Momordica charantia leaf extract reduces hepatic lipid accumulation and diet-induced dyslipidemia in zebrafish through lipogenesis and beta-oxidation

Aberrant lipid metabolism, especially dyslipidemia, has gained attention since it is closely related to various health disorders. Evidence that wild bitter melon (WBM), a natural herbal food, plays a regulatory function in lipid synthesis and accumulation has accumulated. In our study, we isolated 3 beta,7 beta,25-trihydroxycucurbita-5,23dien-19-al (TCD) fraction of WBM leaf extract and established a dyslipidemia model to validate the effects of TCD on human adipocytes and zebrafish. After being treated with WBM, hypertrophy was inhibited in adipocytes, and lipid accumulation was diminished in zebrafish livers. In addition, lipogenic markers, including peroxisomeproliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR alpha) and fatty acid synthase (FASN), significantly decreased when zebrafish were given WBM extract after they were given a high-fat diet. These findings explored the role of WBM in lipid metabolism and provided new insights into the pharmaceutic application of TCD in dyslipidemia.

Automated summary

The study revealed the regulatory role of wild bitter melon in lipid metabolism, showing that the extract can reduce hypertrophy in adipocytes and diminish lipid accumulation in zebrafish livers. Furthermore, the findings demonstrated a decrease in lipogenic markers in zebrafish when given bitter melon extract after a high-fat diet, suggesting potential pharmaceutical applications for dyslipidemia.