Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Elena Iana, Catalin Boboc, Andreea Gabriela Vlad, Maria Teodora Cosoreanu, Malina Anghel, Anca Andreea Boboc, Andreea Ioan, Mara Ioana Ionescu, Liana Gavriliu, Felicia Galos
Summary: Children with inflammatory bowel disease are more susceptible to Clostridium difficile infection, with ulcerative colitis patients being more affected than Crohn's disease patients. Managing pediatric patients with both IBD and CDI is challenging and requires a multidisciplinary approach. Treatment for underlying IBD may need to be escalated after CDI treatment.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Ryan M. Hanson, Amy J. Wagner
Summary: Severe, complicated Clostridium difficile colitis is rare in pediatric patients and little is known about its medical and surgical management in this population. A case report of a 15-year-old female patient with severe, complicated C difficile colitis successfully treated with diverting loop ileostomy and colonic lavage is presented. This approach, instead of subtotal colectomy and end ileostomy, should be considered as an alternative for pediatric patients with severe, complicated C difficile colitis.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Tamara Alhobayb, Matthew A. Ciorba
Summary: This review provides a comprehensive overview of the epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of symptomatic Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. CDI can complicate IBD management and lead to disease flares, recurrent episodes, and prolonged hospital stays. Prompt diagnosis and treatment, as well as prevention strategies, are crucial in managing CDI in IBD patients.
CURRENT OPINION IN GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Mei Bai, Hong Guo, Xiao-Yao Zheng
Summary: This paper summarizes and presents the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestation, prevention, and therapy of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Si Yu, Xiaomeng Ge, Hui Xu, Bei Tan, Bowen Tian, Yujie Shi, Yimin Dai, Yue Li, Songnian Hu, Jiaming Qian
Summary: This study aimed to assess the gut microbiome and mycobiome in IBD patients with CDI. The results showed that IBD patients with CDI had decreased bacterial alpha diversity and significant differences in bacterial and fungal beta diversity compared to healthy individuals and IBD patients without CDI. Specific bacterial and fungal taxa were overrepresented in IBD patients with CDI. These findings provide insights into the pathological process and potential strategies for diagnosis and treatment in this subset of patients.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Jacob R. Sweeney, Carl Crawford, Rhonda K. Yantiss
Summary: Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at increased risk for Clostridioides difficile infection, although clinically important infections can be difficult to recognise. This study found that patients with C. difficile infection have symptoms and endoscopic findings that are indistinguishable from active IBD.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Andree H. Koop, Paul M. Travers, Sahil Khanna, Darrell S. Pardi, Francis A. Farraye, Jana G. Hashash
Summary: This study evaluated the effectiveness of fidaxomicin in patients with inflammatory bowel disease and Clostridioides difficile infection. The results showed that 60.6% of patients responded to fidaxomicin treatment, and fecal microbiota transplantation was an effective therapy for non-responders.
JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Kanika Sehgal, Devvrat Yadav, Sahil Khanna
Summary: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is commonly associated with Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI), leading to exacerbation of IBD symptoms. CDI pathophysiology involves gut microbiota disturbances, making IBD patients at risk even without antibiotic exposure. Prompt diagnosis of CDI in IBD patients is crucial for appropriate management to prevent adverse outcomes. Vancomycin and fidaxomicin are first-line treatments for CDI in IBD, with microbiota restoration therapies effective in preventing recurrence. Individualized management of immunosuppression in IBD patients with CDI is recommended based on clinical assessment. This review covers the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management principles for CDI in IBD patients.
THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Pediatrics
Sheng-Bo Fang, Yan-Qing Song, Chun-Yan Zhang, Li-Bo Wang
Summary: 5-ASA use and active disease may be risk factors associated with CDI in children and adolescents with IBD. Studies conducted outside the USA showed significantly higher CDI rates. The bowel surgery rates associated with CDI in IBD patients varied greatly.
