Article
Thermodynamics
Kewei Shi, Xili Duan
Summary: This study experimentally evaluated the anti-icing performance of stainless-steel-based hydrophobic and superhydrophobic surfaces. The results demonstrate that superhydrophobic surfaces can significantly delay water droplet freezing, with the freezing delay time increasing with the static contact angle of water on the surfaces.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Ankush Kumar Jaiswal, Sameer Khandekar
Summary: Spray cooling is an effective method for cooling high heat flux dissipating surfaces. This study investigates the impact of two consecutive droplets on a heated substrate. It is found that the peak heat flux during the impact of the second droplet is significantly lower than that of the first droplet. The study also examines the influence of the We number of the second droplet and the initial substrate temperature on heat transfer.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Tian-Li Bo
Summary: The study found that in dust storms induced by cold fronts, the transport of dust and heat is not dominated by interactions, but rather by ejection and sweep events. Different frequency fluctuations have varying influences on transportation, leading to differences in the direction of movement of dust and heat.
JOURNAL OF WIND ENGINEERING AND INDUSTRIAL AERODYNAMICS
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Changwei Xu, Wen Nie, Huitian Peng, Shaobo Zhang, Fei Liu, Shixing Yi, Xingpeng Cha, Felicie Ilele Mwabaima
Summary: The dust particles generated during coal mining and processing are usually removed by spray dust reduction. The contact wetting and wrapping process of dust particles by droplets were analyzed under different particle size ratios and initial droplet velocities. The results showed that the larger the particle size ratio, the more variation in the spreading coefficient. When the particle size ratio was more than 2, the droplets could completely wrap the coal dust particles. The optimized parameters achieved an average settling efficiency of 86.2% for respirable dust in the mine return air duct.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
M. Minissale, A. Durif, G. Kermouche, M. Richou, L. Gallais
Summary: Understanding the evolution of tungsten under transient heat loads is crucial for ensuring the lifetime of tungsten monoblocks in ITER plasma. Studies on grain growth and damage threshold provide insights into the effects of heat loads on tungsten.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
R. Taranko, K. Wrzesniewski, B. Baran, I Weymann, T. Domanski
Summary: The study of superconducting proximity effects in double quantum dots is affected by initial configurations, particularly causing temporary blockade when the dots are initially singly occupied. Competition between Coulomb interactions and superconducting effects leads to renormalization of quasiparticles, speeding up quantum oscillations and narrowing transient phenomena, with dynamic Andreev blockade pronounced in weak interdot coupling limits. Feasible methods have been proposed for detecting characteristic timescales observable with Andreev spectroscopy.
Article
Thermodynamics
Chuang Zhang, Zhaoli Guo
Summary: This study investigates transient heat propagation in a homogeneous thermal system using the phonon Boltzmann transport equation under the Callaway model. Results show that in quasi-two (three) dimensional simulations, the transient temperature can be lower than the initial temperature in the hydrodynamic regime within a certain time and space range. This phenomenon only occurs when normal scattering dominates heat conduction and distinguishes hydrodynamic phonon transport from (quasi) ballistic phonon transport.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zirui Dong, Yubo Zhang, Jun Luo, Ying Jiang, Zhiyang Yu, Nan Zhao, Liusuo Wu, Yurong Ruan, Fang Zhang, Kai Guo, Jiye Zhang, Wenqing Zhang
Summary: In this study, metallic compounds, TiFexCu2x-1Sb and TiFe1.33Sb, were discovered to exhibit a thermopower exceeding many thermoelectric semiconductors and a dimensionless figure of merit comparable to state-of-the-art thermoelectric materials. The high thermoelectric performance was found to be correlated with the non-Fermi-liquid quantum criticality and magnetic fluctuation.
NPJ COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Bekir Sami Yilbas, Ghassan Hassan, Hussain Al-Qahtani, Abdullah Al-Sharafi, A. Z. Sahin
Summary: This study examined the mechanism of cleaning environmental dust from hydrophobic surfaces using rolling water droplets, analyzing the elemental composition and shapes of dust particles, as well as the solubility of some dust compounds in water. Hydrophobic glass surfaces were treated with functionalized nano-size silica particles, and the process of droplet fluid infusion on dust particle surfaces was monitored. The findings showed that alkaline and alkaline earth metal compounds in dust can dissolve in water, potentially damaging dusty surfaces, while the covering of droplet liquid on dust particles is essential for their removal from hydrophobic surfaces by rolling water droplets.
