Review
Physiology
Carol Eunmi Lee
Summary: Studies have shown that organisms are facing rapid changes in salinity worldwide, with ion transporter gene families playing a crucial role in adapting to these changes. Experimental and genomic surveys have revealed evolutionary shifts in gene expression and natural selection during independent salinity transitions, indicating that balancing selection and epistatic interactions among gene families may contribute to freshwater adaptation.
Article
Plant Sciences
Jun-fan Chen, Ying Liu, Tian-yu Zhang, Zheng-fu Zhou, Jin-yong Huang, Ting Zhou, Ying-peng Hua
Summary: This study analyzed the morpho-physiological and transcriptomic responses of wheat seedlings to salt stress, revealing the impact of salt stress on wheat and changes in gene expression. The results provide important insights into the salt tolerance mechanism of wheat and valuable genetic resources for genetic modification.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nadeem Hussain, Abdul Ghaffar, Zafar Ullah Zafar, Muhammad Javed, Kausar Hussain Shah, Sibgha Noreen, Hamid Manzoor, Muhammad Iqbal, Islam Frahat Zaky Hassan, Hussan Bano, Hafiza Saima Gul, Misbah Aamir, Ayesha Khalid, Younas Sohail, Muhammad Ashraf, Habib-ur-Rehman Athar
Summary: The study aimed to select salt-tolerant wheat cultivars and identify novel sources of salt tolerance in local wheat germplasm. After screening, it was found that growth and yield of selected cultivars were reduced under salt stress, but some cultivars showed potential for salt tolerance due to maintenance of K+/Na+ ratio, osmo-protectants, and photosynthetic activity. Further characterization of these cultivars using molecular techniques could help identify genes related to salt exclusion and osmo-protectant, aiding in molecular breeding for salt tolerance in wheat.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Maria Carla Guzzo, Carla Costamagna, Maria Soraya Salloum, Jose Luis Rotundo, Mariela Ines Monteoliva, Celina M. Luna
Summary: The study showed that the drought-tolerant soybean genotype A 5009 RG exhibited higher proline and chlorophyll contents, as well as early activation of the enzymatic antioxidant system under drought stress at the vegetative stage. On the other hand, the sensitive genotype ADM 50048 showed increased malondialdehyde levels and nonenzymatic antioxidant response. Principal component analysis identified proline and chlorophylls as drought tolerance traits in soybean, useful for classifying genotypes according to their responses to drought.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Somayyeh Makhtoum, Hossein Sabouri, Abdollatif Gholizadeh, Leila Ahangar, Mahnaz Katouzi
Summary: In this study, the genomic regions and quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with physiological and morphological traits of barley genotypes under normal salinity and drought conditions were identified. The results indicate the importance of specific barley chromosomes in salinity stress, and several QTLs were found to have pleiotropic effects on multiple traits. Additionally, major-effect QTLs with positive allele effects were characterized for drought conditions. The study has provided valuable insights and potential marker-assisted selection (MAS) candidates for improving salinity tolerance in barley.
