Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Makoto Fukumoto, Ryunosuke Akai, Yume Yoshida, Shin-nosuke Sakuma, Hayato Ono, Rintaro Mori, Masahito Sano
Summary: It has been found that carbon nanotubes can spontaneously exhibit synchronized oscillations in an aqueous mixture of surfactant and dye, suggesting a highly cooperative form of the sparse network with variable linkages.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lukas Aufinger, Johann Brenner, Friedrich C. Simmel
Summary: This study provides experimental evidence of period doubling in a forced cell-free genetic oscillator and suggests a simple design principle for synchronization.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Nazim Ali, Sada Nand, Abhimanyu Kiran, Manoranjan Mishra, Vishwajeet Mehandia
Summary: We investigated the rheological aspects of collective motion by swimming Turbatrix aceti nematodes in an experimental study. We found that these nematodes can significantly alter the rheological properties of the suspension through their body oscillations and synchronized wave formations, resulting in strong fluid flows. The strength of the collective state also affects the shape of the swimming interface. At high shear rates, the effective viscosity of the nematode suspension exhibits steady viscous behavior without significant influence from nematode activity. However, at low shear rates, the activity effect becomes significant and generates oscillating viscous effects. Additionally, we explored the influence of nematode concentration on suspension viscosity. Our findings provide insights into the rheological aspects of active matter under different shear rates and suggest potential applications in the development of metamaterials with negative viscosity for healthcare and energy systems.
Article
Biology
Teresa M. Findley, David G. Wyrick, Jennifer L. Cramer, Morgan A. Brown, Blake Holcomb, Robin Attey, Dorian Yeh, Eric Monasevitch, Nelly Nouboussi, Isabelle Cullen, Jeremea O. Songco, Jared F. King, Yashar Ahmadian, Matthew C. Smear
Summary: This study establishes an olfactory search assay in which mice navigate noisy concentration gradients of airborne odor. Through machine learning methods, motion trajectories were parsed into elementary movement motifs, revealing the sensorimotor strategies for mouse olfactory search.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Raghunath Chelakkot, Michael F. Hagan, Arvind Gopinath
Summary: This study explores the collective dynamics and stable spatiotemporal patterns that emerge in biomimetic multi-filament arrays, focusing on the impact of steric interactions. It demonstrates that short-range steric inter-filament interactions and filament roughness can lead to a rich variety of collective spatiotemporal oscillatory, traveling, and static patterns. The research suggests that short-ranged steric inter-filament interactions combined with complementary hydrodynamic interactions may control the development and regulation of oscillatory collective patterns.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Takahiro Hirao, Hiroaki Masaki
Summary: Researchers investigated the neural correlates of synchronized movement in rowers using the phi complex, finding that followers exhibited larger phi 2 power during synchronization and that the magnitude of phi 2 was related to empathetic ability in followers.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Roberto Silvotti, Peter Nemeth, John H. Telting, Andrzej S. Baran, Roy H. Ostensen, Jakub Ostrowski, Sumanta K. Sahoo, Saskia Prins
Summary: A new sdBV+dM reflection-effect binary with an orbital period of 7.21 h has been discovered. Multiple g-mode pulsation frequencies were detected in the Fourier transform of the system, along with rotational triplets of equally spaced frequencies. The analysis suggests a rotation period of 4.6 d and indicates a differential rotation with faster rotation at the surface than in the core.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Miranda Mele, Ricardo Vieira, Barbara Correia, Pasqualino De Luca, Filipe Duarte, Paulo S. Pinheiro, Carlos B. Duarte
Summary: This study demonstrates the development of synchronized and spontaneous calcium transients in cultured hippocampal neurons after transient incubation in a Mg2+-free solution. Furthermore, rhythmic burst activity induced by the absence of Mg2+ was observed and could be prevented by antagonists of glutamate receptors. This model of epileptiform-like activity will be valuable for studying synaptic alterations contributing to hyperexcitability and testing new drugs for epilepsy treatment.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Enrique Macia
Summary: This study presents a fully analytical treatment of the dynamics of base pairs and codons in double-stranded DNA molecules, revealing synchronized collective oscillations between base pairs and their corresponding codon units. The research demonstrates the existence of hierarchical symmetry and discusses the potential biological implications of these long-range oscillation effects in DNA molecules.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Andrea Cavagna, Luca Di Carlo, Irene Giardina, Tomas S. Grigera, Stefania Melillo, Leonardo Parisi, Giulia Pisegna, Mattia Scandolo
Summary: By using the renormalization group, the dynamical critical exponent of natural swarms of insects is calculated, and a new fixed point is discovered. The critical exponent at the new fixed point is consistent with both experiments and numerical simulations, indicating the power of the renormalization group in describing collective behavior.
