Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Victoria L. Peek, Deven M. Lemen, Robert J. Konrad, Yi Wen
Summary: Biotherapeutics can cause undesired immune responses in patients, and regulatory agencies require immunogenicity assessment during clinical development. A tiered bioanalytical approach is recommended for monitoring clinical immunogenicity, and neutralizing antibodies (NAb) are studied if the therapeutic protein is immunogenic. Both cell-based and non-cell-based assays can be used for NAb detection, with the competitive ligand binding assay (CLBA) being a suitable approach for detecting NAbs against efsitora.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGICAL METHODS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Marina Tuyishime, Amir Dashti, Katelyn Faircloth, Shalini Jha, Jeffrey L. Nordstrom, Barton F. Haynes, Guido Silvestri, Ann Chahroudi, David M. Margolis, Guido Ferrari
Summary: The HIVxCD3 DART molecules showed antiviral activity against HIV-1-infected cells in ex vivo experiments, especially in the presence of autologous CD8+ T cells. Among the tested DART molecules, PGT145 exhibited the highest activity, followed by 7B2 and then A32. The combination of all three DART molecules surpassed the activity of using PGT145 alone.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Xilin Wu, Lin Cheng, Ming Fu, Bilian Huang, Linjing Zhu, Shijie Xu, Haixia Shi, Doudou Zhang, Huanyun Yuan, Waqas Nawaz, Ping Yang, Qinxue Hu, Yalan Liu, Zhiwei Wu
Summary: Neutralizing nanobodies derived from an alpaca immunized with SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein show potential therapeutic effects against COVID-19. A trimer of Nbs, Nb-15-NbH-Nb-15, exhibits high neutralization potency against SARS-CoV-2 live virus and variants with a long half-life. Intranasal administration of Nb-15-Nb-H-Nb-15 provides effective protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection in transgenic hACE2 mice for both prophylactic and therapeutic purposes.
Article
Virology
Marion Migueres, Sabine Chapuy-Regaud, Marcel Miedouge, Thibaut Jamme, Catherine Lougarre, Isabelle Da Silva, Melanie Pucelle, Laetitia Staes, Marion Porcheron, Chloe Dimeglio, Jacques Izopet
Summary: The present study aimed to determine whether current commercial immunoassays are adequate for detecting anti-Omicron antibodies. The performance of some commercial immunoassays to detect antibodies elicited by Omicron infections was found to be decreased, highlighting the need for optimization to adapt to circulating SARS-CoV-2 strains.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Qi Zhang, Bin Ju, Jiwan Ge, Jasper Fuk-Woo Chan, Lin Cheng, Ruoke Wang, Weijin Huang, Mengqi Fang, Peng Chen, Bing Zhou, Shuo Song, Sisi Shan, Baohua Yan, Senyan Zhang, Xiangyang Ge, Jiazhen Yu, Juanjuan Zhao, Haiyan Wang, Li Liu, Qining Lv, Lili Fu, Xuanling Shi, Kwok Yung Yuen, Lei Liu, Youchun Wang, Zhiwei Chen, Linqi Zhang, Xinquan Wang, Zheng Zhang
Summary: The study identifies potent neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 with shared genetic features, termed as public antibodies. While one representative antibody demonstrates high protective efficacy in experiments, virus escape analysis reveals challenges faced by these public antibodies.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Mengyue Niu, Yik Chun Wong, Hui Wang, Xin Li, Chun Yin Chan, Qi Zhang, Lijun Ling, Lin Cheng, Ruoke Wang, Yanhua Du, Lok Yan Yim, Xia Jin, Haoji Zhang, Linqi Zhang, Zhiwei Chen
Summary: The tandem bi-specific broadly neutralizing antibody BiIA-SG was found effective in preventing HIV-1/AIDS infection in Chinese-origin rhesus macaques, reducing peak viremia, delaying disease progression, and inducing long-term protection through T cell immunity. These findings support the potential clinical development of BiIA-SG for HIV-1 prevention and immunotherapy.
Article
Microbiology
Henning Gruell, Kanika Vanshylla, Michael Korenkov, Pinkus Tober-Lau, Matthias Zehner, Friederike Munn, Hanna Janicki, Max Augustin, Philipp Schommers, Leif Erik Sander, Florian Kurth, Christoph Kreer, Florian Klein
Summary: The newly emerged Omicron sublineages BA.4/5 show reduced susceptibility to vaccinee sera, with distinct antigenic differences and escape patterns among different Omicron sublineages. However, promising antibodies with high pan-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing potency have also been identified.
CELL HOST & MICROBE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Meng Yuan, Deli Huang, Chang-Chun D. Lee, Nicholas C. Wu, Abigail M. Jackson, Xueyong Zhu, Hejun Liu, Linghang Peng, Marit J. Van Gils, Rogier W. Sanders, Dennis R. Burton, S. Momsen Reincke, Harald Pruss, Jakob Kreye, David Nemazee, Andrew B. Ward, Ian A. Wilson
Summary: Mutations in the RBS residues of new variant strains of the coronavirus can affect the binding and neutralizing effects of antibodies, but have little impact on antibodies targeting more conserved neutralizing sites.
