Article
Cell Biology
Steven Rodriguez, Asli Sahin, Benjamin R. Schrank, Hawra Al-Lawati, Isabel Costantino, Eric Benz, Darian Fard, Alefiya D. Albers, Luxiang Cao, Alexis C. Gomez, Kyle Evans, Elena Ratti, Merit Cudkowicz, Matthew P. Frosch, Michael Talkowski, Peter K. Sorger, Bradley T. Hyman, Mark W. Albers
Summary: The study discovered the presence of cdsRNA in the brains of ALS-FTD patients, coinciding with TDP-43 inclusions and inducing IFN-I signaling and cell death. Mouse experiments showed that genomically encoded dsRNA triggered IFN-I and death in connected neurons, potentially driving neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in ALS/FTD patients.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Paul Manoukian, Maarten Bijlsma, Hanneke van Laarhoven
Summary: Pancreatic tumors are characterized by abundant and highly desmoplastic stroma, with cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) playing a crucial role in tumor development and architecture. However, the heterogeneity in CAF populations and the exact sources and functions of different CAF phenotypes remain to be fully understood. Understanding the roles of different subsets of CAFs within the stroma and the cellular dynamics that contribute to heterogeneity may be essential for developing novel therapies to improve clinical outcomes.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
H. Singh, J. A. Hanna
Summary: The paper discusses the balance of pseudomomentum in various contexts such as simple elasticity, ideal fluids, and mechanics of inextensible rods and sheets, presenting a general framework for simultaneous variation of an action with respect to position, time, and material labels. It is shown that pseudomomentum balance in ideal fluids implies conservation of vorticity, circulation, and helicity, with mathematical similarities noted between circulation evaluation and fracture mechanics. Integration of the pseudomomentum balance directly provides a propulsive force for passive reconfiguration or locomotion of confined, inhomogeneous elastic rods.
ZEITSCHRIFT FUR ANGEWANDTE MATHEMATIK UND PHYSIK
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jonathan G. Kwok, Zhi Yuan, Paramjit S. Arora
Summary: RNA folds into diverse secondary and tertiary structures, making it difficult to develop ligands that can specifically target it. In this study, the researchers aimed to develop ligands for dsRNA segments by analyzing high-resolution structures of DNA and RNA. They found that the helical motifs in bZIP/bHLH proteins were not ideal for binding dsRNA major grooves. Through reengineering the leucine zipper motifs with synthetic crosslinkers, they successfully designed a synthetic crosslinked helix fork (CHF) as a proteomimetic scaffold for targeting dsRNA.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Mathias Pessiglione, Roeland Heerema, Jean Daunizeau, Fabien Vinckier
Summary: A stable and neutral mood is recommended for rational decisions and avoiding mental illnesses, but we suggest that a flexible mood responsive to life events may be more adaptive for natural selection. Our model, named MAGNETO, demonstrates that flexible agents outperform cold agents, particularly in environments with correlated rewards and costs across seasons.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chao Ye, Xiu-Shan Hu, Zheng-Wu Wang, Dong Wei, Guy Smagghe, Olivier Christiaens, Jinzhi Niu, Jin-Jun Wang
Summary: The study demonstrated that clathrin-dependent endocytosis is the key mechanism for aphids to uptake dsRNA, with the core genes of RNAi playing crucial roles in this process.
INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Biology
Carsten K. W. De Dreu, Zegni Triki
Summary: Intergroup conflict and warfare are not limited to humans but are also observed in various group-living species. This theme issue provides novel insights into intergroup conflict across taxa, integrating theory, research, and review from biology, anthropology, and economics. It presents a coherent framework of intergroup conflict as multi-level games of strategy, exploring mechanisms and consequences of participating in intergroup conflict. Additionally, it highlights cutting-edge contributions on within-group heterogeneities, leadership, social organization, and the effects of climate change and environmental degradation on intergroup relations.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Virology
Timothy W. Thoner, Xiang Ye, John Karijolich, Kristen M. Ogden
Summary: The study found that reovirus particles exclusively packaged viral RNA segments, while top component particles contained both viral RNA segments and numerous host RNA species. The selection of host RNA was not dependent on RNA abundance in the cell and varied for different reovirus strains.