Article
Neurosciences
Tiam Hosseinian, Fatemeh Yavari, Min-Fang Kuo, Michael A. Nitsche, Asif Jamil
Summary: The study developed a new technique to induce and stabilize theta oscillations in the human brain, and found that this technique enhances cognitive processing through testing working memory. The results demonstrate technological advancement in brain stimulation methods and validate the causal link between theta activity and cognitive behavior.
Editorial Material
Robotics
Enrica Soria
Summary: An optimized planning algorithm enables swarms of flying robots to autonomously and safely explore unknown environments.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Derick Yongabi, Mehran Khorshid, Patricia Losada-Perez, Soroush Bakhshi Sichani, Stijn Jooken, Wouter Stilman, Florian Thesseling, Tobie Martens, Toon Van Thillo, Kevin Verstrepen, Peter Dedecker, Pieter Vanden Berghe, Minne Paul Lettinga, Carmen Bartic, Peter Lieberzeit, Michael J. Schoning, Ronald Thoelen, Marc Fransen, Michael Wubbenhorst, Patrick Wagner
Summary: In this study, a fast and facile label- and receptor-free method for cell characterization is proposed, using the natural response of cells to mild thermal stimuli. The time-patterns of synchronized and spontaneous cell detachment provide cell-specific indicators that can distinguish different cell types.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Enrica Soria, Fabrizio Schiano, Dario Floreano
Summary: Classical models of aerial swarms, which use potential fields to describe interactions, have limitations in guaranteeing rapid and safe collective motion in real-world cluttered environments. A predictive model is proposed in this study to improve the speed and safety of aerial swarms by incorporating agents' flight dynamics.
NATURE MACHINE INTELLIGENCE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dieu My T. Nguyen, Michael L. Iuzzolino, Aaron Mankel, Katarzyna Bozek, Greg J. Stephens, Orit Peleg
Summary: Honeybee swarms demonstrate collective behavior by forming a scenting-mediated communication network, with bees arranging in a specific spatial distribution and signaling directionally away from the queen. Through an agent-based model, researchers studied how physical parameters affect collective scenting behavior and discovered that increased directional bias in scenting leads to more efficient aggregation processes that avoid local equilibrium configurations.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Review
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Peter M. Miklavcic, John Siu, Esteban Wright, Alex Debrecht, Hesam Askari, Alice C. Quillen, Adam Frank
Summary: In this paper, the authors explore the potential of using near-earth asteroids as habitats for human settlement. They find that it is possible to maintain the integrity of a rotating asteroid by using high-strength materials as containers. This research expands the range of possible asteroid habitats and suggests the feasibility of constructing habitats from smaller bodies.
