Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hana Malinska, Martina Huttl, Denisa Miklankova, Jaroslava Trnovska, Iveta Zapletalova, Martin Poruba, Irena Markova
Summary: Ovarian hormone deficiency contributes to weight gain, fat accumulation, and metabolic disorders. Ovariectomy in rats resulted in changes in lipid and glucose metabolism, including alterations in CYP proteins and decreased metabolic activity in brown adipose tissue. These findings suggest potential mechanisms underlying hepatic steatosis and postmenopausal metabolic disturbances.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Hui Zhou, Xiyan Liao, Qin Zeng, Haowei Zhang, Jianfeng Song, Wanyu Hu, Xiaoxiao Sun, Yujin Ding, Dandan Wang, Yalun Xiao, Tuo Deng
Summary: Accumulation and activation of immunocytes in adipose tissues are important in obesity-induced inflammation and insulin resistance. Chemokines, especially CCL5, play a crucial role in recruiting immunocytes to adipose tissue during obesity. CCL5 deficiency exacerbates adipose inflammation and impairs insulin sensitivity in obese mice. This study provides insights into the role of CCL5 in obesity-induced adipose inflammation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Shuo Li, Jinming You, Zirui Wang, Yue Liu, Bo Wang, Min Du, Tiande Zou
Summary: The study showed that curcumin can alleviate hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance in high-fat diet-fed obese mice by modulating gut microbiota composition and metabolites.
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Laxmi Sen Thakuri, Chul Min Park, Hyeon-A Kim, Hyung Jung Kim, Jin Woo Park, Jong Cheol Park, Dong Young Rhyu
Summary: Red seaweed has a long history in traditional Asian medicine and has been used to address various conditions. This study investigated the effects of a specific red seaweed extract on liver injury and lipid and glucose dysregulation, finding promising results.
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Xiyue Shen, Kai Luo, Juntao Yuan, Junling Gao, Bingqing Cui, Zhuoran Yu, Zhongbing Lu
Summary: DDAH1 is an important regulator of ADMA levels in NAFLD patients and plays a role in the development of NAFLD. Knockout of hepatic Ddah1 exacerbates liver steatosis and insulin resistance, while overexpression of DDAH1 attenuates NAFLD in mice. DDAH1 affects NF-KB signaling, lipid metabolism, and immune system processes in fatty livers, and reduces S100A11 expression via NF-KB, JNK, and oxidative stress-dependent manner. Strategies to increase DDAH1 activity or decrease S100A11 expression could be potential therapies for NAFLD.
ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA B
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Charlotte J. Green, Thomas Marjot, John Walsby-Tickle, Catriona Charlton, Thomas Cornfield, Felix Westcott, Katherine E. Pinnick, Ahmad Moolla, Jonathan M. Hazlehurst, James McCullagh, Jeremy W. Tomlinson, Leanne Hodson
Summary: Metformin effectively reduces body weight and improves insulin sensitivity in the treatment of type 2 diabetes, but does not significantly reduce intrahepatic triglyceride content or increase fatty acid oxidation. The treatment does lead to changes in VLDL-triglyceride concentrations and the contribution of de novo lipogenesis-derived fatty acids to VLDL-TG.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Zhaohua Cai, Yijie Huang, Ben He
Summary: Obesity is a global epidemic associated with chronic low-grade inflammation. Macrophages play a crucial role in obesity-associated inflammation. Recent research has provided insights into the diverse roles of adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) in obesity and comorbidities. This review summarizes the characterization of different subpopulations of ATMs in obesity, the extensive crosstalk between adipocytes and ATMs, and the extended crosstalk within adipose tissue between perivascular mesenchymal cells and ATMs.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alejandro Hinojosa-Moscoso, Anna Motger-Alberti, Elena De la Calle-Vargas, Marian Marti-Navas, Carles Biarnes, Maria Arnoriaga-Rodriguez, Gerard Blasco, Josep Puig, Diego Luque-Cordoba, Feliciano Priego-Capote, Jose Maria Moreno-Navarrete, Jose Manuel Fernandez-Real
Summary: Excess iron is associated with dysfunction in adipose tissue and insulin resistance. In this study, it was found that markers of iron status were linked to changes in abdominal adipose tissue over one year. These associations were mainly observed in women and non-obese subjects, and were independent of insulin sensitivity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Bulbul Ahmed, Rifat Sultana, Michael W. Greene