Article
Biology
Jacob T. Polaski, Dylan B. Udy, Luisa F. Escobar-Hoyos, Gokce Askan, Steven D. Leach, Andrea Ventura, Ram Kannan, Robert K. Bradley
Summary: UPF1 mutations are not major functional drivers of PASC, and do not significantly affect pancreatic cancer growth and acquisition of adenosquamous features. Some reported UPF1 mutations may be existing genetic variants in the human population.
Article
Anthropology
Glynis Jones, Thomas Kluyver, Catherine Preece, Jennifer Swarbrick, Emily Forster, Michael Wallace, Michael Charles, Mark Rees, Colin P. Osborne
Summary: The synthesis of a large programme of plant ecological research suggests that ecological processes and unintended consequences of human actions may have played a significant role in the emergence of agriculture in western Asia, potentially more so than previously thought. The coevolutionary mechanisms between humans and plants could have been a key factor in the transition from hunter-gatherer societies to agricultural way of life.
JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Editorial Material
Environmental Studies
Sarah L. Nash, Diarmuid Torney, Simon Matti
Summary: Framework legislation on climate change is becoming more mature, with more countries passing similar laws. Understanding the origins, operations, and impacts of these laws can provide insights for future academic research and policy-making.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Kun Dai, Yang Xu, Yang Yang, Jianfeng Shen, Xiaoguo Liu, Xinyi Tu, Lu Yu, Xiaodong Qi, Jiang Li, Lihua Wang, Xiaolei Zuo, Yingbin Liu, Hao Yan, Chunhai Fan, Guangbao Yao
Summary: This study utilizes single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) origami as ligands for nucleic acid-sensing receptors, achieving improved stability, targeting, and immunogenicity prediction. The ssRNA self-folds into compact nanoparticles with defined shapes and exhibits resistance against degradation in cells. It can activate macrophages and neutrophils in the tumor microenvironment, leading to anti-tumoral immune response and tumor growth retardation in a mouse model. This ssRNA origami strategy provides a new solution for ligand design and biomedical applications of nucleic acid sensors.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Bruna L. Maske, Dao P. De Carvalho Neto, Gabriela B. da Silva, Juliano De Dea Lindner, Carlos R. Soccol, Gilberto V. de Melo Pereira
Summary: The discovery that yeasts are natural hosts for viruses in the 70s led to research into yeast virology, particularly the killer yeast system. These viral sequences encode toxins that affect microbial communities and ecosystem functions in fermentation. New viral groups and beneficial ecological functions have been revealed through next-generation sequencing and food viromes studies.
CURRENT OPINION IN FOOD SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Sebastian Omar Siri, Julieta Martino, Vanesa Gottifredi
Summary: Chromosome instability (CIN) involves increased numerical and structural changes in chromosomes, playing a pivotal role in tumor progression and potential therapeutic targeting. The review delves into the origins of structural CIN, cellular mechanisms, relationships between different CIN phenotypes, and the consequences of structural CIN in cells. The discussion also explores strategies to either prevent or amplify CIN for tumor treatment.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Chen Shi, Olga Panasenco, Marco Velli, Anna Tenerani, Jaye L. Verniero, Nikos Sioulas, Zesen Huang, A. Brosius, Stuart D. Bale, Kristopher Klein, Justin Kasper, Thierry Dudok de Wit, Keith Goetz, Peter R. Harvey, Robert J. MacDowall, David M. Malaspina, Marc Pulupa, Davin Larson, Roberto Livi, Anthony Case, Michael Stevens
Summary: Parker Solar Probe has found that the solar wind in the inner heliosphere is characterized by magnetic switchbacks, which occur in patches. The temporal modulation of switchback patches may be related to the breathing of emerging flux on the Sun.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2022)