SURFACES AND INTERFACES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jae-Young Bae, Eun-Ji Gwak, Gyeong-Seok Hwang, Hae Won Hwang, Dong-Ju Lee, Jong-Sung Lee, Young-Chang Joo, Jeong-Yun Sun, Sang Ho Jun, Myoung-Ryul Ok, Ju-Young Kim, Seung-Kyun Kang
Summary: Biodegradable electronics are sustainable disposable devices using fully biodegradable metallic glass film for stretchable and flexible electrodes. They show high elastic strain, enhanced stretchability, and good performance in electronic components and energy harvesting applications.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Piotr Ruszala, Maciej J. Winiarski, Malgorzata Samsel-Czekala, Lan Maria Tran, Michal Babij, Zbigniew Bukowski
Summary: In this study, electrical transport and heat capacity measurements were carried out on single crystals of the tetragonal compound CaIr2Ge2. Analysis of the data, supported by electronic structure calculations, revealed an anisotropic Dirac cone at the Fermi level in the bulk band structure. Despite this feature, the compound exhibited metallic behavior with low Sommerfeld coefficient and non-superconducting properties. The transverse magnetoresistance showed sub-quadratic scaling and small values, attributed to low relaxation time of charge carriers and small electronic mobilities. Additionally, angular magnetoresistance exhibited minimal anisotropy, consistent with weakly anisotropic large 3D Fermi surface sheets predicted by calculations.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Saman Hosseinzadeh, Mojtaba Jahanshahi, Alireza Rahbari, Pegah Molaghan, Qingang Xiong, Shima Vahedi, Sadegh Sadeghi
Summary: This study investigates the transient flame propagation and oscillation phenomenon in the flame speed of porous biochar dust cloud. The results show that the inertia differences between particles and gas, as well as an increase in oxygen concentration, intensify flame oscillation.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Weiqi Tang, Tie Dai, Yueming Cheng, Su Wang, Yuzhi Liu
Summary: In this study, the most severe East Asian dust storm in the past decade is investigated using a weather research and forecasting model and various measurements. The dust emissions from the Gobi Desert, especially over Mongolia, are found to be the dominant sources of this intense dust event. The coarse mode particles have a larger impact on the North China Plain, while the fine particles mostly affect the desert source and nearby regions.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Allen J. Schaen, Blair Schoene, Josef Dufek, Brad S. Singer, Michael P. Eddy, Brian R. Jicha, John M. Cottle
Summary: Studies suggest that in an Andean pluton at a depth of 3 to 7 km with an age of about 7 to 6 million years, U-Pb zircon petrochronology and 40Ar/39Ar thermochronology were used to constrain silicic melt segregation and residual cumulate formation. Through thermo-petrological simulations linked to a zircon saturation model, spatiotemporal melt flux distributions were mapped, with findings indicating that around 50 km(3) of rhyolitic melt was extracted in approximately 130 ka.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Pingan Zhu, Chengmin Chen, Krishnaswamy Nandakumar, Liqiu Wang
Summary: Adding a dimple on super-repellent surfaces can break the symmetries in the law of reflection, allowing for fine tuning of droplet translational velocity in both direction and magnitude. This enables versatile droplet manipulation including trapping, shedding, antigravity transport, targeted positioning, and on-demand coalescence of droplets.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
M. De Angeli, P. Tolias, S. Ratynskaia, D. Ripamonti, L. Vignitchouk, F. Causa, G. Daminelli, B. Esposito, E. Fortuna-Zalesna, F. Ghezzi, L. Laguardia, G. Maddaluno, G. Riva, W. Zielinski
Summary: Post-mortem and in situ evidence is presented in favor of high-velocity solid dust generation during the explosion-like interaction of runaway electrons with metallic plasma-facing components in FTU. The freshly-produced solid dust causes secondary de-localized wall damage through high-velocity impacts, leading to the formation of craters. This mechanism, supported by surface analysis, theoretical arguments, and dust dynamics modeling, may be of importance for ITER and DEMO.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
P. Tolias, M. Komm, S. Ratynskaia, A. Podolnik
Summary: Accurate and efficient modeling of macroscopic melt motion induced by fast transients requires precise description of the emitted current density that escapes to the pre-sheath. By employing systematic particle-in-cell simulations and a comprehensive analytical electron emission model, a highly accurate semi-empirical treatment of the escaping electron current has been achieved.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
L. Vignitchouk, S. Ratynskaia, R. A. Pitts, M. Lehnen
Summary: This study models the dynamics of liquid beryllium flows induced on the ITER first wall during the current quench stage of vertical displacement events. The simulations show that only a small percentage of the melt mass is lost through ejection.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
L. Vignitchouk, K. Paschalidis, S. Ratynskaia, P. Tolias, R. A. Pitts
Summary: The dynamics of remobilized metallic dust in low-power ITER discharges are simulated using the MIGRAINe code. The study investigates the influence of initial and background parameters on high-Z impurity production and long-term in-vessel dust inventory evolution. The results have significance in guiding dust diagnostics operation and complying with nuclear safety restrictions.
PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Panagiotis Tolias
Summary: This article discusses in detail the various idealizations involved in the exact microscopic statistical description of complex (dusty) plasmas. The two prevailing approaches in the Klimontovich description of dusty plasmas are reviewed in a pedagogical manner. The continuous phase space approximation is introduced, where the more rigorous treatment should collapse to the more heuristic treatment. The plasma Klimontovich equations are shown to be identical, but there are marked differences in the dust Klimontovich equations, which are analyzed in depth.
CONTRIBUTIONS TO PLASMA PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Panagiotis Tolias, Tobia Dornheim, Zhandos A. Moldabekov, Jan Vorberger
Summary: Nonlinear density response theory is revisited in the context of a harmonically perturbed finite temperature uniform electron gas. By using quantum kinetic theory calculations, it is found that the higher order nonlinear responses have a profound connection with the linear response in the non-interacting limit. Through careful analysis of the static long wavelength limit, a canonical non-interacting form is proposed, which expresses arbitrary order nonlinear responses as a weighted sum of linear responses evaluated at multiple harmonics. This harmonic expansion is confirmed by ab initio path integral Monte Carlo simulations.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Tobias Dornheim, Panagiotis Tolias, Zhandos A. Moldabekov, Jan Vorberger
Summary: We study the linear response of the uniform electron gas to an external harmonic perturbation, exploring various contributions to the total energy through accurate ab initio path integral Monte Carlo calculations. Our findings provide insights into screening effects, the relative importance of kinetic and potential energies for different wave numbers, and the non-monotonic behavior of the induced change in the interaction energy. The results also support the density stiffness theorem in both linear and nonlinear regimes. All simulation results are freely available and can serve as benchmarks or input for other calculations.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Panagiotis Tolias, Federico Lucco Castello, Tobias Dornheim
Summary: A novel dielectric scheme is proposed for strongly coupled electron liquids beyond the random phase approximation level. The scheme treats electronic correlations using the integral equation theory of classical liquids and is guided by ab initio path integral Monte Carlo simulations. Remarkably, it achieves highly accurate results for the static structure factor without the use of adjustable or empirical parameters, except for the Wigner crystallization vicinity.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Tobias Dornheim, Zhandos A. Moldabekov, Kushal Ramakrishna, Panagiotis Tolias, Andrew D. Baczewski, Dominik Kraus, Thomas R. Preston, David A. Chapman, Maximilian P. Boehme, Tilo Doeppner, Frank Graziani, Michael Bonitz, Attila Cangi, Jan Vorberger
Summary: Matter at extreme temperatures and pressures, known as warm dense matter (WDM), is widely observed in the Universe and has important technological applications. Understanding the electronic density response of WDM is crucial and can be probed using x-ray Thomson scattering experiments. This work provides an overview of recent developments in this field, including theoretical background, numerical simulation techniques, and practical applications.
PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
(2023)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
M. De Angeli, V Rohde, P. Tolias, S. Ratynskaia, F. Brochard, C. Conti, M. Faitsch, B. Kurzan, D. Ripamonti
Summary: Pre-plasma mobilization of magnetic dust is important for future fusion reactors, and a study of magnetic dust in ASDEX Upgrade is reported. The post-mortem collection showed similar composition and morphology compared to other tokamaks, but with a smaller overall amount. The negative detection is discussed in relation to the properties of the dust, mobilizing forces, and magnetic field evolution.
NUCLEAR MATERIALS AND ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Tobias Dornheim, Zhandos A. Moldabekov, Panagiotis Tolias, Maximilian Boehme, Jan Vorberger
Summary: An accurate theoretical description of the dynamic properties of correlated quantum many-body systems, such as the dynamic structure factor S(q, omega), is important in many fields. It is argued that the analytic continuation from the imaginary-time domain to real frequencies is often unnecessary because the physical information is already contained in the density-density correlation function F(q, tau). Key information can be directly extracted from the tau domain, which is relevant for equation-of-state measurements of matter under extreme conditions.
MATTER AND RADIATION AT EXTREMES
(2023)