Summary: This review discusses the potential mechanisms behind obesity-associated insulin resistance, such as dysfunctional adipose tissue, excessive release of free fatty acids, and the impact of lipotoxicity on cellular dysfunction leading to systemic inflammation and disruption of the insulin signaling pathway. It highlights that hepatic insulin resistance is the primary event that triggers peripheral tissue insulin resistance.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sergio Quesada-Vazquez, Marina Colom-Pellicer, Elia Navarro-Masip, Gerard Aragones, Josep M. Del Bas, Antoni Caimari, Xavier Escote
Summary: The specific combination of metabolic cofactors containing precursors of glutathione and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide was shown to be an effective treatment for NAFLD/NASH, leading to improvements in liver steatosis, liver injury, inflammation, fibrosis, and insulin sensitivity in animal models. Supplementation with this combination could potentially be an efficient therapy against NAFLD in humans.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ruimin Liu, Yinying Han, Chenglong Huang, Mengqian Hou, Rui Cheng, Shujin Wang, Xi Li, Jie Tian
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the potential roles of adipokine chemerin on high fat-induced cardiac dysfunction. Chemerin supplementation reversed the lipid-induced abnormalities in lipid-overload cardiomyocytes. Adipocyte-derived chemerin might function as an endogenous cardioprotective factor against obese-related cardiomyopathy.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Rodrigo Martins Pereira, Kellen Cristina da Cruz Rodrigues, Marcella Ramos Sant'Ana, Guilherme Francisco Peruca, Chadi Pellegrini Anaruma, Thais Dantis Pereira de Campos, Raphael dos Santos Canciglieri, Diego Gomes de Melo, Fernando Moreira Simabuco, Adelino Sanchez Ramos da Silva, Dennys Esper Cintra, Eduardo Rochete Ropelle, Jose Rodrigo Pauli, Leandro Pereira de Moura
Summary: The study showed that short-term combined training can reduce glucose levels and fatty liver, improve hepatic insulin sensitivity, and reduce complications caused by fatty liver.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Guangzhen He, Jiaowei Gu, Huawei Wang, Siyuan Cheng, Qing Xiong, Mengting Ke, Yong Hu, Jieyuan Feng, Linyang Song, Zheng Liu, Yancheng Xu
Summary: This study investigated the role of Nr2e1 expression in adipose tissues of obese mice and its impact on insulin resistance and chronic inflammation. The findings suggest that upregulation of Nr2e1 may contribute to increased inflammation and insulin resistance in obesity. Deletion of Nr2e1 resulted in lower body weight and fat mass in obese mice, but also led to heightened inflammatory cytokine secretion and impaired insulin sensitivity. Further research revealed that Nr2e1 deletion affected the expression of insulin signaling molecules and NF kappa B pathway-related factors in visceral adipose tissues. Nr2e1 may serve as a potential target for improving insulin sensitivity and inflammation in obesity.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Akiko Nakamoto, Natsuko Ohashi, Lucia Sugawara, Katsutaro Morino, Shogo Ida, Rachel J. Perry, Ikki Sakuma, Tsuyoshi Yanagimachi, Yukihiro Fujita, Satoshi Ugi, Shinji Kume, Gerald I. Shulman, Hiroshi Maegawa
Summary: O-GlcNAcylation in adipose tissue plays a crucial role in healthy fat expansion and regulation of lipogenesis and fatty acid efflux, affecting body weight gain and obesity.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Cristina C. Clement, Jaspreet Osan, Aitziber Buque, Padma P. Nanaware, Yoke-Chen Chang, Giorgio Perino, Madhur Shetty, Takahiro Yamazaki, Wanxia Li Tsai, Aleksandra M. Urbanska, J. Mauricio Calvo-Calle, Shakti Ramsamooj, Diego Vergani, Giorgina Mieli-Vergani, Benedetta Terziroli Beretta-Piccoli, Massimo Gadina, Cristina Montagna, Marcus DaSilva Goncalves, Federica Sallusto, Lorenzo Galluzzi, Rajesh K. Soni, Lawrence J. Stern, Laura Santambrogio
Summary: A diet rich in saturated fat and carbohydrates can cause chronic inflammation in the liver and other organs, leading to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. This study found that lipotoxicity and glucotoxicity induced by a high-fat and high-fructose diet can promote abnormal immune reactions to PDIA3 in the liver, resulting in liver damage.
SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Christoph C. Kaufmann, Amro Ahmed, Mona Kassem, Matthias K. Freynhofer, Bernhard Jaeger, Gabriele Aicher, Susanne Equiluz-Bruck, Alexander O. Spiel, Florian Vafai-Tabrizi, Michael Gschwantler, Peter Fasching, Johann Wojta, Evangelos Giannitsis, Kurt Huber
Summary: This study investigated the association of copeptin and hs-cTnI levels in COVID-19 patients with the primary endpoint of ICU admission or 28-day mortality, showing that elevated levels of these biomarkers are significantly associated with adverse outcomes.
CLINICAL RESEARCH IN CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eva van Ingen, Daphne A. L. van den Homberg, M. Leontien van der Bent, Hailiang Mei, Nikolina Papac-Milicevic, Veerle Kremer, Reinier A. Boon, Paul H. A. Quax, Johann Wojta, A. Yael Nossent
Summary: This study aimed to elucidate the function and mechanism of DLK1-DIO3 snoRNAs associated with cardiovascular disease. Through overexpression or inhibition of AF357425 in murine fibroblasts, the researchers found that these snoRNAs regulate pre-mRNA processing and protein expression. Additionally, they identified methylation modifications in integrin pathway genes using RNA-Seq, and observed decreased methylation and expression under SNORD113-6 inhibition in both mouse and human fibroblasts.
HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Patrick Haider, Timothy Hoberstorfer, Manuel Salzmann, Michael B. Fischer, Walter S. Speidl, Johann Wojta, Philipp J. Hohensinner
Summary: Quantitative and functional analysis of mononuclear leukocyte populations is crucial for understanding the role of the immune system in disease pathogenesis. Cryopreservation of mononuclear cells (MNCs) is commonly used to maintain consistent experimental conditions, but immune cells may react differently and change during the freeze-thaw process. In this study, we tested four cryopreservation media using MNCs from 15 individuals and evaluated their performance in terms of cell recovery, viability, and immune response.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Paul M. Haller, Ines F. Goncalves, Eylem Acar, Bernhard Jaeger, Patrick M. Pilz, Johann Wojta, Kurt Huber, Attila Kiss, Bruno K. Podesser
Summary: The level of NRG-1 is affected in patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI). Further large clinical trials are needed to confirm this hypothesis.
REVIEWS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Max Lenz, Manuel Salzmann, Cosmin Ciotu, Christoph Kaun, Konstantin A. Krychtiuk, Andreja Rehberger Likozar, Miran Sebestjen, Laura Goederle, Sabine Rauscher, Zoriza Krivaja, Christoph J. Binder, Kurt Huber, Christian Hengstenberg, Bruno K. Podesser, Michael J. M. Fischer, Johann Wojta, Philipp J. Hohensinner, Walter S. Speidl
Summary: This study demonstrates the importance of Na+ influx modulation in cellular response to inflammation. Ranolazine, a known antianginal drug, reduces intracellular Na+ levels and shows anti-inflammatory effects in both human patients and a mouse atherosclerotic disease model.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Patrick Haider, Julia B. Kral-Pointner, Manuel Salzmann, Florian Moik, Sonja Bleichert, Waltraud C. Schrottmaier, Christoph Kaun, Mira Brekalo, Michael B. Fischer, Walter S. Speidl, Christian Hengstenberg, Bruno K. Podesser, Kurt Huber, Ingrid Pabinger, Sylvia Knapp, Frank Brombacher, Christine Brostjan, Cihan Ay, Johann Wojta, Philipp J. Hohensinner
Summary: IL-4R alpha plays a homeostatic role in regulating the lifespan of monocytes, and its absence leads to a reduction in monocyte numbers and affects the occurrence of inflammatory responses.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Johannes Klopf, Svitlana Demyanets, Mira Brekalo, Wolf Eilenberg, Johann Wojta, Christoph Neumayer, Christine Brostjan, Stefan Stojkovic
Summary: Circulating serum sST2 protein levels may be useful in the early diagnosis of AAA, but cannot distinguish between AAA and PAD or predict AAA progression.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Lorenz Koller, Eva Steinacher, Felix Hofer, Andreas Hammer, Niema Kazem, Guenther Laufer, Tatjana Fleck, Barbara Steinlechner, Johann Wojta, Bernhard Richter, Christian Hengstenberg, Patrick Sulzgruber, Alexander Niessner