FRONTIERS IN ASTRONOMY AND SPACE SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Esteban Wright, Alice C. Quillen, Paul Sanchez, Stephen R. Schwartz, Miki Nakajima, Hesam Askari, Peter Miklavcic
Summary: We conducted experiments to compare low velocity impacts on granular media with different mean grain sizes but similar density, porosity, and friction coefficient. Our results show that the coefficients of restitution, which represent the ratio of pre-to post-impact velocity components, are sensitive to mean grain size. The lift coefficient, in particular, is the most strongly affected by grain size, decreasing by a factor of 3 between the coarsest and finest media. The deflection angles caused by the impact are largest in coarser media and vary approximately with grain size to the power of 3/2. These findings emphasize the importance of considering substrate size distribution in models for objects impacting granular asteroid surfaces.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Alice C. Quillen, Anthony LaBarca, YuanYuan Chen
Summary: In this study, we used viscoelastic mass/spring model simulations to investigate the tidal evolution and migration of compact binary asteroid systems. Our results showed that the non-principal axis rotation in the secondary can be long-lived after it is captured into a spin-synchronous state. Furthermore, the inward orbital semi-major axis migration can resonantly excite non-principal axis rotation.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Peter M. Miklavcic, Paul Sanchez, Esteban Wright, Alice C. Quillen, Hesam Askari
Summary: Oblique, low-velocity impacts onto non-terrestrial terrain are common in space exploration missions. The study conducted two-dimensional discrete simulations to model such impacts and recreate the three classes of impact behavior previously observed from experiments. The calculations of Von Mises strain distributions revealed the shifting of grains relative to the overall system, providing insights into the 'skin zone' concept.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Zackery A. Benson, Anton Peshkov, Nicole Yunger Halpern, Derek C. Richardson, Wolfgang Losert
Summary: The study investigates the reversibility of a three-dimensional granular system under cyclic compression and reveals the significant role of rotational motion in granular flows. The findings indicate that 3D rotations are irreversible under cyclic compression, leading to the accumulation of dissipative contact-point sliding throughout the cycle.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
A. C. Quillen, Max Neiderbach, Bingcheng Suo, Juliana South, Esteban Wright, Nathan Skerrett, Paul Sanchez, Fernando David Cunez, Peter Miklavcic, Hesam Askari
Summary: In this study, we conducted low velocity normal impacts on granular materials and found that the longitudinal pulses excited by impact attenuate and spread as they travel away from the impact site. Using a model, we estimated the relationship between pulse properties and travel distance from the impact site, and observed a decay in peak pressure, velocity, and seismic energy as distance increases. Our experimental results support a seismic jolt model and we applied our model to estimate the physical properties of the seismic pulse generated by the upcoming mission impact on the asteroid Dimorphos.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Max Neiderbach, Bingcheng Suo, Esteban Wright, A. C. Quillen, Mokin Lee, Peter Miklavcic, Hesam Askari, Paul Sanchez
Summary: High speed videos are used in laboratory experiments to observe particle motions caused by low velocity impact into sand. Particle displacements are measured using particle tracking velocimetry and cross-correlation method. The ratio of final particle displacement to crater radius is similar to other impact craters.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Adam E. Rubinstein, Nicole Karnath, Alice C. Quillen, Samuel Federman, Joel D. Green, Edward T. Chambers, Dan M. Watson, S. Thomas Megeath
Summary: This study presents a two-epoch Hubble Space Telescope observation of NGC 2071 IR, focusing on HOPS 361-C, a protostar that exhibits a curved jet with a scale of 0.2 parsecs. The proper motions of the knots in the jet decrease with increasing distance from the source, and the velocity jump through each knot is estimated to be around 40-50 km/s. The observations further suggest a precessing jet model with a precession period of 1000-3000 years and a half opening angle of 15 degrees.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
A. C. Quillen
Summary: Biological systems can use the collective formation of a metachronal wave to achieve locomotion and fluid transport. One-dimensional chains of phase oscillators connected in a loop with rotational symmetry can exhibit instability to short wavelength perturbations, leading to changes in the metachronal wave speed. Stochastic phase oscillator models also show that even weak noise can induce instabilities that result in metachronal wave states.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
A. C. Quillen, A. Peshkov, Brato Chakrabarti, Nathan Skerrett, Sonia McGaffigan, Rebeca Zapiach
Summary: Recent experiments have shown that the nematode T. aceti can assemble into collectively undulating groups at the edge of fluid drops. The coordinated state consists of metachronal waves and drives fluid circulation inside the drop. A hydrodynamics model suggests that large-amplitude excursions of the nematode tails produce the fluid circulation. The study also discusses the constraints on containers that would enhance fluid motion.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Paul Sanchez, Daniel J. Scheeres, Alice C. Quillen
Summary: In this paper, a soft-sphere discrete element method code is used to simulate the transmission and study the attenuation of a seismic wave. The results are then applied to different space missions and impacts on small bodies in the solar system. The findings show that the seismic wave speed is directly dependent on the velocity of the impact and the total pressure. It is also observed that energy dissipation is high regardless of the pressure and impact velocity. These findings provide insights into the movement of particles on the surface of small bodies and the potential effects of hypervelocity impacts.
