4.7 Article

A 5′ tRNA-Ala-derived small RNA regulates anti-fungal defense in plants

期刊

SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES
卷 65, 期 1, 页码 1-15

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SCIENCE PRESS
DOI: 10.1007/s11427-021-2017-1

关键词

tRNA-derived small RNAs; small RNA sequencing; RNase T2; disease resistance

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资金

  1. National Natural Science Foundation of China [31801074, 31788103]

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This study identified the characteristics of 5' tsRNAs and 5' tRNA halves in Arabidopsis, revealing an important role of a 5' tsRNA in negatively regulating anti-fungal defense through association with AGO1.
Apart from their primordial role in protein synthesis, tRNAs can be cleaved to produce tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs). The biological functions of tsRNAs in plants remain largely unknown. In this study, we developed RtcB ligation-based small RNA (sRNA) sequencing, a method that captures and distinguishes between 3 '-2 ',3 '-cyclic-phosphate (cP)/phosphate (P)-terminated sRNAs and 3 '-OH-terminated sRNAs, and profiled 5 ' tsRNAs and 5 ' tRNA halves in Arabidopsis thaliana. We found that Arabidopsis 5 ' tsRNAs and 5 ' tRNA halves predominantly contain a cP at the 3 ' end and require S-like RNase 1 (RNS1) and RNS3 for their production. One of the most abundant 5 ' tsRNAs, 5 ' tsR-Ala, by associating with AGO1, negatively regulates Cytochrome P450 71A13 (CYP71A13) expression and camalexin biosynthesis to repress anti-fungal defense. Interestingly, 5 ' tsR-Ala is downregulated upon fungal infection. Our study provides a global view of 5 ' tsRNAs and 5 ' tRNA halves in Arabidopsis and unravels an important role of a 5 ' tsRNA in regulating anti-fungal defense.

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