Article
Virology
Elizabeth Ramirez-Medina, Elizabeth Vuono, Ayushi Rai, Sarah Pruitt, Nallely Espinoza, Lauro Velazquez-Salinas, Sonia Pina-Pedrero, James Zhu, Fernando Rodriguez, Manuel Borca, Douglas P. Gladue
Summary: African swine fever (ASF) is a major pandemic affecting the swine industry and no commercial vaccines are available. This study shows that deletion of the E184L gene from the ASFV-G can reduce the virus virulence and animals surviving the infection with ASFV-G-Delta E184L are protected from developing ASF after challenge. These results support the potential use of the E184L deletion for the development of vaccines able to differentiate infected from vaccinated animals (DIVA).
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Elizabeth Vuono, Elizabeth Ramirez-Medina, Ediane Silva, Ayushi Rai, Sarah Pruitt, Nallely Espinoza, Alyssa Valladares, Lauro Velazquez-Salinas, Douglas P. Gladue, Manuel V. Borca
Summary: Currently, there is no commercial vaccine available to prevent African swine fever (ASF). However, the deletion of the H108R gene from the ASFV-G genome can significantly reduce the virulence of the virus in domestic swine. Animals infected with a recombinant virus, ASFV-G-Delta H108R, which lacks the H108R gene, are protected against the virulent ASFV-G strain.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Elizabeth Ramirez-Medina, Elisabeth A. Vuono, Sarah Pruitt, Ayushi Rai, Nallely Espinoza, Edward Spinard, Alyssa Valladares, Ediane Silva, Lauro Velazquez-Salinas, Manuel V. Borca, Douglas P. Gladue
Summary: A recombinant virus with a deleted QP509L gene in the highly virulent ASFV Georgia 2010 has been developed and shown to replicate efficiently in swine macrophages. Experimental inoculation of pigs with this recombinant virus resulted in slightly prolonged but lethal clinical disease, indicating that QP509L gene is not critical for virus replication in swine macrophages and may not play a clear role in virus replication and virulence in domestic pigs.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Carmina Gallardo, Alejandro Soler, Imbi Nurmoja, Cristina Cano-Gomez, Svetlana Cvetkova, Maciej Frant, Grzegorz Wozniakowski, Alicia Simon, Covadonga Perez, Raquel Nieto, Marisa Arias
Summary: The Polish ASFV caused rapidly developing fatal acute disease, while the Estonian ASFV caused acute to sub-acute infections with two animal survivors. In contrast, infection with the Latvian ASFV resulted in a more subtle or even subclinical disease.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Virology
Elizabeth A. Vuono, Elizabeth Ramirez-Medina, Sarah Pruitt, Ayushi Rai, Nallely Espinoza, Edward Spinard, Alyssa Valladares, Ediane Silva, Lauro Velazquez-Salinas, Manuel Borca, Douglas P. Gladue
Summary: The African swine fever virus is causing a pandemic in pig production across Eurasia, leading to food shortage. A study on a specific gene of the virus showed that it is not essential for virus replication or disease production in domestic pigs.
Article
Virology
Elizabeth A. Vuono, Elizabeth Ramirez-Medina, Sarah Pruitt, Ayushi Rai, Nallely Espinoza, Ediane Silva, Lauro Velazquez-Salinas, Douglas P. Gladue, Manuel Borca
Summary: This study reports an important finding that the E165R gene in ASFV is not essential or important for replication in swine macrophages and disease production in domestic pigs.
Article
Immunology
Estefania Cadenas-Fernandez, Jose M. Sanchez-Vizcaino, Erwin van den Born, Aleksandra Kosowska, Emma van Kilsdonk, Paloma Fernandez-Pacheco, Carmina Gallardo, Marisa Arias, Jose A. Barasona
Summary: The study aimed to test an inactivated ASFV preparation under a vaccination strategy that had not been previously tested, but the results showed that combining factors such as adjuvants, dosage, and routes of administration did not improve its protective effect, suggesting that an inactivated virus strategy may not be a viable vaccine option to fight ASF.
Article
Virology
Elizabeth Ramirez-Medina, Ayushi Rai, Nallely Espinoza, Alyssa Valladares, Ediane Silva, Lauro Velazquez-Salinas, Manuel V. Borca, Douglas P. Gladue
Summary: African swine fever (ASF) is a highly contagious disease affecting wild and domestic swine. Deletion of the ASFV gene H240R from the genome of the virus led to a decrease in virulence when tested on domestic swine. The recombinant virus ASFV-G-Delta H240R showed reduced fatality rates and virus titers compared to the virulent parental virus ASFV-G.
