Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Berkant Sezer, Nur Kodaman Dokumacigil, Remziye Kaya, Serclin Guven, Ode Nia Turkkan, Neslihan Cicek, Harika Alpay, Betul Kargul
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association between serum biomarkers and oral health parameters in children with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The results showed that serum hemoglobin and creatinine levels were negatively correlated with dmft scores, while blood urea nitrogen levels, as well as serum creatinine and parathormone levels, were positively correlated with oral hygiene parameters.
CLINICAL ORAL INVESTIGATIONS
(2023)
Article
Anthropology
Mahmoud Mardini, Ali Badawi, Tania Zaven, Raffi Gergian, Efthymia Nikita
Summary: This bioarchaeological study examines dental disease and dietary patterns in Roman Phoenicia's coastal areas, specifically Byblos, Beirut, and Tyre. Byblos showed higher rates of dental diseases and wear compared to Beirut and Tyre, suggesting a higher consumption of carbohydrates but also poorer oral hygiene and greater mechanical stress. This difference may be related to the economic and political status of these cities. Females in all sites generally had higher rates of dental caries, which may reflect gender-based dietary patterns in Roman society. The findings provide important insights into understudied Phoenician communities, but further research with larger datasets and complementary methods is needed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OSTEOARCHAEOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Janaina Costa Marangon Duarte, Isabela Bazzo Costa, Daniel de Bortoli Teixeira, Luiz Fernando Fregatto, Claudemir Gregorio Mendes, Aline Maria Noli Mascarin, Salum Bueno da Silveira Junior, Bianca Eduarda Baptistella Mesquita Serva, Livia Picchi Comar, Roberta Goncalves da Silva, Daniela Vieira Buchaim, Rogerio Leone Buchaim, Eduardo Federighi Baisi Chagas, Francisco Agostinho Junior, Paula Cristina Cola
Summary: This study compared the oral hygiene, biochemical, and microbiological aspects of the oral cavity of children and young people with neurological impairment and oropharyngeal dysphagia. The results showed that patients using gastrostomy had poorer oral hygiene, greater dental calculus deposition, and higher salivary pH. Both groups of patients had Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tanerella forsythia, and Treponema denticola in their saliva.
Article
Biology
Emanuela Cristiani, Anita Radini, Andrea Zupancich, Angelo Gismondi, Alessia D'Agostino, Claudio Ottoni, Marialetizia Carra, Snezana Vukojicic, Mihai Constantinescu, Dragana Antonovic, T. Douglas Price, Dusan Boric
Summary: This study reveals that early foragers in the Danube Gorges of the central Balkans were already utilizing Poaceae plants and had developed a sophisticated grass grain processing technology. The region had a complex prehistoric society before the advent of agriculture.
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Maria Kolp-Godoy Allende, Anton Samplonius
Summary: The reconstruction of plant-based healing treatments of past societies from a dental anthropological perspective remains a challenging task due to the wide range of plant species and limitations on plant-taxa identification. Analysis of starch grains and phytoliths from dental calculus and sediment of dental caries revealed the presence of various starch grains in the individual's diet, highlighting the nutritional and potential medicinal properties of certain plant species. This study demonstrates the value of analyzing sediment from dental caries in tracing medicinal plant-based treatments in archaeological populations.
ANNALS OF ANATOMY-ANATOMISCHER ANZEIGER
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Ayako Shibutani, Tomoya Aono, Yukihito Nagaya
Summary: This study examined starch granules from dental calculus to identify plant food items and reconstruct human socioeconomic practices. The results suggest that some starch granules may have come from acorns, nuts, and bulb or tuber plants, and this study is the first to determine how plant microremains in dental calculus reflect a plant diet.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Robert S. Fuller, Navam Hettiarachchy, Corliss A. O'Bryan, Casey M. Owens, Ruben O. Morawicki
Summary: Food processing environment flooring can be contaminated with pathogens, but the use of natural antimicrobial turmeric and commercially available powdered floor treatments can reduce the levels of pathogens on the floor. In this study, the effectiveness of these chemicals against Salmonella, E. coli, and Listeria monocytogenes was evaluated. The results showed that treatments containing percarbonate-based commercial floor treatment were more effective, while turmeric alone was less effective. The combination of turmeric and percarbonate treatment did not show higher effectiveness than the commercial treatment alone at a lower recommended application rate.
JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION
(2022)
Article
Geography, Physical
Elena Fiorin, Joanna Moore, Janet Montgomery, Marta Mariotti Lippi, Geoff Nowell, Paolo Forlin
Summary: This study presents the results of isotopic and dental calculus analyses of individuals buried in Roman and medieval cemeteries in Lamon, Italy. The findings suggest a continuity of geographic residence and a diet rich in animal proteins among the populations. The analysis of dental calculus provides insights into the types of crops consumed and potential differences in cooking processes between the Roman and medieval periods, as well as potential medicinal treatments.
