled overdeepened areas eventually became covered by lakes, indicating that incorporating morphological criteria helps in determining the probability of lake formation.
EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Karina Hansen, Martin Truffer, Andy Aschwanden, Kenneth Mankoff, Michael Bevis, Angelika Humbert, Michiel R. van den Broeke, Brice Noel, Anders Bjork, William Colgan, Kurt H. Kjaer, Surendra Adhikari, Valentina Barletta, Shfaqat A. Khan
Summary: This study introduces a novel method for estimating dynamic ice loss of Greenland's three largest outlet glaciers. It reveals a time lag between glacier speedup/slowdown and dynamic thinning/thickening, with the ability to predict speedup/slowdown up to 10.4 months in advance for Jakobshavn Isbr AE. The methodology and results could be important for understanding short-term dynamic fluctuations of outlet glaciers in Greenland.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Geography, Physical
Jonathan L. Carrivick, Mark W. Smith, Jenna L. Sutherland, Michael Grimes
Summary: This study investigates the response of land-terminating glaciers in Greenland to climate change. The research finds that there has been minimal change in the rate of volume loss of the glaciers since the Little Ice Age. However, the percentage of each glacier composed of cold-based ice has increased by around 20%. These findings indicate a transition towards a colder thermal regime despite a warming regional climate.
EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yuhui Liu, Zhiling Li
Summary: Comparison of the stalagmite growth rate between the Little Ice Age and the present reveals a higher flooding frequency in the middle Yangtze River catchment during the late Little Ice Age compared to the mid-Little Ice Age and early 20th century. The discrepancy between stalagmite growth rate variance and flooding frequency after the 1920s suggests a possible increase in modern flooding scale. Spectral power analysis indicates a relationship between flooding cycles in the middle Yangtze River catchment and El Nino/Southern Oscillation, with a link between strong ENSO and high flooding frequency.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Manish Mehta, Vinit Kumar, Siddhi Garg, Aparna Shukla
Summary: The study of the Pensilungpa Glacier in the Zanskar Himalaya reveals a trend of retreat influenced by temperature increase and decreased precipitation, leading to a negative mass balance. Debris-cover has a significant impact on the glacier's mass balance and terminus retreat. The slower retreat rate of the glacier compared to others in the area suggests that terrain characteristics play a role in controlling glacier dynamics.
REGIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE
(2021)
Article
Geography, Physical
J. P. Brooks, L. J. Larocca, Y. L. Axford
Summary: Alpine glaciers in southernmost Greenland provide valuable indicators of past climate. This study reconstructs the extents of 42 land-terminating paleoglaciers and calculates their equilibrium-line altitudes (ELAs) during the Little Ice Age (LIA). It finds that ELAs have risen since the LIA, corresponding to a summer temperature change of 1.1°C, assuming no change in precipitation. The study also reveals the loss of glacier area and length since the LIA, with no clear geographic patterns. The findings emphasize the need for regional-scale glacier reconstruction to understand past climate change.
QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Geography, Physical
Nestor Campos, Jesus Alcala-Reygosa, Scott C. Watson, Ioannis Kougkoulos, Adolfo Quesada-Roman, Nelson Grima
Summary: The Aneto Glacier, the largest in the Pyrenees, has significantly retreated since the Little Ice Age. Various parameters such as length, area, volume, and ice thickness have decreased, while the Equilibrium Line Altitude has risen. The retreat of the glacier has accelerated especially since the 1980s and even more so since the year 2000.
Article
Ecology
Will Kochtitzky, Luke Copland, Trudy Wohlleben, Pilipoosie Iqaluk, Catherine Girard, Warwick F. Vincent, Alexander I. Culley
Summary: This study presents the first field and remote sensing observations of Thores Glacier in northern Ellesmere Island, Canada. The glacier is slow-moving and has shown little change in terminus position since at least 1959. The supraglacial drainage network is poorly developed, with no evidence of water reaching the glacier bed. If the glacier thins or retreats sufficiently, regional drainage will reverse and Thores Lake would no longer exist.