WORLD JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Puo-Hsien Le, Cheng-Tang Chiu, Pai-Jui Yeh, Yu-Bin Pan, Cheng-Hsun Chiu
Summary: This study retrospectively evaluated the role of Clostridium innocuum (CI) infection in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The results showed that CI infection may lead to poorer clinical remission in ulcerative colitis, which should be considered in the treatment approach.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2022)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Yanghua Liu, Kal Alnababtah, Simon Cook, Ying Yu
Summary: The study found that healthcare providers have relatively low knowledge of FMT, with main concerns being lack of clinical evidence and infection transmission. However, as knowledge increases, willingness to recommend FMT also increases. Strengthening FMT clinical efficacy and reducing infection can enhance its public acceptance, application, and popularity. Further research is required to explore the donor screening procedure.
THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Pediatrics
Marleen Bouhuys, Willem S. Lexmond, Patrick F. van Rheenen
Summary: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are chronic, immune-mediated disorders that include Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Pediatric onset of the disease occurs in about 10% of cases. The management of pediatric IBD has evolved, with anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy being used upfront for patients at high risk for complications. Biochemical or endoscopic remission is the therapeutic goal, and pediatric IBD comes with unique challenges such as growth impairment and psychological issues. General pediatricians play a crucial role in integrating these challenges in the clinical care of patients with IBD and optimizing their outcomes.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Abdulaziz Saad Alshahrani, Danah Mohammad, Mohammad Attieh Alzahrani, Neeraj Narula
Summary: This retrospective cohort study compared the risk of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients using vedolizumab with those using other therapies and found no increased risk. Risk factors for CDI in IBD patients included smoking, older age, and immunomodulator therapy. Clinicians should be aware of the risk factors and have a high degree of suspicion for CDI in IBD patients presenting with diarrhea.
SAUDI PHARMACEUTICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jessica R. Allegretti, Colleen R. Kelly, Ari Grinspan, Benjamin H. Mullish, Jonathan Hurtado, Madeline Carrellas, Jenna Marcus, Julian R. Marchesi, Julie A. K. McDonald, Ylaine Gerardin, Michael Silverstein, Alexandros Pechlivanis, Grace F. Barker, Jesus Miguens Blanco, James L. Alexander, Kate Gallagher, Will Pettee, Emmalee Phelps, Sara Nemes, Sashidhar Sagi, Matthew Bohm, Zain Kassam, Monika Fischer
Summary: This study explored the use of FMT in patients with IBD-CDI and found that it may lead to improvements in IBD outcomes among patients with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. The study suggests that FMT could be a potential treatment option for these patients with recurrent CDI.
INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES
(2021)
Review
Pediatrics
So Yoon Choi, Ben Kang
Summary: The introduction of biological agents, particularly anti-TNF agents, has significantly improved the long-term prognosis of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In pediatric populations, only two biological agents, infliximab (IFX) and adalimumab (ADL), have been approved for use. ADL has shown efficacy in achieving mucosal healing (MH) and histological remission in both naive patients and those who have previously received biologic treatment. Therapeutic drug monitoring may further enhance the effectiveness of ADL treatment and reduce treatment failure.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Susan A. Tuddenham, Wei Li A. Koay, Ni Zhao, James R. White, Khalil G. Ghanem, Cynthia L. Sears
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2020)
Correction
Oncology
Kellie N. Smith, Nicolas J. Llosa, Tricia R. Cottrell, Nicholas Siegel, Hongni Fan, Prerna Suri, Hok Yee Chan, Haidan Guo, Teniola Oke, Anas H. Awan, Franco Verde, Ludmila Danilova, Valsamo Anagnostou, Ada J. Tam, Brandon S. Luber, Bjarne R. Bartlett, Laveet K. Aulakh, John-William Sidhom, Qingfeng Zhu, Cynthia L. Sears, Leslie Cope, William H. Sharfman, Elizabeth D. Thompson, Joanne Riemer, Kristen A. Marrone, Jarushka Naidoo, Victor E. Velculescu, Patrick M. Forde, Bert Vogelstein, Kenneth W. Kinzler, Nickolas Papadopoulos, Jennifer N. Durham, Hao Wang, Dung T. Le, Sune Justesen, Janis M. Taube, Luis A. Diaz, Julie R. Brahmer, Drew M. Pardoll, Robert A. Anders, Franck Housseau
