期刊
NUTRIENTS
卷 13, 期 12, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/nu13124270
关键词
diet; fad diets; low carbohydrate; high protein; low fat; Atkins; zone; ketogenic; Dukan; Mediterranean; vegetarian; vegan; paleo; nephrolithiasis; urinary stones; kidney stones; urolithiasis; risk; kidney calculi
This review investigates the association between popular diets and kidney stone disease, finding that reducing carbohydrate intake, balancing protein-rich diets with fruits and vegetables, and ensuring sufficient calcium intake in vegan and vegetarian diets may help prevent stone formation. Further research is needed to directly assess the link between each diet type and kidney stone disease.
Objectives: Kidney stone disease (KSD) has a strong association with diet metabolic syndrome. This review aims at exploring the lithogenic risk posed by the current most popular diets. Our approach was to search for the effect of each diet type on the major urinary risk factors, to try to draw conclusions regarding the association of a specific diet type and KSD. Methods: This systematic review searched for the available literature exploring the association between the existing popular fad diets and KSD. Articles in English, French and Spanish were included, without restriction of the search period with the final search done in August 2021. Results: Total number of studies and studies for each diet type was as follows: 22 articles for the low carbohydrate diet, 20 articles for high protein diets, 26 articles for vegetarian and vegan diets. There exists a substantial variability in different low carbohydrate and high protein diets, and considerable overlap between modern popular fad diets. High carbohydrate intake might increase urine uric acid, calcium and oxalate levels. High protein diets increase urine calcium and uric acid and lower urine pH and citrate. Consumption of fruits and vegetables increases the urinary volume and urinary citrate. In vegan diets, sufficient daily calcium intake is important to avoid possible secondary hyperoxaluria. Conclusions: Few studies evaluated the direct relationship between modern fad diets and KSD. In general, the reduction of carbohydrate in the diet, and counterbalancing protein rich diets with sufficient intake of fruits and vegetables, seem to play a protective role against KSD formation. Maintaining sufficient calcium intake in vegan and vegetarian diets is important. Additional research is needed to directly evaluate the link between KSD and each diet type.
作者
我是这篇论文的作者
点击您的名字以认领此论文并将其添加到您的个人资料中。
推荐
暂无数据