Article
Oceanography
D. G. Babb, R. J. Galley, S. Kirillov, J. C. Landy, S. E. L. Howell, J. C. Stroeve, W. Meier, J. K. Ehn, D. G. Barber
Summary: The loss of multiyear sea ice in the Arctic Ocean has occurred primarily through two stepwise reductions: in 1989 and in 2006-2008. The first reduction was due to high export of multiyear ice, while the second reduction was a result of both high export and melt, as well as limited replenishment of multiyear ice. Although currently stable, reduced retention of older multiyear ice has led to a younger and thinner multiyear ice pack, potentially setting the stage for another reduction.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ankur Dixit, Sandeep Sahany, Anil Kulkarni
Summary: The study found through simulations that the glacier area and volume in the Beas basin have shown a significant declining trend in recent decades. Future projections suggest severe glacier loss under both RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios, with temperature and precipitation having a significant impact on the glacier melting process.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Geography, Physical
Jakub Malecki
Summary: Small land-terminating mountain glaciers in the Arctic play a significant role in local hydrology, microclimate, and ecology. However, due to climate warming, these glaciers may melt away in the coming decades. The study reveals that while most glaciers are thinning, there are also instances of glacier thickening.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mingming Zhang, Zhaojun Bu, Hongkai Li, Shasha Liu, Jie Chen, Yaxin Cui
Summary: The study reconstructed hydrological dynamics over the past 700 years in Northeast Asia using samples from the Hani peatland in the Changbai Mountains, revealing wetter conditions from 1300-1700 AD, dry conditions from 1700-1850 AD, and wet conditions from 1850-2018 AD. The driving mechanisms for these hydrological variations were identified as La Nina-like conditions, volcanic aerosol effects, and El Nino-like conditions. The results suggest that solar activity and sunspot cycles may control the hydrological dynamics in Northeast Asia on a decadal-centennial scale.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
M. Geertsema, B. Menounos, G. Bullard, J. L. Carrivick, J. J. Clague, C. Dai, D. Donati, G. Ekstrom, J. M. Jackson, P. Lynett, M. Pichierri, A. Pon, D. H. Shugar, D. Stead, J. Del Bel Belluz, P. Friele, I Giesbrecht, D. Heathfield, T. Millard, S. Nasonova, A. J. Schaeffer, B. C. Ward, D. Blaney, E. Blaney, C. Brillon, C. Bunn, W. Floyd, B. Higman, K. E. Hughes, W. McInnes, K. Mukherjee, M. A. Sharp
Summary: This article describes and models the recent landslide, tsunami, outburst flood, and sediment plume in the southern Coast Mountains of British Columbia, Canada. The use of physically based models allows for real-time simulations, improving understanding of similar hazard cascades and the associated risks.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Geography, Physical
Bethan Davies, Jacob Bendle, Jonathan Carrivick, Robert McNabb, Christopher McNeil, Mauri Pelto, Seth Campbell, Tom Holt, Jeremy Ely, Bradley Markle
Summary: Mountain glaciers and ice caps are losing significant amounts of ice globally, with Alaska contributing greatly to sea-level rise. This study focuses on Alaskan plateau icefields and their vulnerability to climate change. The researchers conducted an inventory of glaciers and lakes in the Juneau Icefield region, finding that 63 glaciers disappeared since 2005, with a 10.0% reduction in glacier area. The study also presents the first structural glaciological and geomorphological map of an entire icefield in Alaska, showing widespread glacier disconnections and continuous recession since the Little Ice Age. The findings highlight the importance of considering glacier disconnections when evaluating icefield vulnerability to climate change.
EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS
(2022)
Article
Geography, Physical
Jonathan L. Carrivick, Jenna L. Sutherland, Matthias Huss, Heather Purdie, Christopher D. Stringer, Michael Grimes, William H. M. James, Andrew M. Lorrey
Summary: This study provides an overview of glacier ice loss in the Southern Alps of New Zealand, analyzes ice marginal lake development, predicts the future position and size of lakes using modeled glacier ice thickness, and utilizes a glacier evolution model to estimate the timing and rate of future lake formation. The findings highlight the relationship between glacier mass balance and lake growth, and project an increase in ice-marginal lakes in size followed by a decrease as glaciers disconnect from them. The results have implications for glacier evolution models, landscape evolution studies, and future water resources and quality.
GLOBAL AND PLANETARY CHANGE
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Ethan Lee, Neil Ross, Andrew C. G. Henderson, Andrew J. Russell, Stewart S. R. Jamieson, Derek Fabel
Summary: Characterizing glaciological change in the tropical Andes is crucial for understanding climate change. The discovery of extensive glaciation in the low-elevation region of Laguna de Las Huaringas in northern Peru provides evidence of past climate patterns in the sub-tropics and sheds light on glacier dynamics and responses to global climate perturbations.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jamal Hassan Ougahi, Mark E. J. Cutler, Simon J. Cook
Summary: This study investigates the impact of climate change on vegetation productivity dynamics and the hydrological cycle in the Upper Jhelum River Basin (UJRB) in Pakistan. The results show an overall increase in vegetation productivity, with exceptions in herbaceous vegetation. Spring temperatures have significantly increased, while summer temperatures have decreased. The findings suggest that minimum temperature has a positive effect on vegetation productivity. The increase in vegetation productivity, along with temperature, may have contributed to the reduction in spring river flow through increased evapotranspiration.
Correction
Ecology
Lee E. Brown, Kieran Khamis, Martin Wilkes, Phillip Blaen, John E. E. Brittain, Jonathan L. L. Carrivick, Sarah Fell, Nikolai Friberg, Leopold Fureder, Gisli M. M. Gislason, Sarah Hainie, David M. M. Hannah, William H. M. James, Valeria Lencioni, Jon S. Olafsson, Christopher T. Robinson, Svein J. Saltveit, Craig Thompson, Alexander M. Milner
NATURE ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Geography, Physical
Jonathan L. Carrivick, Mark W. Smith, Jenna L. Sutherland, Michael Grimes
Summary: This study investigates the response of land-terminating glaciers in Greenland to climate change. The research finds that there has been minimal change in the rate of volume loss of the glaciers since the Little Ice Age. However, the percentage of each glacier composed of cold-based ice has increased by around 20%. These findings indicate a transition towards a colder thermal regime despite a warming regional climate.
EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Jonathan L. Carrivick, Clare M. Boston, Jenna L. Sutherland, Danni Pearce, Hugo Armstrong, Anders Bjork, Kristian K. Kjeldsen, Jakob Abermann, Rachel P. Oien, Michael Grimes, William H. M. James, Mark W. Smith
Summary: Glaciers and ice caps (GICs) in Greenland have experienced significant fragmentation and mass loss since the Little Ice Age (LIA) termination in 1900. The number of glaciers has increased from 5327 to 5467, with at least 587 km(3) of ice lost from the ablation areas. The long-term mean mass balance has been estimated to be negative, and the rate of mass loss has increased threefold between 2000 and 2019. The spatial variability in glacier changes highlights the complex challenges in understanding regional and local factors affecting glacier evolution.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yong Nie, Qian Deng, Hamish D. Pritchard, Jonathan L. Carrivick, Farooq Ahmed, Christian Huggel, Lijun Liu, Wen Wang, Muchu Lesi, Jida Wang, Huayu Zhang, Bo Zhang, Qiyuan Lu, Yili Zhang
Article
Ecology
M. A. Wilkes, J. L. Carrivick, E. Castella, C. Ilg, S. Cauvy-Fraunie, S. C. Fell, L. Fureder, M. Huss, W. James, V. Lencioni, C. Robinson, L. E. Brown
Summary: The biodiversity of alpine rivers around the world is threatened by glacier retreat caused by rapid warming. This study combines glacier projections, hydrological routing methods, and species distribution models to evaluate the changing influence of glaciers on the distribution of alpine river invertebrate species in the European Alps from 2020 to 2100. The research predicts a steady decrease in glacial influence on rivers, leading to distribution shifts of species and the potential extinction of cold-water specialists in areas where glaciers disappear completely.
NATURE ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Geology
Matthew J. Westoby, Stuart A. Dunning, Jonathan L. Carrivick, Thomas J. Coulthard, Kalachand Sain, Amit Kumar, Etienne Berthier, Umesh K. Haritashya, David E. Shean, Mohd. Farooq Azam, Kavita Upadhyay, Michele Koppes, Harley R. McCourt, Dan H. Shugar
Summary: We reconstructed the short-term geomorphological response of river channels directly affected by the ice-rock avalanche-debris flow in Chamoli district, Uttarakhand, India using satellite remote sensing, numerical modeling, and field observations. The flow deposited a significant amount of sediment and required complete fluvial re-establishment. In the post-event period, a large portion of the deposit volume was removed by river flows, resulting in potential disruptions to water quality and downstream hydropower projects.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Gernot Seier, Jakob Abermann, Liss M. Andreassen, Jonathan L. Carrivick, Pal H. Kielland, Karina Loeffler, Atle Nesje, Benjamin A. Robson, Torgeir O. Rothe, Thomas Scheiber, Stefan Winkler, Jacob C. Yde
Summary: This study investigates the degradation of the southeast-facing outlet glacier Austerdalsbreen in Jostedalsbreen, Norway, and analyzes the formation and expansion of a glacial lake. The results show that the glacial lake has experienced significant expansion in recent years, potentially contributing to glacier changes.
LAND DEGRADATION & DEVELOPMENT
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Geological
S. T. McColl, S. J. Cook
Summary: Size is a fundamental property of landslides, but there is currently no widely adopted size classification system applicable to all landslide types. To improve landslide science communication, a proposed size classification scheme suitable for all landslide types is presented, which uses a logarithmic scale of size classes and includes six size descriptors.
Article
Geography, Physical
Mads Domgaard, Kristian K. Kjeldsen, Flora Huiban, Jonathan L. Carrivick, Shfaqat A. Khan, Anders A. Bjork
Summary: Glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs) from ice-dammed lakes in Greenland have significant impacts on local ice dynamics, geomorphological changes, and flooding hazards. This study reconstructed the volume changes of 14 GLOFs between 2007 and 2021 at Russell Glacier in West Greenland using high-resolution digital elevation models and aerial surveys. The results provide one of the most comprehensive and longest records of ice-dammed lake drainages in Greenland to date. The study also highlights the thinning of the local ice dam and the potential changes in drainage routes and volumes.
Article
Geography, Physical
Liss M. Andreassen, Benjamin A. Robson, Kamilla H. Sjursen, Hallgeir Elvehoy, Bjarne Kjollmoen, Jonathan L. Carrivick
Summary: The Jostedalsbreen ice cap, Europe's largest ice cap, has significant implications for global sea-level rise and local water management, hydropower, and tourism. This study reveals a decreasing trend in the ice cap area, with a reduction of 8.4% over the past few decades. Variability in glacial mass balance is also observed across different glaciers.
ANNALS OF GLACIOLOGY
(2023)