Article
Immunology
Chiao-Hsuan Chao, Dayna Cheng, Sheng-Wen Huang, Yung-Chun Chuang, Trai-Ming Yeh, Jen-Ren Wang
Summary: This study collected serum samples from 113 Taiwan participants after receiving different SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and compared the differences in immune responses. The results showed that mRNA vaccines elicited higher levels of antibodies and had higher broadly neutralizing ability compared to AZD1222. Additionally, the study found a significant increase in anti-ACE2 autoantibodies after vaccination.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Alok Rathi, Sherri Rinker, Hongmei Niu, Carina Carter, Seema Kumar, Kyra Cowan
Summary: The assessment of neutralizing anti-drug antibodies (ADAs) is crucial in immunogenicity testing because they can affect the safety, efficacy, and pharmacokinetic profile of biotherapeutic drugs. However, in the case of drugs with longer half-lives or in repeat-dose studies, the presence of high concentrations of residual circulating drug may interfere with NAb assays and lead to false negative or false positive responses.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGICAL METHODS
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Amy L. Heaps, Michele D. Sobolewski, Jana L. Jacobs, Kelley C. Gordon, Ghady Haidar, John W. Mellors, Urvi M. Parikh
Summary: A novel application of the Bio-Rad Bio-Plex Pro Human SARSCoV-2 D614G S1 Variant nAb Assay was used to determine the half-maximal neutralizing antibody (nAb) titer (NT50) in COVID-19-vaccinated individuals, showing strong correlation to a laboratory-developed SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus nAb assay. The Bio-Plex nAb assay could offer a rapid, high-throughput, culture-free method for NT50 determination in sera.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Maddalena Marconato, Irene A. Abela, Anthony Hauser, Magdalena Schwarzmueller, Rheliana Katzensteiner, Dominique L. Braun, Selina Epp, Annette Audige, Jacqueline Weber, Peter Rusert, Emery Schindler, Chloe Pasin, Emily West, Jurg Boeni, Verena Kufner, Michael Huber, Maryam Zaheri, Stefan Schmutz, Beat M. Frey, Roger D. Kouyos, Huldrych F. Guenthard, Markus G. Manz, Alexandra Trkola
Summary: This study provides preliminary evidence that treatment with convalescent plasma therapy, particularly with highly neutralizing plasma, is associated with faster clearance of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2022)
Article
Virology
Mengqi Yuan, Xiangyu Chen, Yanzhi Zhu, Xiaoqing Dong, Yan Liu, Zhaohui Qian, Lilin Ye, Pinghuang Liu
Summary: The emergence of the new, highly contagious SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant has caused significant breakthrough infections and has become the predominant strain globally. Omicron variants are typically characterized by high mutations in the spike protein, leading to considerable evasion of potent neutralizing monoclonal antibodies and reduced efficacy of current COVID-19 vaccines. Developing neutralizing antibodies with strong efficacy against the Omicron variant remains an urgent priority. The generation of a bispecific antibody Bi-Nab(35B5-47D10) simultaneously targeting SARS-CoV-2 RBD and S2 has shown enhanced neutralizing potency and breadth against SARS-CoV-2 WT and tested variants compared to its parental antibodies. Importantly, Bi-Nab(35B5-47D10) exhibits increased neutralizing activity against the VOC Omicron pseudotyped virus, suggesting it as a feasible and potentially effective strategy for treating and preventing COVID-19.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ames C. Register, Somayeh S. Tarighat, Ho Young Lee
Summary: Antibody therapeutics have shown promising clinical outcomes, with BsAbs offering significant advantages over monospecific antibodies. However, developing bioassays for BsAbs is challenging due to their complex mechanism of action and structural variations.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Christina Boch, Markus Reschke, Frederik Igney, Peter Maier, Philipp Mueller, Sarah Danklmaier, Krishna Das, Tamara Hofer, Guido Wollmann, Wolfgang Rist
Summary: This study evaluated the therapeutic potential of an anti-CD96 antibody alone or in combination with an anti-PD-1 antibody. The combination treatment showed enhanced therapeutic benefit in reducing tumor growth and increasing CD8(+) T cell infiltration. Measurement of plasma concentration and anti-drug antibody formation is crucial for correct interpretation of pharmacodynamic data.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Teresa M. Caiazzo, Christopher M. Shea, Alison P. Joyce
Summary: Characterizing critical reagents can help mitigate adverse effects on ligand-binding assay performance. Investigating conjugation and purification conditions can decrease background signal and aggregate levels, providing a proactive approach for maintaining long-term stability and establishing re-evaluation intervals for traditional and novel reagents based on risk.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vahid Farrokhi, Jason Walsh, Joe Palandra, Joanne Brodfuehrer, Teresa Caiazzo, Jane Owens, Michael Binks, Srividya Neelakantan, Florence Yong, Pinky Dua, Caroline Le Guiner, Hendrik Neubert
Summary: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a degenerative muscle disorder caused by mutations in the DMD gene, and gene therapy strategies aiming to increase expression of functional mini-dystrophin protein are being validated and applied using a novel peptide immunoaffinity liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (IA-LC-MS/MS) assay. This assay accurately quantifies dystrophin/mini-dystrophin in human and preclinical species with sufficient sensitivity for immediate application in preclinical/clinical trials.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vitaly Ablamunits, Christopher Lepsy
Summary: The global vaccination effort and improved treatment strategies offer hope for combating the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the disease continues to cause significant mortality in many countries. The burst of pro-inflammatory cytokines, particularly TNF, plays a major role in severe cases and multiple organ failure. Pharmaceutical agents that prevent TNF binding or block TNF signaling pathways show promise in clinical trials.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTS
(2022)