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2019)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Clare J. Lee, Cynthia L. Sears, Nisa Maruthur
ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Joanna M. P. Melia, Ruxian Lin, Ramnik J. Xavier, Richard B. Thompson, Dax Fu, Fengyi Wan, Cynthia L. Sears, Mark Donowitz
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2019)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Susan Tuddenham, Wei Li Koay, Cynthia Sears
DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES
(2020)
Review
Immunology
Jada C. Domingue, Julia L. Drewes, Christian A. Merlo, Franck Housseau, Cynthia L. Sears
MUCOSAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jessica Queen, Jiajia Zhang, Cynthia L. Sears
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Mary C. Macedonia, Julia L. Drewes, Nicholas O. Markham, Alan J. Simmons, Joseph T. Roland, Paige N. Vega, Cherie' R. Scurrah, Robert J. Coffey, Martha J. Shrubsole, Cynthia L. Sears, Ken S. Lau
NPJ BIOFILMS AND MICROBIOMES
(2020)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Jiajia Zhang, Cynthia L. Sears
JNCI-JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Yue Liu, Kai Fu, Eric M. Wier, Yifan Lei, Andrea Hodgson, Dongqing Xu, Xue Xia, Dandan Zheng, Hua Ding, Cynthia L. Sears, Jian Yang, Fengyi Wan
Summary: This study identified a novel genotoxin called UshA in attaching/effacing pathogens, which triggers DNA damage and initiates tumorigenic transformation during bacterial infections. Furthermore, it was found that UshA plays a critical role in accelerating colon tumorigenesis in mice. These findings highlight the importance of UshA in the development of colon cancer caused by bacterial infections.
Review
Oncology
Reece J. Knippel, Julia L. Drewes, Cynthia L. Sears
Summary: This review focuses on recent investigations to identify potential microbial species associated with cancer initiation and progression at specific body sites. Emerging experimental and translational data support the microbiome's contribution to cancer biology and disease progression, suggesting that disrupting microbiome features and pathways could lead to new approaches for improving cancer outcomes in patients.
Review
Microbiology
Maxwell T. White, Cynthia L. Sears
Summary: This review discusses the significant role of the gut microbiota in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC) and the mechanisms by which specific microorganisms and complex microbial communities contribute to CRC pathogenesis. Despite advancements in understanding the microbiota-CRC relationship, there are substantial gaps in current research that need to be addressed.
NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Jessica Queen, Fyza Shaikh, Cynthia L. Sears
Summary: Sears and colleagues present the latest advances in understanding the relationship between the microbiome and cancer, and discuss potential applications of this knowledge in cancer therapy. The interactions between the microbiota and cancer, as well as the underlying mechanisms, are an exciting and rapidly evolving field in cancer biology and therapeutics. The authors highlight the role of specific bacteria or their communities in carcinogenesis, and emphasize the bidirectional interplay between the microbiota and host gene or epigenome signaling. They also discuss the potential therapeutic manipulation of the microbiota in cancer patients.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Julia L. Drewes, Alina Corona, Uriel Sanchez, Yunfan Fan, Suchitra K. Hourigan, Melissa Weidner, Sarah D. Sidhu, Patricia J. Simner, Hao Wang, Winston Timp, Maria Oliva-Hemker, Cynthia L. Sears
Meeting Abstract
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Samara Rifkin, Julia L. Drewes, Madison McMann, June L. Chan, Emma Spence, Louis Levine, Courtney Stevens, Joell J. Gills, Pamela Schearer, Stacy Gerhart, Amy L. Schiller, Karin Donato, Dimitrios Bourdas, Brandon Ellis, Patricia Simner, Karen Carroll, David Kafonek, David Cromwell, Marshall Bedine, Gerard Mullin, Eduardo Gonzalez-Velez, Hazel Marie Galon Veloso, Louis La Luna, Linda Hylind, Francis Giardiello, Cynthia L. Sears