Summary: This study investigated the prognostic value of soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) in patients undergoing cardiac surgery and calculated a simplified biomarker score comprising suPAR, N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and age. The results showed that suPAR, NTproBNP and age were independent prognosticators of mortality. The simplified biomarker score had a superior prognostic value compared to EuroScoreII and performed better in predicting intermediate and long-term outcomes as well as hospitalization due to heart failure.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Stephanie Kampf, Alexander Micko, Stefan Stojkovic, Maja Nackenhorst, Svitlana Demyanets, Wolf-Hans Eilenberg, Claus Krenn, Johann Wojta, Christoph Neumayer
Summary: This study aimed to test extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN) as a potential marker of high risk vulnerable plaques in patients with carotid artery stenosis. EMMPRIN levels were analyzed in pre-operative serum samples and it was found that patients with high risk plaques had increased levels of EMMPRIN. The combination of EMMPRIN with clinical risk factors improved the prediction of vulnerable plaques in asymptomatic patients.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF VASCULAR AND ENDOVASCULAR SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Karin Mueller, Theresia Lengheimer, Julia B. Kral-Pointner, Johann Wojta, Lusine Yeghiazaryan, Christoph Krall, Rupert Palme, Sonia Kleindorfer, Roberto Plasenzotti, Daniela D. Pollak, Katharina E. Tillmann
Summary: Hygiene management protocols in laboratory mouse husbandries commonly use soiled bedding-exposed sentinel mice to monitor infections. This study found that sentinel mice showed fewer abnormal repetitive behaviors compared to control mice when using soiled bedding. This suggests a beneficial effect of soiled bedding on the welfare and outcome variability of laboratory mice.
FRONTIERS IN BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Eva van Ingen, Pleun A. M. Engbers, Tamar Woudenberg, M. Leontien van der Bent, Hailiang Mei, Johann Wojta, Paul H. A. Quax, A. Yael Nossent
Summary: C/D box small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) of the DLK1-DIO3 locus are associated with vascular remodeling and cardiovascular disease. In this study, we found that AF357425/SNORD113-6, a snoRNA, can target transfer (t)RNA fragments (tRFs) and affect their formation. AF357425/SNORD113-6 methylates tRNALeu(TAA) and prevents the formation of tRFLeu 47-64. The presence of oxidative or hypoxic stress increases the expression of AF357425/SNORD113-6 and tRNALeu(TAA), but knocking down AF357425/SNORD113-6 does not further increase tRFLeu 47-64 formation under stress.
MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Christoph C. Kaufmann, Amro Ahmed, Marie Muthspiel, Isabella Rostocki, Edita Pogran, David Zweiker, Achim Leo Burger, Bernhard Jaeger, Gabriele Aicher, Alexander O. Spiel, Florian Vafai-Tabrizi, Michael Gschwantler, Peter Fasching, Johann Wojta, Kurt Huber
Summary: Excess cardiovascular morbidity and mortality is observed in COVID-19 patients. This study found that IL-32 and IL-34 levels were not associated with cardiovascular disease or 28-day mortality in COVID-19 patients, but patients with multiple cardiovascular diseases had a significantly increased risk of short-term mortality.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stephan Nopp, M. Leontien van der Bent, Daniel Kraemmer, Oliver Koenigsbruegge, Johann Wojta, Ingrid Pabinger, Cihan Ay, Anne Yael Nossent
Summary: In this study, the researchers investigated the potential of circulating microRNAs as prognostic biomarkers for major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with atrial fibrillation. The results suggest that miR-411-5p could be a valuable biomarker for predicting MACE in AF patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Felix Hofer, Andreas Hammer, Ulrike Pailer, Lorenz Koller, Niema Kazem, Eva Steinacher, Barbara Steinlechner, Martin Andreas, Guenther Laufer, Johann Wojta, Thomas A. Zelniker, Christian Hengstenberg, Alexander Niessner, Patrick Sulzgruber
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the influence of FGF-23 on cardiovascular outcomes in an unselected patient population after cardiac surgery. The results showed that FGF-23 is an independent predictor of cardiovascular death/HHF and postoperative atrial fibrillation. Routine preoperative FGF-23 evaluation may improve the detection of high-risk patients.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2023)