PLANETARY SCIENCE JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Anton Peshkov, S. Teitel
Summary: This study numerically investigates a three-dimensional system of athermal, overdamped, frictionless spheres using a simplified model. The bulk viscosity is computed under compression to explore the question of whether stress-anisotropic and stress-isotropic jamming belong to the same critical universality class. The results demonstrate that the bulk viscosity diverges as jamming is approached and are consistent for different scenarios.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yiping Yin, Zhe Wang, Hua Zou
Summary: This study presents a novel method for preparing dimpled polymer-silica nanocomposite particles using interfacial swelling-based seeded polymerization. The optimized conditions allow for a relatively high percentage of dimpled particles to be achieved.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Brenden D. Hoehn, Elizabeth A. Kellstedt, Marc A. Hillmyer
Summary: Porous materials with nanometer-scale pores have important applications as nanoporous membranes. In this study, ABA triblock copolymers were used as precursors to produce nanoporous polymeric membranes (NPMs) in thin film form by degrading the end blocks. Polycyclooctene (PCOE) NPMs with tunable pore sizes were successfully prepared using solvent casting technique. Oxygen plasma etching was employed to improve the surface porosity and hydrophilicity of the membranes. This study provides a straightforward method to produce tough NPMs with high porosity and hydrophilic surface properties.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Vladislav S. Petrovskii, Stepan I. Zholudev, Igor I. Potemkin
Summary: This article investigates the behavior of linear and ring polypeptide chains in aqueous solution and explores the properties of the complexes formed by these chains with oppositely charged surfactants. The results demonstrate that the complexes of linear supercharged unfolded polypeptides and the corresponding surfactants exhibit impressive adhesive properties.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Merve Cevik, Serkan Dikici
Summary: Cardiovascular diseases are a leading cause of death globally, and vascular grafts are a promising treatment option. This study focuses on tissue-engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs) using decellularized parsley stems as a potential biomaterial. The decellularized parsley stems showed suitable properties for TEVGs, providing a suitable environment for human endothelial cells to form a pseudo endothelium. This study showcases the potential of using parsley stems for TEVGs.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Gustavo A. Vasquez-Montoya, Tadej Emersic, Noe Atzin, Antonio Tavera-Vazquez, Ali Mozaffari, Rui Zhang, Orlando Guzman, Alexey Snezhko, Paul F. Nealey, Juan J. de Pablo
Summary: The optical properties of liquid crystals are typically controlled by electric fields. In this study, we investigate the effects of microfluidic flows and acoustic fields on the molecular orientation and optical response of nematic liquid crystals. We identify several previously unknown structures and explain them through calculations and simulations. These findings hold promise for the development of new systems combining sound, flow, and confinement.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xinjun Wu, Xin Guan, Shushu Chen, Jiangpeng Jia, Chongyi Chen, Jiawei Zhang, Chuanzhuang Zhao
Summary: This research presents a novel shape memory hydrogel with a remodelable permanent shape and programmable cold-induced shape recovery behavior. The hydrogel is prepared using specific treatment methods to achieve shape fixation by heating and shape recovery by cooling. Additionally, deformable devices can be obtained by assembling hydrogel blocks with different concentrations.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Rebecca Hengsbach, Gerhard Fink, Ulrich Simon
Summary: This study examines the properties of DNA functionalized pNipmam microgels and pure pNipmam microgels at different concentrations of sodium chloride and in PBS solutions using temperature dependent H-1-NMR measurements. The results show that DNA modification affects the volume phase transition temperature and the addition of salt and PBS further enhances this effect.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ningyi Li, Junhong Li, Lijingting Qing, Shicheng Ma, Yao Li, Baohui Li
Summary: This paper investigates the self-assembly behavior of colloids with competing interactions under spherical confinement and finds that different ordered structures can be formed under different sized spherical confinements. Moreover, more perforated structures are formed in smaller spheres.