Article
Virology
Elizabeth Ramirez-Medina, Elizabeth Vuono, Ediane Silva, Ayushi Rai, Alyssa Valladares, Sarah Pruitt, Nallely Espinoza, Lauro Velazquez-Salinas, Manuel Borca, Douglas P. Gladue
Summary: Currently, there are no commercial vaccines available to prevent or control the spread of African swine fever (ASF). The only effective experimental vaccines against ASF are live-attenuated vaccines. This study identifies that the deletion of the MGF110-5L-6L gene can enable differentiation between infected and vaccinated animals, but reduces the effectiveness of the vaccine candidate ASFV-G-Delta I177L.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Douglas P. Gladue, Elizabeth Ramirez-Medina, Elizabeth Vuono, Ediane Silva, Ayushi Rai, Sarah Pruitt, Nallely Espinoza, Lauro Velazquez-Salinas, Manuel Borca
Summary: African swine fever virus (ASFV) is causing a devastating pandemic in swine industry from Central Europe to East Asia. A recombinant virus lacking the ASFV gene A137R, ASFV-G-Delta A137R, has been developed as a potential live attenuated vaccine candidate, showing significant virulence attenuation in swine and protective efficacy against the virulent parental virus. The ASFV-G-Delta A137R vaccine strain demonstrated the potential to protect pigs from the highly virulent ASFV Georgia isolate.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Johanneke D. Hemmink, Hussein M. Abkallo, Sonal P. Henson, Emmanuel M. Khazalwa, Bernard Oduor, Anna Lacasta, Edward Okoth, Victor Riitho, Walter Fuchs, Richard P. Bishop, Lucilla Steinaa
Summary: This study characterized an African swine fever genotype IX virus and evaluated its replication efficiency, in vivo virulence, genome stability, and virulence. The wild boar lung cell line was found to be suitable for producing live-attenuated ASFV vaccine candidates based on this virus.
Review
Biology
Zhaoyao Li, Wenxian Chen, Zilong Qiu, Yuwan Li, Jindai Fan, Keke Wu, Xiaowen Li, Mingqiu Zhao, Hongxing Ding, Shuangqi Fan, Jinding Chen
Summary: African swine fever is a highly fatal viral disease in domestic pigs and wild boars, impacting pig-raising countries and pork trade. Safe and effective vaccines are urgently needed to control outbreaks. Understanding the structure, function, immune response, and diagnosis of the ASF virus is crucial for vaccine development.
Article
Virology
Yanyan Zhang, Junnan Ke, Jingyuan Zhang, Jinjin Yang, Huixian Yue, Xintao Zhou, Yu Qi, Rongnian Zhu, Faming Miao, Qian Li, Fei Zhang, Ying Wang, Xun Han, Lijuan Mi, Jinmei Yang, Shoufeng Zhang, Teng Chen, Rongliang Hu
Summary: African swine fever (ASF) is a severe infectious disease in pigs caused by ASFV, with no commercial vaccine available. A new vaccine candidate named SY18DI226R has been identified, showing promising results in eliciting immunity to virulent ASFV infection in pigs.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Elizabeth Ramirez-Medina, Lauro Velazquez-Salinas, Ayushi Rai, Nallely Espinoza, Alyssa Valladares, Ediane Silva, Leeanna Burton, Edward Spinard, Amanda Meyers, Guillermo Risatti, Sten Calvelage, Sandra Blome, Douglas P. Gladue, Manuel V. Borca
Summary: The deletion of the O174L gene does not significantly affect virus replication and disease production in African swine fever virus.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Shuchao Wang, Jingyuan Zhang, Yanyan Zhang, Jinjin Yang, Lidong Wang, Yu Qi, Xun Han, Xintao Zhou, Faming Miao, Teng Chen, Ying Wang, Fei Zhang, Shoufeng Zhang, Rongliang Hu
Summary: African swine fever, caused by ASFV, is a highly contagious hemorrhagic disease in domestic pigs. The lack of effective vaccine development is largely due to gaps in knowledge regarding pathogenesis and immunology, specifically the role of cytokines in the host's immune response. Increased understanding of cytokine dynamics during ASFV infection could provide insights into developing potential therapeutic interventions.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