QUATERNARY INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Ju-Hui Wu, Chen-Yi Lee, Wen-Tsan Chang, Po-Hsuan Wu, Lin-Ann Chen, Jian-Wei Huang, Wen-Lung Su, Kung-Kai Kuo
Summary: The study found that LT candidates often have poor oral hygiene, with the presence of dental calculus linked to a worse prognosis. Patients who undergo LT have a higher survival rate, while those at Child-Pugh stages B and C, and those with a MELD score ≥ 25 have lower survival rates. Cross-disciplinary collaboration should be routine in evaluating oral hygiene in LT candidates.
KAOHSIUNG JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Su Hyun Lee, Hyun Woo Kim, Hyun Jin Park
Summary: Pet food as an auxiliary approach for oral health care has gained attention recently. A study used 3D printing technology to create personalized dental hygiene chews for dogs. The optimal methods for making these chews were developed using corn starch and glycerin. The study found that the viscoelasticity of the chews increased with higher glycerin content. Texture and plaque removal efficacy were tested with different infill levels and glycerin content, and the results showed that a 60% infill level with 10% or 20% glycerin content had the best plaque removal efficacy for both canines and premolars. A lattice structure design with square holes was more effective for canines, while a crumbly texture was more effective for premolars.
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Eugen A. Preoteasa, Santiago Gomez, Elena S. Preoteasa, Adela C. Scafes, Constantin Ionescu-Tirgoviste, Radu Andrei, Dragos Mirea
Summary: The study examined dental calculus using a combination of PIXE and optical microscopy, revealing the heterogeneous nature of the calculus and identifying different types based on their Ca/P ratios and composition, suggesting they were formed by different biomineralization pathways.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Stephen Buckley, Karen Hardy, Fredrik Hallgren, Lucy Kubiak-Martens, Zydrune Miliauskiene, Alison Sheridan, Iwona Sobkowiak-Tabaka, Maria Eulalia Subira
Summary: Research shows that there was widespread consumption of seaweed, submerged aquatic plants, and freshwater plants in prehistoric Europe, which continued into the farming period and early Middle Ages. This discovery is crucial for understanding the past and recognizing forgotten resources in the present.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Martina Monaco, Giulia Riccomi, Simona Minozzi, Stefano Campana, Valentina Giuffra
Summary: This study investigated activity-induced dental modifications (AIDMs) in a medieval population in Pieve di Pava, Italy, and found higher prevalence rates in males and an increase in frequency with age. The study also highlighted the associations between different types of dental modifications and the traditional activities and cultural habits of rural communities.
ARCHIVES OF ORAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Zhikun Ma, Shu Liu, Zhao Li, Maolin Ye, Xiujia Huan
Summary: The diet of prehistoric humans in the Qijia period was influenced by dry agriculture and food globalization, with the main staple being millet. However, they also consumed a variety of other plants, possibly foraged rather than grown. The lower proportion of foraged plants at the Lajia site compared to other contemporaneous sites may be due to the arid environment, leading to a greater reliance on millet cultivation and hunting.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Zoology
Ian Towle, Joel D. Irish, Kris H. Sabbi, Carolina Loch
Summary: Dental caries were found in 3.3% of all teeth among 11 catarrhine primate species studied, with prevalence varying among species. Interproximal cavities on anterior teeth were confirmed to be cariogenic in nature, likely influenced by dietary and food processing behaviors. Further research in living primate populations is needed to better understand the factors influencing caries occurrence.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PRIMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Anthropology
Gregorio Oxilia, Eugenio Bortolini, Federica Badino, Federico Bernardini, Valentina Gazzoni, Federico Lugli, Matteo Romandini, Anita Radini, Gabriele Terlato, Giulia Marciani, Sara Silvestrini, Jessica C. Menghi Sartorio, Ursula Thun Hohenstein, Luca Fiorenza, Ottmar Kullmer, Claudio Tuniz, Jacopo Moggi Cecchi, Sahra Talamo, Federica Fontana, Marco Peresani, Stefano Benazzi, Emanuela Cristiani
Summary: The analysis of prehistoric human dietary habits revealed that these three prehistoric hunter-gatherers were well adapted to the environment in which they lived exploiting many natural resources.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Andrew R. Millard, Richard G. Annis, Anwen C. Caffell, Laura L. Dodd, Roman Fischer, Christopher M. Gerrard, C. Pamela Graves, Jessica Hendy, Lisa Mackenzie, Janet Montgomery, Geoff M. Nowell, Anita Radini, Julia Beaumont, Hannah E. C. Koon, Camilla F. Speller
Article
Archaeology
Patrick Daniel
Summary: Excavations near Bucklow Hill in 2014-15 uncovered two clusters of cremated human remains, with the earliest dating back to the Early Bronze Age. Environmental evidence suggests the cultivation of plants in the Bronze Age, and later medieval pits containing oats, barley, and rye were found. The significance of these findings lies in the lack of comparable evidence from rural sites in the region, contributing to the understanding of prehistoric funerary monument reuse in the English north midlands.
ARCHAEOLOGICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Biology
Emanuela Cristiani, Anita Radini, Andrea Zupancich, Angelo Gismondi, Alessia D'Agostino, Claudio Ottoni, Marialetizia Carra, Snezana Vukojicic, Mihai Constantinescu, Dragana Antonovic, T. Douglas Price, Dusan Boric
Summary: This study reveals that early foragers in the Danube Gorges of the central Balkans were already utilizing Poaceae plants and had developed a sophisticated grass grain processing technology. The region had a complex prehistoric society before the advent of agriculture.
Article
Geography, Physical
Anita Radini, Efthymia Nikita
Summary: The study of ancient human dental calculus is increasingly important in osteoarchaeology, human palaeoecology, and environmental archaeology. Micro-remains and biomolecules retrieved from dental calculus can provide important insights into the past human-environment relationship. However, their connection to skeletal remains is often incomplete. This paper critically reviews the evidence from dental calculus and explores its potential and limitations in relation to osteoarchaeological parameters.
QUATERNARY INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Blessing Chidimuro, Amy Mundorff, Camilla Speller, Anita Radini, Noemie Boudreault, Mary Lucas, Malin Holst, Angela Lamb, Matthew Collins, Michelle Alexander
Summary: Dental calculus carbonate can be used as an indicator of sugar consumption and an alternative to bone carbonate in isotopic palaeodiet studies.
RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY
(2022)
Article
Archaeology
Efthymia Nikita, Michelle Alexander, Samantha Cox, Anita Radini, Petrus Le Roux, Moheddine Chaouali, Corisande Fenwick
Summary: This paper presents the first isotopic study on human mobility in late antique North Africa, focusing on the site of Bulla Regia in Tunisia. The study analyzes plant and snail samples to obtain the values for bioavailable 87Sr/86Sr in northern Tunisia, and introduces a method for the pre-processing of plants in the field. The results suggest regional mobility of individuals in Bulla Regia during this time period, with some potential inter-regional mobility from warmer climate areas.
JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE-REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Anthropology
Efthymia Nikita, Anita Radini
Summary: This paper examines differences in labor-linked social divisions between the Anglo-Saxon and medieval periods in the East Midlands, England. The analysis of skeletal changes suggests the absence of systematic sex-based division of labor in both periods, while also highlighting the overall similarities between the two periods despite the more complex and diversified urban life in the later medieval period compared to the earlier Anglo-Saxon period.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OSTEOARCHAEOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rebecca L. Gowland, Anwen C. Caffell, Leslie Quade, Alysa Levene, Andrew R. Millard, Malin Holst, Poppy Yapp, S. Delaney, Chloe Brown, Geoff Nowell, Colin McPherson, Heidi A. Shaw, Nicolas A. Stewart, Sally Robinson, Janet Montgomery, Michelle M. Alexander
Summary: This study provides the first direct evidence of the lives of child workers during the rapid industrialization in 18th-19th century England. The research reveals that these children, who were born into poverty, faced poor living conditions, stunted growth, and respiratory diseases as a result of their hazardous labor. It emphasizes the impact of industrial labor on the health and mortality risk of children.
Editorial Material
Geography, Physical
Anita Radini, Emanuela Cristiani
QUATERNARY INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Giulio Lucarini, Maria Guagnin, Ceri Shipton, Anita Radini, Abdullah M. Alsharekh, Michael Petraglia
Summary: Grinding stone fragments associated with hearths at Jebel Oraf in the Nefud Desert were found to have been used for plant processing, bone processing, and pigment production during the Neolithic period. The use of the stones was not limited to their initial purpose, as they were often re-used for alternative tasks. This study also suggests the widespread use of pigment in Neolithic painted art.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Francesco Fontani, Rosa Boano, Alessandra Cinti, Beatrice Demarchi, Sarah Sandron, Simone Rampelli, Marco Candela, Mirko Traversari, Adriana Latorre, Rocco Iacovera, Paolo Abondio, Stefania Sarno, Meaghan Mackie, Matthew Collins, Anita Radini, Chantal Milani, Enrico Petrella, Emanuela Giampalma, Antonella Minelli, Felice Larocca, Elisabetta Cilli, Donata Luiselli
Summary: The Neolithic burial site of Grotta di Pietra Sant'Angelo (CS) in Southern Italy is a unique archaeological finding. It is characterized by its high altitude, remote location, lack of funerary equipment, and unusual body placement, which differentiate it from other contemporary Italian sites. This atypical case has raised questions about mortuary customs in Southern Italy during the prehistoric period. An interdisciplinary approach has been employed to construct an integrated bioarchaeological profile of the individual.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Archaeology
Panagiotis Siozos, Niklas Hausmann, Malin Holst, Demetrios Anglos
Summary: The study evaluates the use of elemental analysis based on LIBS combined with NN to assign archaeological bone remains to individuals. The influence of soil contaminants and bone diagenesis on the analysis is significant. The proposed LIBS-NN method has the potential to distinguish distinct individuals in disarticulated or commingled human skeletal assemblages.
JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE-REPORTS
(2021)
